1279
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Calendar overview 1279
Map with all linked sites: | 1279 | |
|---|---|
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 the Portuguese throne. |
| 1279 in other calendars | |
| Armenian calendar | 727/728 (turn of the year July) |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1271/72 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1822/23 (southern Buddhism); 1821/22 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana ) |
| Chinese calendar | 66th (67th) cycle
Year of the Earth- Rabbit 己卯 ( at the beginning of the year Earth-Tiger 戊寅) |
| Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam) | 641/642 (turn of the year April) |
| Iranian calendar | 657/658 |
| Islamic calendar | 677/678 (turn of the year 13/14 May) |
| Jewish calendar | 5039/40 (September 8/9) |
| Coptic calendar | 995/996 |
| Malayalam calendar | 454/455 |
| Seleucid era | Babylon: 1589/90 (turn of the year April)
Syria: 1590/91 (turn of the year October) |
| Spanish era | 1317 |
| Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar) | 1335/36 (turn of the year April) |
Events
Politics and world events
Western Europe
- February 16 : After the death of his father Alfons III. Dionysius ascends the Portuguese throne. Right at the beginning of his reign he had to deal with the claims to power of his younger brother Alfons.
- May 23rd : England and France sign the Treaty of Amiens over the possessions in France belonging to the English king .
Holy Roman Empire
- August 28 : Duke Johann I von Brabant , the Archbishop of Cologne and Elector Siegfried von Westerburg , Count Dietrich von Kleve and Rainald I von Geldern sign a treaty against robber baronism and counterfeiting , the Wankum land peace . The parties undertake to provide mutual assistance.
- October 14th : In Pingsheim near Nörvenich the peace of Pingsheim is concluded between the Count of Jülich and the Archbishop of Cologne Siegfried von Westerburg .
- King Rudolf von Habsburg guarantees Pope Nicholas III. the freedom and independence of the Papal States and finally renounces all rights in Romagna .
Eastern Europe
- March 5 : The battle of Aizkraukle between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania - led by Grand Duke Traidenis - and the Livonian Order near Aizkraukle ends with a bitter defeat for the Order. 71 knights, the grand master Ernst von Rassburg and the leader of the Danish-Estonian knights Eilart Hoberg are killed. It is the second biggest defeat of the Livonian Order in the 13th century.
- Ivan Asen III. becomes Tsar of Bulgaria .
Asia
- March 19 : The Battle of Yamen is one of the greatest naval battles in world history. Despite the numerical superiority of the armed forces of the Song Dynasty under their Admiral Zhang Shijie, the Mongolian fleet of Kublai Khan wins and thus finally ends the rule of the Song Dynasty in China . The prime minister and imperial advisor Lu Xiufu realizes the hopelessness of the situation, takes the child emperor Song Bing and jumps with him into the river at Yaishan's to kill himself and his ruler before they reach the Mongol army on Mount Ya near the river. The Yuan dynasty founded by Kublai Khan thus united the Chinese empire by military means after more than 300 years of division.
- Saif ad-Din Qalawun al-Alfi al-Mansur overthrows his son-in-law Berke Qan and becomes Sultan of the Mamluks in Egypt and founds the Bahri dynasty . Berke Qan is assigned to Kerak in Transjordan as an independent domain.
First documentary mentions
- Burgdorf near Hanover is mentioned for the first time in the biography of Bishop Otto I of Hildesheim .
- First documentary mention of Cleebronn , Courchavon , Eschhofen , Hoisdorf , Pfaffenhofen , Senftenberg and Weiler an der Zaber
- First documentary mention of Hainzell in the Fulda district
Religion and culture
- Pope Nicholas III takes the side of the moderate Franciscans with the bull Exiit qui seminat on August 14th , while the strict observants (cf. Spirituals ) come into opposition to the papacy and are later viewed by the Inquisition as heretics .
- Friedrich von Montalban becomes Bishop of Freising .
- Erfurt : Archbishop officials are mistreated and driven out of the city. The Archbishop of Mainz replies with the ban . The imposed interdict weighs two and a half years on the city.
- The Franciscan Petrus Johannis Olivi is reported to the Order General Girolami d'Ascoli (later Pope Nicholas IV ) because of his advocacy for the evangelical perfection ( poverty ) of the Order and for the renewal of the Church .
- Bernhard Gui , who later became the inquisitor and order writer, joins the Dominican order in Limoges .
- Christina von Stommeln tells Petrus von Dacien her 'secret' that from the beginning she was betrothed to him, her worldly and not to Christ , her spiritual lover; a unique process in medieval mysticism .
- Heinrich von Herford lists in his chronicle for this year a list of various famous writers, including Ulrich von Strassburg (see web links), Gerhard von Minden, Dietrich von Freiberg , Johannes von Freiburg, Hermann von Minden and Joh. Christoferus with brief details of their works
- The choir of the Predigerkirche in Erfurt is completed and thus (essentially) a 'construction break' is put in until 1336 .
Born
Date of birth saved
- February 5 : Levold von Northof , Canon of Liège and historian of the County of Mark († 1359 )
- August 4 : Antony Bek , Bishop of Norwich († 1343 )
Exact date of birth unknown
- Ismail I , Emir of Granada († 1325 )
- Josef Kaspi , Jewish scholar and Bible commentator († 1340 )
- al-Chāzin , Shafiite Koran exegete († 1341 )
- Louis I. de Bourbon , Count of La Marche and Duke of Bourbon († 1341 )
- Ahmad an-Nuwairī , Egyptian historian and encyclopaedist († 1333 )
- Otto I , Duke of Pomerania († 1344 )
Born around 1279
- 1278 /1279: . Heinrich VII of Luxembourg , German Kaiser and Count of Luxembourg († 1313 )
Died
Date of death secured
- February 16 : Alfonso III. , King of Portugal (* 1210 )
- March 26th : Hildebrand von Möhren , Prince-Bishop of Eichstätt
- 13 / April 14 : Boleslaw VI. the Pious , Duke of Greater Poland (* around 1225 )
- 24 / 25 April : Walter Giffard , archbishop of York (* around 1225 )
- June 28th : John I , Count of Blois, the Counties of Chartres and the Counties of Dunois
- July 4th : Otto I of Braunschweig-Lüneburg , Bishop of Hildesheim (* around 1247 )
- August 15 : Albrecht I , Duke of Braunschweig and Lüneburg (* 1236 )
- September 3 : Étienne Tempier , Bishop of Paris
- September 10 : Robert Kilwardby , Archbishop of Canterbury (* around 1215 )
- September 18 : Ulrich II. , Count of Württemberg (* around 1254 )
- October 14 : Walram V , Duke of Limburg
- December 7th : Bolesław V , Duke of Poland (* 1226 )
Exact date of death unknown
- around April 27 : Robert de Ferrers , English magnate and rebel (* around 1239)
- Payn de Chaworth , English nobleman and military man (* around 1245 )
- Konrad II of Freising , Bishop of Freising
- Li Ye , Chinese mathematician (* 1192 )
- Peter Mauley , English nobleman (* around 1126 )
- Rinchen Gyeltshen , person of Tibetan Buddhism (* 1238 )
- Sayyid Ajall Shams ad-Din Umar , Chinese civil servant (* around 1210 )
- Eudo de la Zouche , English nobleman
Web links
Commons : 1279 - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
- Meister Eckhart and his time: Petrus von Dacien , Ulrich von Straßburg