1344

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Heads of State · Nekrolog

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1344
Alfonso XI of Castile conquered Algeciras from the Moors .
1344 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	792/793 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1336/37
Aztec calendar	7th tubes - Chicome Acatl (until the end of January / beginning of February 6th Rabbit - Chicuace Tochtli )
Buddhist calendar	1887/88 (southern Buddhism); 1886/87 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	67th (68th) cycle Year of the wood monkey甲申 ( at the beginning of the year water sheep 癸未)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	706/707 (turn of the year April)
Iranian calendar	722/723
Islamic calendar	744/745 (turn of the year 14/15 May)
Jewish calendar	5104/05 (September 8/9)
Coptic calendar	1060/61
Malayalam calendar	519/520
Seleucid era	Babylon: 1654/55 (turn of the year April) Syria: 1655/56 (turn of the year October)
Spanish era	1382
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1400/01

Events

Politics and world events

Reconquista

• March 27 : After several victories on the North African coast against the Merinids under Abu l-Hasan , Alfonso XI succeeds . of Castile and León in the course of the Reconquista, among other things, the conquest of the Andalusian city of Algeciras from the Moorish- ruled Emirate of Granada under Yusuf I.

Holy Roman Empire

• July 11th : After the death of Ulrich III. his sons Eberhard II. and Ulrich IV. jointly become Counts of Württemberg .

Estonia

• Beginning of the year: Troops of the Brothers of the Sword land on the Estonian island of Saaremaa , where a popular uprising broke out last year . On February 15 or 17, they defeat the insurgents and kill their leaders. Nevertheless, the uprising continued until the winter of 1345/46.

Crusade from Smyrna

• End of the year: In Pope Clement VI. initiated Crusade of Smyrna , the Crusaders conquer Smyrna from the Aydınids .

Byzantine Empire / Balkans

• May: In the Battle of Stefaniana on a side front of the Byzantine Civil War , a Serbian and Turkish armies clash for the first time . The Turkish cavalry emerges victorious from the battle.

Crusader States

• April 17th : After Constantine IV was killed during an uprising of the Armenian barons, Constantine V succeeds him as the second Latin king of the Lusignan dynasty of Little Armenia . Since he is only a distant cousin of the deceased, he immediately tries to get rid of all other heir to the throne. Constantine IV's nephews, Bohemond and Leon , escape to Cyprus before the murder commissioned by Constantine V can be carried out.

Africa

• Newaya Krestos follows his late father Amda Seyon I as negus of Ethiopia from the Solomonic dynasty .

Asia

• Parakramabahu V becomes King of Sri Lanka .

First documentary mentions

• Elm , Honau , Rongellen , Teuffenthal , Crispenhofen and Rosenberg (Württemberg) are first mentioned in a document.

religion

• Albrecht I von Hohenfels is unanimously elected by the cathedral chapter to succeed Heinrich V. Schenk von Reicheneck , who died on February 10, as Prince-Bishop of Eichstätt . He also receives confirmation from the Archbishop of Mainz , Heinrich III. from Virneburg . Heinrich is, however, himself excommunicated as a member of Ludwig of Bavaria and therefore does not receive any papal confirmation.

Coat of arms of the Archdiocese of Prague

• April 30th : Prague is taken over by Pope Clement VI. raised to the archbishopric with the suffragan dioceses Olomouc and Litomysl . The latter suffragan bishopric is specially founded.

Agnes of Hungary

• July 22nd : Pope Clement VI. gives in a Breve Agnes of Hungary the permission to participate in the life of the Poor Clares without being obliged to take an exam .
• After the death of Nicholas of Frauenfeld on 25 July is Ulrich Pfeffer hard as the first commoner to Bishop of Constance elected. He takes over a monastery that has been financially shattered by the disputes between the emperor and the pope.
• August 22nd : Clement VI. grants Queen Agnes of Hungary the privilege to visit the Königsfelden monastery as often as she wants and to build a house on the monastery.
• September 5th : Otto I from the Oldenburg Count House succeeds Burchard Grelle , who died on August 12th, as Archbishop of the Archdiocese of Bremen . He is elected unanimously by the cathedral chapter.
• November 2nd : Jakob von Bludau succeeds Johann Clare , who died on May 5th, as Bishop of Samland .

• The monastery church of the Cistercian in Chorin is completed (under construction since 1277 ).

Disasters

• Italy is going through a severe famine .

Born

Date of birth saved

• November 8 : Robert I , Duke of Bar († 1411 )

Exact date of birth unknown

• Beatrix of Bavaria , Queen of Sweden († 1359 )
• Alboino II della Scala , Lord of Verona († 1375 )
• Henry VIII , Duke of Lüben and Duke of Brieg († 1399 )
• Jean I. de Bourbon , Count of La Marche († 1393 )
• Johanna von Durazzo , Duchess of Durazzo († 1387 )
• Meinhard III. , Duke of Upper Bavaria and Count of Gorizia and Tyrol († 1363 )
• Robert , Count of La Perche († 1377 )

Died

Date of death secured

• January 11th : Thomas Charlton , Lord Chancellor and Bishop of Hereford (* around 1292 )
• January 18 : Raoul I. de Brienne , Count of Eu (* 1302 )
• January 30th : William Montagu , English military man and magnate (* 1301 )

• February 10 : Heinrich V. Schenk von Reicheneck , Prince-Bishop of Eichstätt
• March 9th : Gertrud III. von Everstein , Abbess of Gernrode
• April 17th : Constantine IV , King of Armenia (* around 1300 )
• April 20 : Levi ben Gershon , Jewish mathematician, philosopher, astronomer and Talmud scholar (* 1288 )

• May 5th : Johann Clare , Bishop of Samland
• July 11 : Ulrich III. , Count of Württemberg (* around 1295 )
• July 25 : Nikolaus von Frauenfeld , Bishop of Konstanz (* around 1285 )

• August 10 : Leopold II of Habsburg , son of the Austrian duke (* 1328 )
• August 10th : Simon I , sovereign of Lippe (* around 1261 )
• August 12th : Burchard Grelle , Archbishop of Bremen
• August 13th : Albert von Anfeld , Abbot of Ebrach
• August 30th : Otto , Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg and Göttingen (* 1292 )

• September 1st : Nikolaus von Banz , administrator of Wroclaw
• November 3 : Adolf von der Mark , Prince-Bishop of Liège (* 1288 )
• November 29th : Gerhard von Lochem , Syndicus of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck and Lübeck Canon

• December 2nd : Konrad von Salmansweiler , Bishop of Gurk
• 4 / 11 / 13 December : . Frederick II of Habsburg , Austrian duke's son (* 1327 / 33 )
• December 24 : Henry IV. , Count of Bar (* 1315 / 20 )
• December 30th / 31st : Otto I , Duke of Pomerania (* 1279 )

Exact date of death unknown

• Agnes von Tübingen , heiress of Kellmünz and Sindelfingen
• Albrecht IV , Duke of Saxony-Lauenburg (* 1315 )
• Amda Seyon I , Ethiopian Emperor (* 1314 )
• Simone Martini , Italian painter of the Sienese school (* around 1284 )
• Mieszko , Duke of Bytom, Bishop of Neutra, Bishop of Veszprém and Prior of the Hungarian Province of St. John (* 1295/1300)
• Shihab ad-Din Ahmad , Sultan of the Mamluks
• Sergio II. De Pola , Lord of Pola

Web links

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