Elm GL

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
GL is the abbreviation for the canton of Glarus in Switzerland and is used to avoid confusion with other entries of the name Elm .
Elm
Elm coat of arms
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : Canton of GlarusCanton of Glarus Glarus (GL)
District : No district division
Political community : Glarus Southi2
Postal code : 8767
former BFS no. : 1605
Coordinates : 732 018  /  197 878 coordinates: 46 ° 55 '8 "  N , 9 ° 10' 19"  O ; CH1903:  732018  /  197,878
Height : 977  m above sea level M.
Area : 90.73  km²
Resident: 622 (December 31, 2020)
Population density : 7 inhabitants per km²
Website: www.elm.ch
Martinsloch, landslide site (left of the church tower)

Martinsloch, landslide site (left of the church tower)
map
Elm GL (Switzerland)
Elm GL
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Parish before the merger on January 1, 2011
Elm, historical aerial photo from 1923, taken from a height of 300 meters by Walter Mittelholzer

Elm (in local dialect Elme [ ˈelmə ]; Rhaeto-Romanic Dialma ? / I ) is a village in the rear Sernftal , which belongs to the political municipality of Glarus Süd in the Swiss canton of Glarus . By the end of 2010 Elm formed its own local church. The hamlets of Sulzbach, Schwändi, Müsli, Untertal, Vogelsang, Töniberg, Obmoos, Steinibach and Wald also belong to Elm. Audio file / audio sample

geography

location

The Elm area is surrounded by the Vorab glacier and the Piz Sardona , Hausstock , Vorab and Kärpf mountains . Elm is the starting point of various regional alpine crossings as well as the Panixer Pass . In spring and autumn the sun shines through a rock window on the great Tschingelhorn , the Martinsloch , on the church in the village and every 19 years the full moon (last time in 2001).

climate

The annual mean temperature is 6.5 ° C, with the coldest monthly mean temperatures in January at −2.2 ° C and the warmest monthly mean temperatures measured at 15.2 ° C in July. On average, around 142 days of frost and 40 days of ice are to be expected here. There are around 16 summer days on an annual average, while an average of 0.6 is a hot day every two to three years . The MeteoSwiss weather station is located at an altitude of 958  m above sea level. M.

Elm GL, 1981-2010
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.
 
 
104
 
1
-6
 
 
101
 
3
-6
 
 
123
 
7th
-3
 
 
110
 
11
1
 
 
140
 
16
6th
 
 
165
 
19th
9
 
 
189
 
21
11
 
 
193
 
20th
10
 
 
149
 
16
7th
 
 
104
 
13
4th
 
 
128
 
6th
-2
 
 
114
 
2
-5
Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm
Source:
Average monthly temperatures and precipitation for Elm GL, 1981–2010
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 1.2 2.7 6.6 11.0 16.2 18.8 20.9 19.9 16.2 12.6 5.9 2.1 O 11.2
Min. Temperature (° C) −6.3 −6.1 −2.6 1.3 5.5 8.6 10.7 10.3 7.1 3.7 −1.6 −5.1 O 2.2
Temperature (° C) −2.2 −1.5 1.9 5.8 10.4 13.2 15.2 14.8 11.5 7.9 2.0 −1.2 O 6.5
Precipitation ( mm ) 104 101 123 110 140 165 189 193 149 104 128 114 Σ 1620
Rainy days ( d ) 11.2 10.1 13.5 12.7 15.0 15.8 15.1 15.3 12.2 10.5 11.9 11.8 Σ 155.1
Humidity ( % ) 75 73 73 71 73 77 79 81 80 78 79 78 O 76.4
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
1.2
−6.3
2.7
−6.1
6.6
−2.6
11.0
1.3
16.2
5.5
18.8
8.6
20.9
10.7
19.9
10.3
16.2
7.1
12.6
3.7
5.9
−1.6
2.1
−5.1
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
r
s
c
h
l
a
g 		104
101
123
110
140
165
189
193
149
104
128
114
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Source:

story

Elm was first mentioned in the Säckinger Urbar in 1344 : tagwanlüt ze Elme . The family of the Elmer is documented as early as 1289 in a bond issued by the Glarus peasants against Rudolf the Hofstätter in Walenstadt . The place name is probably a derivation of Old High German  ëlmo or Middle High German  ëlm  for 'elm'.

The population growth remained modest: The population rose from 516 in 1730 to 1051 in 1850 and fell to 761 by 2000. Originally, Elm belonged to the Glarus Church and from 1273 to 1594 to the Matt Mother Church , which was then given a parish church. In 1493 it received papal permission to build a branch church. On March 22, 1528, the introduction of the Reformation led to an iconoclasm . There is evidence of alpine farming (sheep farming) in Elm as early as the year 1000. The "Wichlenbad" was first mentioned in 1547, and its sulfur source was used extensively until it was buried in 1762. Until the 17th century, agriculture was mainly self-sufficient. In the 17th century, cattle grazing in the Alps for exporting cattle to Northern Italy ("Welschland trade") increased sharply. It peaked in this region in 1750. On September 25, 1799, a battle took place in the "Wichlenbad" between the Austrian troops under General Linken and the French under General Molitor .

In the first half of the 18th century, cotton spinning was introduced as a homework and as a supplement to agriculture. In 1861 the Tschingelberg began to extract slate intensively , which was then processed into writing tablets and pencils. Improper mining led to the Elm landslide on September 11, 1881 , which buried 114 people, 83 buildings and 90 hectares of land in three thrusts and destroyed the slate mine. In 1892, water containing a lot of iron was discovered «in Gschwend». In 1896 the Sernftal Tourist Office was brought into being. The Kurhaus was opened in 1898, and its heyday lasted until 1914. Today it serves as an old people's home for the Kleintal communities. The opening of the Kurhaus was one of the impetuses to build an electricity plant. In 1976 Elm received an award from the Council of Europe and in 1981 the Wakker Prize .

As part of the Glarus community reform , the political one arose on January 1, 2011 through the merger of the previous communities Betschwanden , Braunwald , Elm, Engi , Haslen , Linthal , Luchsingen , Matt , Mitlödi , Rüti (GL) , Schwanden (GL) , Schwändi and Sool Community ( unitary community ) Glarus Süd .

traffic

From 1905 to 1969 Elm was connected to the railway network by the Sernftalbahn . On the first Sunday in May, when the Landsgemeinde took place in Glarus , so many people traveled by train that cattle wagons were equipped with seats. The railway was replaced by the Sernftal car company . The former station buildings were preserved.

business

The main occupation in the municipality is agriculture. The name Elm is known throughout Switzerland for its Elmer Citro and Elmer mineral water. Mineralquellen Elm AG, founded in 1929, is still the only industrial company in the municipality; it was taken over by Pomdor AG (today Ramseier Suisse AG) in 1999 .

In winter Elm offers around 40 kilometers of groomed slopes and toboggan runs. The ski area is located on the left side of the valley in the south and east of the Schabell in the Ampächli basin . It extends over an altitude of around 1500 to 2100 meters above sea level. In summer, Elm is particularly suitable as a hiking area.

A Swiss Army training center is located in the Elm area . It is equipped with modern target display means and a technically state-of-the-art exercise control center. The "Wichlen" tank firing range is one of the few places where the combat of linked weapons can be practiced with a live shot. There is a publicly accessible mountain restaurant at the entrance to the shooting range. A tank repair shop adjoins the restaurant.

  • Ski area on the Schabell

  • Entrance to the village

  • Village center

  • View from the main street

Attractions

  • Suworowhaus

  • Hundredweight house

  • Large house

Slate factory Elm

The slate factory was founded in 1898. Until 1984, the one-man business produced jass and writing boards. Over 30 work steps were necessary to produce a school blackboard. The factory, which today serves as a slate museum, is a testimony to Glarus industrial history and a geological site of the Sardona Geopark . It is still functional and enables visitors to understand the work processes for themselves in the sense of museum education.

  • Slate Museum

  • different operations

  • Museum education

  • original machines

Personalities

literature

Web links

Commons : Elm GL  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Gabrielle Schmid: Elm GL. In: Dictionnaire toponymique des communes suisses - Lexicon of Swiss municipality names - Dizionario toponomastico dei comuni svizzeri (DTS | LSG). Edited by the Center de Dialectologie at the University of Neuchâtel under the direction of Andres Kristol. Verlag Huber, Frauenfeld / Stuttgart / Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-7193-1308-5 and Éditions Payot, Lausanne 2005, ISBN 2-601-03336-3 , p. 319
  2. ↑ Climate table. In: meteoschweiz.admin.ch. meteoschweiz, accessed on April 8, 2018 .
  3. ^ Carl von Clausewitz : The campaigns of 1799 in Italy and Switzerland, Volume 2, page 162.
  4. ↑ Elm mountain railways