1339

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Heads of State · Nekrolog

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1339
Go-Murakami becomes 97th Emperor of Japan .	The Laupenkriegs break out in Switzerland .
1339 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	787/788 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1331/32
Aztec calendar	2nd rabbit - Ome Tochtli (until the end of January / beginning of February 1st house - Ce Calli )
Buddhist calendar	1882/83 (southern Buddhism); 1881/82 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	67th (68th) cycle Year of the Earth- Rabbit 己卯 ( at the beginning of the year Earth-Tiger 戊寅)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	701/702 (turn of the year April)
Iranian calendar	717/718
Islamic calendar	739/740 (turn of the year 8/9 July)
Jewish calendar	5099/5100 (September 3-4)
Coptic calendar	1055/56
Malayalam calendar	514/515
Seleucid era	Babylon: 1649/50 (turn of the year April) Syria: 1650/51 (turn of the year October)
Spanish era	1377
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1395/96

Events

Politics and world events

Maritime republics and city-states in Italy

• January 24th : Alberto II. Della Scala and his brother Mastino II. Della Scala , Lords of Verona , have to make a peace with the coalition of several Italian city-states formed against them and surrender all areas acquired in recent years. With Treviso and Bassano del Grappa , the Republic of Venice acquires its first larger possessions on the Italian mainland , and Florence also extends its territory.
• February 12 : In Venice , the Council of Ten forbids the wearing of masks , even during Carnival .

Gold ducat with the image of Bartolomeo Gradenigos

• November 1st : After the death of Francesco Dandolo , Bartolomeo Gradenigo becomes the new Doge of Venice .
• As in the competing Maritime Republic of Venice, the mayor of Genoa now carries the title " Doge ". The first doge is Simone Boccanegra . The first attack on him was carried out in the first year of his reign. The assassin will be executed on December 20th .

England / France

• The naval war on the English Channel as part of the Hundred Years War between France and England under King Edward III. continues.
• After a pay dispute with King Philip VI. Most of the Genoese mercenaries leave the French services and return to Italy. The French lose their best sailors and around two thirds of their fleet in one fell swoop.

Holy Roman Empire

• February 17 : Albrecht II of Habsburg becomes the sole Duke of Austria , Styria , Carinthia and Carniola with the death of his brother and co-regent Otto IV .
• On June 21, the Laupenkrieg (Laupenkrieg) raged in Switzerland as part of the Swiss Habsburg Wars , in which the Burgundian nobility and the lords of Freiburg (Habsburg) defended themselves against the growth of Bern .
• September 1st : Shortly after his reconciliation with Ludwig the Bavarian , Heinrich XIV died of leprosy in Landshut . His son Johann I became Duke of Lower Bavaria at the age of ten . Ludwig the Bavarian, who married his daughter Anna to Johann on April 18 as part of the peace treaty with the Bavarian Wittelsbachers, takes over the guardianship of the minor.

• The electors of Mainz , Trier and Cologne meet in Wallersheim and form a protective alliance.

Russia

• October 29 : In the Golden Horde , Moscow's last competitors from the Tver royal family are forcibly eliminated. Uzbek Khan has Prince Alexander Mikhailovich and his son Fyodor executed.

Asia

• On his deathbed, Go-Daigo hands over the throne insignia of Japan to his son Go-Murakami , who becomes the 97th Tennō of Japan . In the period of the Namboku-chō at the beginning of the Muromachi period , however, he only ruled the south of the empire. Kōmyō, supported by Shōgun Ashikaga Takauji , continues to sit on the throne at the north court in Kyoto .

economy

• Around 1339: The wool and silk industry in the city of Florence has developed from a small-scale business into a publishing industry and manufacture: 30,000 people (1/3 of the population) produce over 25,000 pieces of cloth worth around 8 million euros each year ( stone , cultural timetable ) .

science and technology

Angelino Dulcert's card

• The Mallorcan cartographer Angelino Dulcert creates a portolan in Palma . The description and the legend are in Latin, which distinguishes them from the portolans from Genoa or Venice. He describes an island belonging to the Canary Islands as the island of Lancelotto Malocello and is thus demonstrably the first Portolan to represent the name of the island of Lanzarote .
• The University of Grenoble is founded.

religion

• Heinrich I von Bülow inherits his brother Ludolf von Bülow after his death on April 23 as Bishop of Schwerin .

Born

Date of birth saved

• April 4 : Matilda Plantagenet , Duchess of Straubing-Holland († 1362 )
• July 23 : Ludwig I , Duke of Anjou († 1384 )
• November 1 : Rudolf IV , Duke of Austria († 1365 )

Exact date of birth unknown

• Anna von Schweidnitz , Empress of the Holy Roman Empire and Queen of Bohemia († 1362 )
• Barquq , Sultan of the Mamluks in Egypt († 1399 )
• Blanche of Bourbon , Queen of Castile († 1361 )
• Erik XII. , King of Sweden and Lord of Skåne († 1359 )
• Ismail II , Emir of Granada († 1360 )
• Johann V , Duke of Brittany († 1399 )
• Pons de Langeac , French nobleman, Viguier of Avignon and rector of the Comtat Venaissin († 1421 )
• Ramesuan , King of the Siamese Kingdom of Ayutthaya († 1395 )
• Bernardon de la Salle , French nobleman and mercenary leader a. a. in English and papal services († 1391 )

Born around 1339

• March 16, 1338/39 : Thomas de Beauchamp, 12th Earl of Warwick , English nobleman and opponent of Richard II († 1401 )

• Johann I , Count of Nassau-Dillenburg († 1416 )
• Nicholas III , Duke of Troppau and Leobschütz († 1394 )

• 1339/ 40 : Fazlallah Astarabadi , Persian poet and Mystic, founder of Mystic Hurūfīya movement († 1394 )
• 1339/ 40 : Arnold van Hoorn , Bishop of Utrecht and Liege († 1389 )

Died

Date of death secured

• February 2 : Jón Halldórsson , Bishop of Skálholt in Iceland (* 1275 )
• February 17th : Otto the Merry , Duke of Austria, Styria and Carinthia (* 1301 )

• April 23 : Ludolf von Bülow , Bishop of Schwerin (* around 1275 )
• May 26 : Anna , Lithuanian princess and queen of Poland (* 1309 )

Azzo Visconti

• August 16 : Azzo Visconti , Italian imperial vicar and conqueror (* 1302 )
• August 25 : Henry de Cobham , English nobleman and politician (* around 1260 )

• September 1 : Heinrich XIV. , Duke of Lower Bavaria (* 1305 )
• September 10 : Heinrich , abbot of the Benedictine monastery in Münsterschwarzach
• September 19 : Go-Daigo , Emperor of Japan (* 1288 )

• October 29 : Alexander Michailowitsch , Prince of Tver and Grand Prince of Vladimir (* 1301 )
• October 31 : Francesco Dandolo , 52nd Doge of Venice (* 1258 )
• December 10 : Hedwig von Kalisch , Queen of Poland (* around 1266 )

Exact date of death unknown

• before April 20: Ralph Dacre , British military and politician

• Rangjung Dorje , person of Tibetan Buddhism (* 1284 )
• Peter von Zittau , Bohemian writer, chronicler and abbot (* around 1275 )
• Ulrich von Ahelfingen , German low nobility (* 1278 )
• Guglielmo da Varignana , medical professor and philosopher (* 1270 )

Web links

Commons : 1339  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files