1361

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Heads of State · Nekrolog

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1361
The Danish King Waldemar Atterdag conquers the important trading town of Visby in the First Waldemark War against the Hanseatic League .
1361 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	809/810 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1353/54
Aztec calendar	11. Feuerstein - Matlactli ozce Tecpatl (until the end of January / beginning of February 10th tubes - Matlactli Acatl )
Buddhist calendar	1904/05 (southern Buddhism); 1903/04 (alternative calculation according to Buddha's Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	67th (68th) cycle Year of the Metal Ox辛丑 ( at the beginning of the year Metal Rat 庚子)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	723/724 (turn of the year April)
Iranian calendar	739/740
Islamic calendar	762/763 (turn of the year October 30/31)
Jewish calendar	5121/22 (September 1st and 2nd)
Coptic calendar	1077/78
Malayalam calendar	536/537
Seleucid era	Babylon: 1671/72 (turn of the year April) Syria: 1672/73 (turn of the year October)
Spanish era	1399
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1417/18

events

Politics and world events

First Waldemark War in Scandinavia

• July 22nd: The Danish King Waldemar IV. Atterdag lands on the Swedish island of Gotland .

Waldemark cross in Visby from the 14th century; the Latin inscription commemorates the battle of July 27, 1361

• July 27: Waldemar IV and his knights defeat an army of the rural population on Gotland within sight of the city walls of Visby , whose city gates remain closed. The important trading town of Visby is captured after the battle. The Wendish cities , which in the previous year supported Waldemar in the conquest of Skåne against Sweden, perceive the conquest as a threat to their trade connections, and so the battle triggered the First Waldemar War of the Hanseatic League against Denmark, which lasted until 1370 . On the part of the Hanseatic League, however, the reaction of the cities is not uniform.

Other events in Europe

• Lorenzo Celsi is elected Doge of Venice to succeed Giovanni Dolfin , who died on July 12th .
• October 10: Edward of Woodstock (the Black Prince ), eldest son of King Edward III of England . , secretly marries Joan of Kent .
• King Ludwig I moves the Hungarian capital from Esztergom to Buda .
• In the Battle of Tiel , Eduard, supported by his mother Eleanor of England , defeated his older brother Rainald III. , sets him prisoner and becomes a duke in the Duchy of Geldern .

Anatolia

• The Ottomans conquer Karesi as the first Anatolian Beylik .

City rights and first documentary mentions

• April 20 . Charles IV gives Hungen in Vogelsbergkreis the town charter .
• The Štědrý hrádek castle is first mentioned in a document.

business

• The Tegel watermill is first mentioned in a document.

science and technology

• Emperor Charles IV founds the University of Pavia as a studium generale to Pope Boniface IX. grants the same rights as the University of Bologna and the Sorbonne in Paris .

Culture

Organ keyboards in Halberstadt Cathedral , illustration by Praetorius

• September 21: Organ landscape Saxony-Anhalt : The organ of the monk and Halberstadt organ builder Nikolaus Faber in Halberstadt Cathedral is consecrated.

company

• Duke Charles of Normandy , future King of France , built the Hôtel Saint-Paul in Paris as his preferred residence.

religion

• April 30th: Otto von Hessen , Archbishop of Magdeburg , dies. Dietrich von Portitz , previous Bishop of Minden , was appointed his successor by the Pope against the wishes of some canons at the emperor's request and solemnly entered Magdeburg on November 16 and received the country's homage. As in Minden, one of his first tasks was to consolidate the shattered finances.
• Gerhard II von Schauenburg becomes the new bishop of Minden .

Disasters

• The second major plague epidemic continues to rage in Europe.

Sports

• According to tradition, the first Kırkpınar tournament is held in Rumelia in the Ottoman Empire .

Born

Date of birth saved

• January 13: Robert de Vere , English nobleman and advisor to King Richard II († 1392)

King Wenceslaus. Illustration from the Wenceslas Bible , approx. 1395/1398

• February 26: Wenceslas , Roman-German King and, as Wenceslaus IV, King of Bohemia, Elector of Brandenburg († 1419)
• May 5: Konrad V , Duke of Teck († 1386)

Exact date of birth unknown

• Shimon ben Tsemach Duran , rabbi († 1444)
• Elisabeth of Bavaria , daughter of Duke Friedrich of Bavaria († 1382)
• Henry III. von Rosenberg , highest burgrave in Prague († 1412)
• John Beaumont , English nobleman († 1396)
• Charles III , King of Navarre († 1425)
• Zhang Yuchu , person of Daoism († 1410)

Died

First half of the year

• January 23: Jacob Nielsen Kyrning , Archbishop of Lund
• February 26: Wilhelm I , Count of Jülich (* around 1299)
• March 9: Ernst I , Prince of Braunschweig-Grubenhagen (* around 1297)
• March 21: Elisabeth von Kleve , abbess of the Clarenberg monastery
• March 23: Henry of Grosmont , English nobleman (* around 1310)
• April 4: Albrecht the Beautiful , Burgrave of Nuremberg (* 1319)
• April 5: Nicolaus Fransoyser , Councilor and Mayor of the City of Hamburg (* around 1287)
• April 30th: Otto , Archbishop of Magdeburg (* 1301)
• May 12: Adhémar de Monteil , Bishop of Metz (* around 1299)
• June 9: Philippe de Vitry , French poet, composer, politician and Bishop of Meaux (* 1291)
• June 16: Johannes Tauler , German theologian and mystic (* around 1300)
• June 17th: Ingebjørg Håkonsdatter , Swedish Duchess (* 1301)

Second half of the year

Tomb of Doge Giovanni Dolfin in Venice

• July 12th: Giovanni Dolfin , Doge of Venice
• July 13: Pierre Bertrand de Colombier , French cardinal and diplomat (* 1299)
• July 18: William Dacre , English military man and politician (* around 1319)
• August 25 or September 4: Francesco degli Atti , Cardinal of the Roman Church and Bishop of Florence
• August 28: Rudolf V , Margrave of Baden
• September 18: Ludwig V , Duke of Bavaria (* 1315)
• October 11th: John Paschal , English clergyman
• October 15: Humphrey de Bohun , English magnate (* around 1309)
• October 18: John Fitzwalter , English nobleman (* around 1315)
• October 27th: Thomas de Berkeley , English nobleman (* around 1293)
• November 21: Philip I , Duke of Burgundy (* 1346)
• December 25th: Agnes von Glogau , Duchess of Lower Bavaria and Countess von Hals (* between 1293 and 1296)

Exact date of death unknown

• after March: an-Nasir al-Hasan , Sultan of the Mamluks in Egypt (* 1334)
• after April 20: Berthold von Moosburg , south German philosopher, Dominican reading master
• Agnes von Baden , Abbess of the Lichtenthal Monastery
• Blanche of Bourbon , Queen of Castile (* 1339)
• Dölpopa Sherab Gyeltshen , person of Tibetan Buddhism (* 1292)
• Elisabeth of Poland , Polish princess and duchess of Pomerania (* 1326)
• Gerlach I , Count of Nassau and defender of Wiesbaden (* around 1285)
• Lodewijk Heyligen , Flemish Benedictine monk and music theorist (* 1304)
• Richard Kilvington , English scholastic (* around 1305)
• Niketas Scholarios , General in the Trapezunt Empire
• María de Padilla , Castilian noblewoman and mistress (* 1334)
• Ludwig Radlkofen , Bishop of Chiemsee
• Thomas Stewart , Scottish nobleman
• Zanobi da Strada , Italian poet and humanist (* 1312)

Web links

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