Hunger

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Hungen
Hunger
Map of Germany, location of the city of Hungen highlighted

Coordinates: 50 ° 28 '  N , 8 ° 54'  E

Basic data
State : Hesse
Administrative region : to water
County : to water
Height : 139 m above sea level NHN
Area : 86.78 km 2
Residents: 12,596 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 145 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 35410
Area code : 06402
License plate : GI
Community key : 06 5 31 008
LOCODE : DE HUG
City structure: 12 districts

City administration address : 		Kaiserstraße 7
35410 Hungen
Website : www.hungen.de
Mayor : Rainer Wengorsch ( Free Voters )
Location of the city of Hungen in the district of Giessen
Niederdorfelden Biebertal Wettenberg Lollar Staufenberg (Hessen) Allendorf (Lumda) Rabenau (Hessen) Heuchelheim an der Lahn Gießen Buseck Grünberg (Hessen) Fernwald Linden (Hessen) Langgöns Pohlheim Reiskirchen Lich Hungen Laubach Wetteraukreis Vogelsbergkreis Landkreis Limburg-Weilburg Landkreis Limburg-Weilburg Landkreis Marburg-Biedenkopf Lahn-Dill-Kreismap
About this picture

Hungen is a town in the central Hessian district of Gießen . Because of the shepherd's festival that takes place every two years, Hungen is also called "The Shepherd's Town".

geography

The town of Hungen is located in the south-eastern part of the district of Gießen in the middle of Hesse , on the border between Wetterau and Vogelsberg .

Neighboring communities

Hungen borders the city of Laubach to the north, the city of Nidda ( Wetteraukreis ) to the east, the municipalities of Wölfersheim (Wetteraukreis) and Echzell to the south and the cities of Munzenberg (Wetteraukreis) and Lich to the west .

City structure

With the incorporation of the communities of Bellersheim , Inheiden , Rodheim , Rabertshausen , Nonnenroth , Langd , Obbornhofen , Steinheim , Trais-Horloff , Utphe and Villingen in the 1970s, the town of Hungen now has around 13,000 inhabitants.

history

Otto Graf zu Solms confirmed the city's freedoms (parchment, seal) on October 4, 1459

In the Middle Ages, the city was on the trade route through the Kurzen Hessen .

The city center was first mentioned in a document on July 28, 782 as a gift from Emperor Charlemagne to the Hersfeld monastery . This expanded the donation "Hoinge" or "Houngun" together with the surrounding villages and clearings to the so-called "Hersfeldsche Mark". The monastery governor came under the rule of the Münzenbergs and later fell to the Falkensteiners .

For the year 1320 the parish church is attested in a feudal letter. Emperor Charles IV. Gave the most April 20, 1361 town charter . Through an inheritance, Hungen came to the Counts of Solms on May 24, 1419 , whom Emperor Friedrich III. a market right was granted for the period from October 28 to November 11. From this the traditional All Saints' Day market developed .

Around 1700 the Hungen office comprised the villages of Bellersheim, Bettenhausen , Birklar , Muschenheim and Nonnenroth. Röthges and Villingen, which were all compulsory. Then there was the town of Langsdorf , which had replaced its official duties towards the sovereign in the 16th century.

Between 1705 and 1719 there were disputes and lawsuits between the farmers of the Hungen office and the Solms-Braunfels rule.

From 1602 to 1678 Hungen was an independent county. After the Solms-Hungen line died out in 1678, half of the office came to the Solms-Braunfels line, after which it went to Count Wilhelm Moritz von Greifenstein , who later called himself again after the Braunfels line. In 1693 all of Hungen's office fell to his rule.

Hungen then came to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt , which was elevated to the Grand Duchy of Hessen in 1806 . Until 1841 district council and seat of a district court , the city was from 1841 to 1848 the administrative seat of the district of Hungen in the administrative district of Friedberg .

In 1877 a type H6 stone meteorite fell in a wooded area near Hungen . The meteorite consisted of two fragments that weighed a total of 112 grams.

Incorporations

In the course of administrative reform in Hesse , the communities were on a voluntary basis on December 31, 1970 Langd , Rabertshausen , Steinheim , Trais-Horloff and Utphe and the municipalities at 31 December 1971 Nonnenroth and Rodheim incorporated . On January 1, 1977, the municipalities of Bellersheim , Inheiden , Obbornhofen and Villingen were incorporated into Hungen by the law to reorganize the Dill district, the districts of Gießen and Wetzlar and the city of Gießen . Local districts with local advisory councils and local councilors were set up for all formerly independent communities .

Outsourcing

On August 1, 1972, an area with then about fifty inhabitants was assigned to the neighboring town of Nidda.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Hungen was located or the administrative units to which it was subject:

Courts since 1803

In the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt , the judicial system was reorganized in an executive order of December 9, 1803. The “Hofgericht Gießen” was set up as a court of second instance for the province of Upper Hesse . The jurisdiction of the first instance was carried out by the offices or landlords and thus the "Patrimonial Court of the Princes Solms-Braunfels" in Hungen was responsible for Hungen from 1806. The court court was the second instance court for normal civil disputes, and the first instance for civil family law cases and criminal cases. The superior court of appeal in Darmstadt was superordinate .

With the founding of the Grand Duchy of Hesse in 1806, this function was retained, while the tasks of the first instance 1821–1822 were transferred to the newly created regional and city courts as part of the separation of jurisdiction and administration. From 1822, the princes of Solms-Braunfels let the Grand Duchy of Hesse exercise their court rights on their behalf. “ Landgericht Hungen ” was therefore the name of the court of first instance that was responsible for Hungen. It was only as a result of the March Revolution of 1848 that the special civil rights were finally abolished with the “Law on the Relationships of Classes and Noble Court Lords” of April 15, 1848.

On the occasion of the introduction of the Courts Constitution Act with effect from October 1, 1879, as a result of which the previous grand-ducal-Hessian regional courts were replaced by local courts at the same place, while the newly created regional courts now functioned as higher courts, it was renamed "Local Court Hungen" and allocated to District of the regional court Giessen .

On June 1, 1934, the Hungen District Court was dissolved and Hungen was assigned to the district of the Nidda District Court . On January 1, 2012, the district court of Nidda was also dissolved in accordance with the decision of the Hessian state parliament and Hungen went to the district court of Gießen . The superordinate instances are now, the regional court Gießen , the higher regional court Frankfurt am Main and the federal court as last instance.

population

Population development

Hungen: Population from 1830 to 2015
year     Residents
1830
  
 1,027
1834
  
 970
1840
  
 1,091
1846
  
 1,290
1852
  
 1,199
1858
  
 1,243
1864
  
 1,171
1871
  
 1,223
1875
  
 1,283
1885
  
 1,297
1895
  
 1,385
1905
  
 1,522
1910
  
 1,678
1925
  
 1,736
1939
  
 1,723
1946
  
 2,923
1950
  
 3.149
1956
  
 3,250
1961
  
 3,375
1967
  
 3,640
1970
  
 3,984
1972
  
 7,725
1976
  
 12,014
1981
  
 11,862
1988
  
 11,742
1992
  
 12,373
2000
  
 12,800
2004
  
 12,924
2010
  
 12,613
2015
  
 12,500
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; 1972 :; 1976 :; 1988 :; 1992 :; 2000, 2015 :; 2004 :; 2010:
From 1972 including the towns incorporated into Hesse as part of the regional reform .

Religious affiliation

  • 1830: 969 Protestant, 5 Roman Catholic residents, 53 Jews
  • 1961: 2150 Protestant, 1098 Roman Catholic residents
    Source: Historical local dictionary

Gainful employment

  • 1961: Labor force: 143 agriculture and forestry, 762 manufacturing, 292 trade, traffic and communication, 301 services and other
    Source: Historisches Ortslexikon

politics

City Council

The local elections on March 6, 2016 produced the following results, compared to previous local elections:

Distribution of seats in the 2016 city council
    
A total of 37 seats
Parties and constituencies %
2016 		Seats
2016 		%
2011 		Seats
2011 		%
2006 		Seats
2006 		%
2001 		Seats
2001
FWG Free voter community Hungen 36.4 14th 32.6 12 19.6 7th - -
SPD Social Democratic Party of Germany 27.9 10 32.3 12 43.6 16 41.3 15th
CDU Christian Democratic Union of Germany 24.2 9 23.1 9 28.8 11 32.9 12
GREEN Alliance 90 / The Greens 11.5 4th 12.0 4th 8.1 3 6.9 3
ÜWG Non-partisan voter community Hungen - - - - - - 18.8 7th
total 100 37 100 37 100 37 100 37
Voter turnout in% 52.3 59.0 51.0 56.4

mayor

Rainer Wengorsch (Free Voters) won the local elections on March 27, 2011 with 64.4 percent of the votes cast against Elke Högy (SPD). He was introduced to his office on December 2, 2011, replacing Klaus Peter Weber (SPD) after 18 years in office. Wengorsch was re-elected on June 11, 2017 with 83.4 percent, but with only 29.0 percent voter turnout and no opposing candidates.

Twin town

Culture and sights

Buildings in Hungen

Area of ​​the small fort Feldheimer Wald
Hungen Castle
Bitzenstrasse 34–36, oldest residential building in Hungen
Evangelical town church

Evangelical town church

The Protestant town church is the oldest building in Hungen and was first mentioned in 1286. In its appearance, which has grown over the centuries, it combines the architectural styles of Romantic , Gothic and Renaissance . Towards the end of the 12th century the Romanesque lower part of the tower was built, which is located between the choir and the nave and is decorated with valuable wall paintings. The two upper floors date from the middle of the 13th century and have early Gothic style elements. The late Gothic choir was consecrated in 1518 and served as a burial chapel for the Count's House of Solms-Hungen , which had its seat in Hungen for almost a hundred years. The nave was enlarged between 1596 and 1608. The castle-like building represented something completely new for the church at that time and in the 17th and 18th centuries became a model for numerous Protestant church buildings in the vicinity.

lock

About the first beginnings of a fortification of the small castle hill, almost 15 meters above the Horloff , one can only speculate. The current castle was built in the middle of the 15th century in place of an older castle complex, which was documented in 1383. In the centuries that followed, the castle was expanded and modified several times, acquired by a community of owners in 1974 and restored to its present state with great effort.

Former district office building

The plastered two-storey half-timbered building in Schlossgasse with a mansard roof was probably built in the late 18th century.

Residential buildings

Within the town center, which has been affected by demolitions and faceless new buildings, a few older half-timbered houses have been preserved, but some of them are disfigured by plastering or shop window openings. Only recently has some buildings been exposed and professional restoration in the course of urban redevelopment.

  • In 1978, one of the city's most important architectural monuments, the Amtshaus (formerly Obertorstrasse 14), dated 1589, was lost. Today it is located in the Hessenpark open-air museum , where it serves as an administration building.
  • The double dwelling at Bitzenstrasse 34–36 was restored in 2009–2013, with a dendrochronological examination dated the house to the year 1465.
  • In the House Obertorstraße 13 the truss structure has been greatly renewed in the recent restoration and partly completed. The gabled house now used as a restaurant, the facade of which has curved struts, was built around 1500 and is therefore one of the oldest residential buildings in Hungen.
  • The Gasthaus Sterntaler is located on the market square (Obertorstraße 29). The stately three-storey building with carved beams is marked 1661 and was renovated in 1763.

city ​​wall

Larger parts of the medieval city ​​wall , especially in the southeast, which are mostly built into houses. The remains of the city ​​wall with a moat are also visible here.

Yard grass

Hof Grass is located on federal road 457 towards Nidda. The former estate was extensively renovated from 2010 to 2012. Since then, it has housed the Limes Information Center and the Hungen City Archives, among other things .

Buildings in the districts

Inheiden Fort

South of Hungen, near Hof Graß, is the almost 2000 year old Roman fort Inheiden.

Feldheimer Wald small fort

Another Roman legacy, the small fort Feldheimer Wald can be found about two kilometers west-southwest of the town center, in the north corner of the Feldheimer Wald. The contours of the fence are still visible as flat bumps in the terrain.

Nonnenroth district

Fortified church Nonnenroth

Nonnenroth was first mentioned in a document in 1271. The village used to belong to the Hersfeldsche Mark. Today's landmark, a fortified church, was built on a hilltop, the bell tower of which was integrated into the new church. The Thirty Years' War brought a lot of hardship, suffering and devastation to the small town, as the old "Heerstraße", leading from Hungen over the Galgenberg through Nonnenroth to Grünberg, always had many troop movements.

Natural monuments

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

history

Hungen's economic importance began in the early Middle Ages due to its favorable location at the intersection of two important trade routes, the Salzstrasse and the Alte Gelnhäuser Poststrasse . Another important factor was obtaining town and market rights, as evidenced by the All Saints' Day Market held annually on November 1st .

Road traffic

The federal highways 457 and 489 , which ran through the town until the end of 2006, roughly followed these old trade routes. Due to the new bypass, the intersection is now southeast of the town and is developed as a roundabout.

railroad

Hungen station 2010

Hungen used to be a railway junction. The remnants of the spacious train station with its own goods handling facility testify to this . This facility ensured the existence of many small forwarders for short and medium-haul routes. The house platform and the central platform were renovated in 2017 and since then offer step-free access to the regional trains of the Hessian State Railway . The pedestrian underpass is barrier-free by elevators and is now also connected to the road network in a north-easterly direction.

The Friedberg – Laubach – Mücke ( Horlofftalbahn ) and the Gießen – Nidda – Gelnhausen ( Lahn-Kinzig-Bahn ) railway , both built by the Grand Ducal Hessian State Railways , crossed here. The Lahn-Kinzig-Bahn is served almost every hour by regional trains of the Hessian State Railway. The Hungen – Laubach line was shut down and dismantled in 1999, and a cycle path was created in the former track bed. The line from Friedberg between Wölfersheim- Södel and Hungen was closed in 2005. Recommissioning is being discussed in the neighboring communities.

Transportation

The city of Hungen and the district of Gießen belong to the area of ​​the Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbund . Hungen has its own city bus line, the VGO line 60.

Long-distance cycle routes

The German Limes Cycle Path leads through Hungen and its districts of Inheiden and Steinheim . This follows the Upper German-Raetian Limes over 818 kilometers from Bad Hönningen on the Rhine to Regensburg on the Danube .

sons and daughters of the town

Heinrich Konrad Schneider, agricultural scientist from the Trais-Horloff district , around 1875

literature

Web links

Commons : Hungen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Hungen  - Travel Guide

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hessian State Statistical Office: Population status on December 31, 2019 (districts and urban districts as well as municipalities, population figures based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ a b c d e Hungen, District of Giessen. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of March 15, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  3. ^ Werner Troßbach: Peasant movements in the Wetterau-Vogelsberg area 1648-1806. Case studies on peasant resistance in the Old Kingdom. In: Sources and research on Hessian history. Vol. 52, Darmstadt and Marburg 1985, pp. 48-104.
  4. ↑ Hunger. Meteoritical Bulletin, accessed June 13, 2020 .
  5. ↑ Thomas Witzke: Meteorite from Germany. strahlen.org, accessed on June 13, 2020 .
  6. ↑ Incorporation of municipalities into the city of Hungen, district of Gießen from January 6, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 4 , p. 141 , point 171 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6.3 MB ]).
  7. ↑ Law on the restructuring of the Dill district, the districts of Gießen and Wetzlar and the city of Gießen (GVBl. II 330–28) of May 13, 1974 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1974 No. 17 , p. 237 ff ., § 8 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 1,2 MB ]).
  8. ↑ Karl-Heinz Meier barley, Karl Reinhard Hinkel: Hesse. Municipalities and counties after the regional reform. A documentation . Ed .: Hessian Minister of the Interior. Bernecker, Melsungen 1977, DNB  770396321 , OCLC 180532844 , p. 299 .
  9. ^ Main statute of the city of Hungen. P. 3 , accessed February 2019 .
  10. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 365 .
  11. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  12. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 12 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  13. ↑ Wilhelm von der Nahmer: Handbuch des Rheinischen Particular-Rechts: Development of the territorial and constitutional relations of the German states on both banks of the Rhine: from the first beginning of the French Revolution up to the most recent times . tape 3 . Sauerländer, Frankfurt am Main 1832, OCLC 165696316 , p. 21, 438 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  14. ↑ Latest countries and ethnology. A geographical reader for all stands. Kur-Hessen, Hessen-Darmstadt and the free cities. tape  22 . Weimar 1821, p. 424 ( online at Google Books ).
  15. ^ Georg W. Wagner: Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Upper Hesse . tape 3 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt 1830, p. 135 ( online at Google Books ).
  16. ↑ Law on the repeal of the provinces of Starkenburg, Upper Hesse and Rheinhessen from April 1, 1937 . In: The Reichsstatthalter in Hessen Sprengler (Hrsg.): Hessisches Regierungsblatt. 1937 no.  8 , p. 121 ff . ( Online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 11.2 MB ]).
  17. ↑ Law on the Conditions of the Class Lords and Noble Court Lords of August 7, 1848 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1848 no. 40 , p. 237–241 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 42,9 MB ]).
  18. ^ Ordinance on the implementation of the German Courts Constitution Act and the Introductory Act to the Courts Constitution Act of May 14, 1879 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1879 no. 15 , p. 197–211 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 17.8 MB ]).
  19. ^ Ordinance on the reorganization of district courts of April 11, 1934 . In: The Hessian Minister of State (Hrsg.): Hessisches Regierungsblatt. 1934 No. 10 , p. 63 ( Online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 13.6 MB ]).
  20. ↑ Act to change the organizational rules of the court (Article 1.1, Section 3 c)) of September 16, 2011 . In: The Hessian Minister of Justice (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 2011 No. 17 , p. 409 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 574 kB ]). Refers to the law on the seat and the district of the courts of ordinary jurisdiction and the public prosecutor's offices (Judicial Organization Act) (GVBl. I p. 98) of February 1, 2005 . In: Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 2005 No. 5 , p. 98 ff . ( Online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 235 kB ]).
  21. ^ Local elections 1972; Relevant population of the municipalities on August 4, 1972 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1972 No.  33 , p. 1424 , point 1025 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5.9 MB ]).
  22. ↑ Local elections 1977; Relevant population figures for the municipalities as of December 15, 1976 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1976 No.  52 , p. 2283 , point 1668 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 10.3 MB ]).
  23. ^ Local elections in 1989; Relevant population figures for the municipalities as of October 25, 1988 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1988 No.  45 , p. 2426 , point 1049 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 4.6 MB ]).
  24. ↑ local elections 1993; Relevant population of the municipalities as of October 21, 1992 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1992 No.  44 , p. 2766 , point 935 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6.1 MB ]).
  25. ^ Community data sheet : Hungen. (PDF file; 222 kB) In: Hessisches Gemeindelexikon. HA Hessen agency ;
  26. ↑ Hessian municipal statistics, Edition 2 2005. Hessian State Statistical Office
  27. ↑ The population of the Hessian municipalities on June 30, 2010. (PDF file; 552 kB) Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, p. 11 , archived from the original on February 7, 2018 ; accessed on March 20, 2018 .
  28. ^ Result of the municipal election on March 6, 2016. Hessian State Statistical Office, accessed in April 2016 .
  29. ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 27, 2011.
  30. ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 26, 2006.
  31. ^ Hessenschau.de: Results of the mayoral election of Hungen , June 11, 2017
  32. ↑ Closing the gap with potential. Gießener Allgemeine, December 3, 2015, accessed on December 22, 2016 .