Langd

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Langd
City of Hungen
Langd coat of arms
Coordinates: 50 ° 28 ′ 14 "  N , 8 ° 57 ′ 5"  E
Height : 141  (137–150)  m above sea level NHN
Area : 12.08 km²
Residents : 774  (Jun. 30, 2018)
Population density : 64 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1970
Postal code : 35410
Area code : 06402
Image by Langd

Langd is a district of Hungen in the central Hessian district of Gießen .

Geographical location

Langd is east of Hungen . There are no national roads running through the town.

history

Ceramic fragments from the time 3000 BC Until 2500 BC Chr. Attest to the early settlement of the Langder district. Excavations from 1842 and 1950 show that the area was inhabited at the time of the Urnfield Culture (1200–800 BC) and the Hallstatt period (800–500 BC).

The name Langd referred to the settlement in an elongated area (Old High German: long, Middle High German lanc). The name is an ancient form of the adjective. Initially a field name, it became a settlement name. The oldest known written mention of Langd took place around 1150 under the name Langida in the Codex Eberhardi . In a mention from the year 1242, the knight Henricus de Langete is witness to the notarization of a tax exemption for the Ringelshausen estates of the Antoniterkloster Grünberg by Count Berthold von Ziegenhain and Nidda . In this mention the place name Lank is used, after which it appeared under the names Langete, Oberlangd and Niederlangd . Of the two parts of Oberlangd and Niederlangd, Oberlangd was destroyed in the Thirty Years' War and not repopulated.

The choir tower of the Evangelical Church from the 11th century contains medieval paintings. In 1911 the coat of arms of the Knights of Langd was uncovered: the lily. Together with a miner's lamp, it now forms the coat of arms of the village of Langd, which is run by the local associations.

As a former fiefdom of the Counts of Ziegenhain , Langd was bequeathed to the Landgraviate of Hessen in 1450 and passed to Hessen-Darmstadt in 1627 .

Choir tower (11th century) of the Evangelical Church Langd

Mining has been carried out in the Langd district since 1770. The iron ore , mined in various places, mainly in forest areas, was formed during the tertiary Vogelsberg volcanism . Some of the mining areas are still visible today. The foundation walls of the workers' barracks and some rinsing fields dams are in the forest area between Hungen and Langd. Miners from Tyrol were recruited for the mining, some of whom settled in Langd. Mining came to a standstill in 1945.

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Langd in 1830:

"Langd (L. Bez. Nidda) evangel. Parish village; is 2 St. from Nidda, has 102 houses and 545 inhabitants, all of whom are Protestant. Among the tradesmen, of whom there are 62, there are miners, brick makers and turners. - The chapel still belonged to the Rodheim church in the 14th century. The Usenborn Monastery received a tithe as a fief from Landgrave Philip the Great in 1519. An iron mine was still in operation here around 1736. "

After 1945, the basalt mining for road construction created some jobs. However, the quarry was closed in the early 1980s. Today it is a destination for amateur geologists as it offers insights into the volcanic history of the region. The basalt, which has been broken for centuries in Langd, is also characteristic of the majority of the historical buildings in the old village center of Langd that were built with this building material.

The first school was built in 1832. The second school was built on Taunusstrasse between 1902 and 1905.

In 1847 the first Langder residents emigrated to America for economic reasons. The real estate had made the agricultural land too small to secure the existence of a family.

In 1865 the Protestant church received the organ from Johann Georg Förster, which is now a listed building . Langd received the first aqueduct in 1912 . The sewer system followed in 1958/1959. In both world wars, as in many other places, the church bells were melted down for armament purposes. The town hall and parish hall as well as the kindergarten of the Protestant church were opened in 1970.

On December 31, 1970, as part of the regional reform in Hesse, the voluntary integration into the nearby small town of Hungen took place. For Langd, as for all parts of the village, a local district with a local advisory board and mayor was set up.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Langd was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

population

Population development

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• around 1630: 2 three-horse, 8 two-horse, 15 single-horse farm workers, 20 single-horse  people , 55  house- sitting people
• 1669: 209 souls
• 1742: 3 clergy / officials, 82 subjects, 11 young men, 4  inmates / Jews.
• 1791: 396 inhabitants
• 1800: 396 inhabitants
• 1806: 488 inhabitants, 91 houses
• 1829: 545 inhabitants, 102 houses
• 1867: 604 inhabitants, 120 inhabited buildings
• 1875: 625 inhabitants, 121 inhabited buildings
Langd: Population from 1669 to 2015
year     Residents
1669
  
 209
1791
  
 396
1800
  
 396
1806
  
 488
1829
  
 545
1834
  
 573
1840
  
 617
1846
  
 680
1852
  
 636
1858
  
 626
1864
  
 629
1871
  
 629
1875
  
 625
1885
  
 624
1895
  
 556
1905
  
 574
1910
  
 596
1925
  
 561
1939
  
 578
1946
  
 956
1950
  
 877
1956
  
 747
1961
  
 660
1967
  
 646
1971
  
 654
1987
  
 665
1991
  
 717
1999
  
 747
2005
  
 753
2011
  
 732
2015
  
 715
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; after 1970 city of Hungen; 2011 census

Religious affiliation

• 1829: 545 Protestant residents
• 1961: 556 Protestant, 100 Roman Catholic residents

Gainful employment

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1961: Labor force: 210 agriculture and forestry, 105 prod. Trade, 23 trade, transport and communication, 23 services and other.

coat of arms

On August 30, 1968, the municipality of Langd was awarded a coat of arms with the following blazon : In black, a half-red tip covered with a gold miner's lamp and framed by a gold lily ornament.

Culture and sights

In addition to a sports club (founded in 1946), the volunteer fire brigade (founded in 1936), the rural women’s association (founded in 1962) and the nature conservation association VNULL (founded in 1981) are part of the village's cultural life.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Langd, District of Giessen. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of January 15, 2019). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ Population figures including secondary residences. In: Internet presence. City of Hungen, archived from the original ; accessed in March 2019 .
  3. ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Upper Hesse . tape 3 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt August 1830, OCLC 312528126 , p. 152 f . ( Online at google books ).
  4. ↑ Incorporation of municipalities into the city of Hungen, district of Gießen from January 6, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 4 , p. 141 , point 171 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6.3 MB ]).
  5. ↑ Karl-Heinz Meier barley, Karl Reinhard Hinkel: Hesse. Municipalities and counties after the regional reform. A documentation . Ed .: Hessian Minister of the Interior. Bernecker, Melsungen 1977, DNB  770396321 , OCLC 180532844 , p. 299 .
  6. ^ Main statute of the city of Hungen. P. 3 , accessed February 2019 .
  7. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  8. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 12 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  9. ↑ Martin Röhling: Niddaer Geschichtsblätter. Issue 9 . The story of the Counts of Nidda and the Counts of Ziegenhain. Ed .: Niddaer Heimatmuseum e. V. Im Selbstverlag, 2005, ISBN 3-9803915-9-0 , p. 75, 115 .
  10. ^ The affiliation of the Nidda office based on maps from the Historical Atlas of Hesse : Hessen-Marburg 1567-1604 . , Hessen-Kassel and Hessen-Darmstadt 1604-1638 . and Hessen-Darmstadt 1567-1866 .
  11. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 13 ff ., § 26 point d) IX. ( Online at google books ).
  12. ↑ a b Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1791 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1791, p.  203 ff . ( Online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  13. ↑ Wilhelm von der Nahmer: Handbuch des Rheinischen Particular-Rechts: Development of the territorial and constitutional relations of the German states on both banks of the Rhine: from the first beginning of the French Revolution up to the most recent times . tape 3 . Sauerländer, Frankfurt am Main 1832, OCLC 165696316 , p. 9 ( online at google books ).
  14. ↑ a b Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1806 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1806, p.  268 ff . ( Online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  15. ↑ Latest countries and ethnology. A geographical reader for all stands. Kur-Hessen, Hessen-Darmstadt and the free cities. tape  22 . Weimar 1821, p. 421 ( online at Google Books ).
  16. ^ Georg W. Wagner: Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Upper Hesse . tape 3 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt 1830, p. 181 ff . ( online at Google Books ).
  17. ↑ Law on the repeal of the provinces of Starkenburg, Upper Hesse and Rheinhessen from April 1, 1937 . In: The Reichsstatthalter in Hessen Sprengler (Hrsg.): Hessisches Regierungsblatt. 1937 no.  8 , p. 121 ff . ( Online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 11.2 MB ]).
  18. ↑ Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1800 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1800, p.  222 ff . ( Online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  19. ↑ Housing spaces 1867 . In: Grossherzogliche Centralstelle für die Landesstatistik (Ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1877, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730484 , p. 121 ( online at google books ).
  20. ↑ Residential places 1875 . In: Grossherzogliche Centralstelle für die Landesstatistik (Ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 15 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1877, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730484 , p. 11 ( online at google books ).
  21. ↑ Population: 1999–2007 ; 1971-2015 with secondary apartments (HWS corrected by 50)
  22. ↑ Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. (PDF; 1 MB) In: 2011 Census . Hessian State Statistical Office;
  23. ^ Approval of a coat of arms of the municipality of Langd, district of Gießen, administrative district of Darmstadt from August 30, 1968 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1968 No. 38 , p. 1423 , point 1079 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 4.0 MB ]).

Web links

Commons : Langd  - collection of images, videos and audio files