Castle (Klagenfurt am Wörthersee)
The so-called castle in the center of Klagenfurt am Wörthersee was built as a school by the Protestant estates in the 16th century . Today it houses the Museum of Modern Art Carinthia .
history
The construction of the castle was started in 1586 by the Protestant estates, lords of the city of Klagenfurt. It was built according to plans by Johann Anton Verda , who also played a key role in the country house . The building was built for the “Collegium sapientiae et pietatis”, the Protestant aristocratic school. The collegium had a good reputation reaching beyond national borders, the chronicler Christalnick even compared it with the University of Bologna. It had its own observatory and a labyrinth in the garden.
After the Counter-Reformation , the building was the seat of the burgrave from 1604 to 1747 . The castle chapel was added in 1733/34, thereby lengthening the structure. In 1773/74 the building was increased to three storeys, the facade was built uniformly with pilasters and stuccoed window crowns. In 1854 a staircase tower was built in the arcade courtyard. The bomb damage caused during World War II was quickly repaired after 1945. In 1933 the Carinthian State Gallery was set up on the first floor, which was closed in 1938 and reopened in 1965. It focuses on 19th and 20th century Carinthian painting and has been called the Carinthian Museum of Modern Art for several years .
During the Second World War , the castle was the seat of the Gestapo headquarters in Klagenfurt. In addition to the offices, there were also interrogation rooms and a small cell area. The Gestapo prison itself, however, was on the second floor of what is now the regional court prison.
Building description
The castle is a large, quadrangular, three-storey complex and comprises the block formed by Burggasse, Paradeisergasse, Bahnhofstrasse and Domgasse. The Burggasse front includes 17 window axes, as does the front to Burggasse, while the south side has only 10 window axes. The facades are elongated and divided by pilasters. The simple windows are closed by triangles and segment arcs. The facade facing Paradeisergasse is more simply designed. Inside there is another arcade courtyard. On its west side is the two-storey corridor wing, which opens onto the courtyard with arcades. The north side has three-story arcades, as does the east wing, with the uppermost arcades being glazed. On the south side the arcades are interrupted by the staircase tower. The tower was built in 1854, at the same time as the south portal. On this side, the number of arcades on the first floor is doubled compared to the ground floor.
Inside, the halls are partially stuccoed . Two have stucco ceilings by Gabriel Wittini (1682). A vaulted room in the north wing has baroque cartilage stucco from the 17th century with winged angel heads, herms, lions and human heads. In the east wing there are flat stucco ceilings with flower tendrils (circa 1780). The ceiling of the old castle chapel on the first floor of the north wing has delicate stucco made of leaves, flowers, ribbons, rosettes, cartouches and lattices in which the Christ, Mary and Jesuit monograms are incorporated.
chapel
The present chapel was donated in 1734 by Burgrave Wolfgang Sigismund von Orsini-Rosenberg . She should honor St. Domitian and the memory of the Burgraves of Klagenfurt. The new chapel was added to the castle building on the west side of the north wing, the facade resembles that of the castle. The portal of the chapel is on the north side and is represented with pilasters, volutes and the Carinthian coat of arms crowned by the ducal hat . The hall is two storeys high, barrel-vaulted and structured by painted pilasters. The west side is a straight altar wall. In the southeast corner there is a stone staircase that leads to the castle. The rest of the east wall is occupied by a wooden oratorio bay with gilded ornaments. Under the bay window are the names of the 19 burgraves and a Latin inscription by Josef Ferdinand Fromiller .
Fromiller's fresco “Triumph des St. Domitian “dominated. Domitian hovers over Millstatt Abbey , surrounded by angels. The inscription tape reads: "SANCTUS DOMITIANUS CARINTHIAE ARCHIDUX & APOSTOLUS". The picture of the monastery is historically interesting, as it shows that the two west towers of the monastery church, as evidenced for the cathedral in Gurk , were formerly connected by a wooden bridge. On the north and south walls there are frescoes of other Carinthian saints as illusion paintings: St. Choir Bishop Modestus , who evangelized Carantania , the legendary St. Brictius von Heiligenblut , St. Hildegard von Stein and St. Hemma from Gurk . It follows the hll. Donatus , Johannes Nepomuk and Franz Xaver , who have no direct reference to Carinthia, but were strongly revered here. The saints stand on painted pilasters. The pilasters are connected by also painted baluster railings. The railing on the altar wall is interrupted by a staircase painted in perspective. The building inscription from 1743 is located here. The vault bears another fresco depicting a pseudo-architecture with a dome in which putti float.
St. Modestus, fresco by Fromiller
St. Hemma
literature
- Siegfried Hartwagner: Klagenfurt city (= Austrian art monograph. Volume X). Verlag St. Peter, Salzburg 1980, ISBN 3-900173-26-5 , pp. 79-81.
- Dehio Handbook Carinthia. 2nd Edition. Anton Schroll, Vienna 1981, ISBN 3-7031-0522-4 , p. 286.
- Wilhelm Deuer: The Klagenfurt Castle, History - Functional Change - Tour . Publishing house of the Kärntner Landesarchiv, Klagenfurt 2012, ISBN 978-3-900531-85-0 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Nadja Danglmaier, Helge Stromberger: Tat-Orte. Show places. Remembrance work at the sites of National Socialist violence in Klagenfurt . Drava Verlag / Založba Drava, Klagenfurt / Celovec, Vienna / Dunaj 2009, pp. 38–45.
Web links
- Entry via Klagenfurt - Burg auf Burgen-Austria
Coordinates: 46 ° 37 ′ 26.5 ″ N , 14 ° 18 ′ 36.5 ″ E