St. Martin (Klagenfurt am Wörthersee)

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12. Klagenfurt district
St. Martin
slow. Šmartin pri Celovcu- Otoče
surface 14.04 km²
Geographical location 46 ° 37 ′  N , 14 ° 17 ′  E Coordinates: 46 ° 37 ′  N , 14 ° 17 ′  E
height 455  m above sea level A.
(Parish Church of St. Martin)
Residents 21,510 (January 1, 2020)
1532 inhabitants per km²
Post Code 9020, 9022, 9023, 9025
Map of the districts of Klagenfurt
Map of the districts of Klagenfurt

St. Martin (also: St. Martin-Waidmannsdorf , Slov. Šmartin pri Celovcu- Otoče) is the 12th district of the state capital Klagenfurt am Wörthersee ( Austria ).

geography

St. Martin is located west of downtown Klagenfurt. In the west the district borders on the Wörthersee and the communities Krumpendorf and Maria Wörth , in the south the Glanfurt forms the border with the district Viktring , in the east the border runs along the line Rosentaler Straße - Wielegerasse - Schmelzhüttenstraße - Goethestraße - Bahnstraße - Humboldtstraße - Josef -Gruber-Straße - Egger-Lienz-Weg - Linsengasse - Adolf-Tschabuschnigg-Straße, north of the Kreuzbergl, further along the line Ziggullnstraße - Schloßweg - Feldkirchner Straße and runs in the north along the Trettnigstraße and the Falkenbergweg south of the village of Winklern and south of the Halleger Teiche nature reserve.

The highest elevations in the district are the Falkenberg (671 m), the Kalvarienberg (588 m) and the Zillhöhe (536 m).

history

St. Martin was an independent municipality until 1938, consisting of the localities of St. Martin and the now more populous and larger Waidmannsdorf, which was originally called Weitmannsdorf (1192 Witansdorf, 1248 Witensdorf, 1480 Weykersdorf, 1785 Weitensdorf, 1830 Weidmannsdorf) and as a "village des Witman "can be interpreted.

The municipality of St. Martin near Klagenfurt was incorporated into the city of Klagenfurt on October 15, 1938, together with part of the municipality of Krumpendorf (today's cadastral municipality of Gurlitsch I, which borders the lake) and small parts of the municipalities of Maria Wörth and Viktring on the Glanfurt. The municipality of Klagenfurt has only bordered the Wörthersee since this city expansion. (Gurlitsch II is a cadastral municipality in the neighboring municipality of Krumpendorf.)

In 1938 the National Socialists planned a Greater Klagenfurt and a redesign of the entire city area. However, because of the Second World War , it did not come to that.

With the establishment of the University of Klagenfurt , St. Martin has become a student center.

View of the state capital from the scrap maker
Zigguln Castle
Freyenthurn Castle
Maria-Loretto Castle

Josefinum

The Nazi regime expelled the nuns from the Josefinum in Josefinumgasse, who looked after mentally and physically handicapped children there. The home was built on the initiative of the teacher Maria Wratisch. The association “To found and maintain the Carinthian Idiots Institution” in Klagenfurt, founded in 1898, acquired the large property from bankruptcy assets in 1911 for 4,000 kroner and built the home on it. The Nazi regime transferred the property to the city in 1939. The British occupation forces confiscated the house in 1945 and only released it late. It was then available to the nurses for a long time before it had to be removed because it was dilapidated.

City expansion

At the beginning of the 1890s, the city of Klagenfurt was in a phase of change. Another urban expansion would create building land again and it would be possible to grow into the peripheral zones. The grounds between the Ostbahnhof and the future Völkermarkter Ring, the Lerchenfeld north of Linsengasse and the area at the foot of the Kreuzbergl were considered for construction.

The neighboring communities of St. Martin, St. Peter and St. Ruprecht affected by these plans had agreed to a change in the borders, a border inspection had taken place from December 15 to 17, 1891 and the state government announced on March 14, 1892 in accordance with the border inspection protocol the change of the territory of the municipality approved. This was generally announced with the addition that the time of activation and effectiveness of the new municipal boundaries would be announced at a later date. This was the case that same year and on January 1, 1893, the new city limits came into force.

On this occasion, the author Urban Ehrlich hastened to self-publish the latest city booklet in 1893 to take account of this memorable year of expansion and the incorporation of parts of the local communities of St. Martin, St. Peter and St. Ruprecht. He informed the readers that 51 hectares and 17 ares came to Klagenfurt from the local community St. Martin, 60 hectares and 24 ares from the local community St. Peter, 35 hectares and 51 ares from the local community St. Ruprecht and the tax community Waidmannsdorf 7 hectares and 75 ares. He describes the new city limits in the area of ​​the Kalvarienberg as follows: “Towards the west, the border begins on Feldkirchner Straße vis-à-vis Wanggo-Färber, runs along the path to under Zigguln Castle and below it on the path to lowest Kreuzberglteich, from there in a south-westerly direction to the Kreuzbergl, where it joins the path to the shooting range, so that the shooting range is still in the urban area, but the target positions are outside of it. From there the border stretches in a south-easterly direction to that of the vlg. Scheriau field path leading to the town and at the end of the field path it joins the path to St. Martin, from where it continues in some strange zigzag directions to the first Lend Canal bridge and there joins the southern railway line. "

Mantschemühle on the Glan

The miller used to be a subject of the lords Grafenstein and Ehrenhausen. From 1855 Johann Grimschitz was the owner.

The Mantschemühle originally belonged to the Mantschehof estate on the other side of the Glan. In the old days, the milling company was called Köglmühle (1544) and then Holzermühle (1622) after the respective owner families. The Vulgar designation Mantschemühle gave it the Mantsche von Liebenheim family. She kept this name until she was canceled. Johann Christian Mantsche was elevated to the nobility by the emperor in 1691 because of the services of his father as long-time paymaster on the Croatian military border and in 1698 was also admitted to the Carinthian estates. Around 1700 he acquired Mantschehof and Mantschemühle, but after a generation there was the next owner. At times, the mill was its own property, freely inheritable and salable. Johann Lainacher rebuilt the mill he had acquired in 1821 and built a residential and farm building on the other side of today's Feldkirchner Strasse. In 1823 he bought the adjacent Katzel or Tschurtschekeusche, which was already mentioned in a document in 1666. Lainacher's property was in three tax communities. The grinding mill in the village of Kalvarienberg between the road and the river belonged to KG Spitalmühle and consisted of pasture, meadow and a small garden. In the KG St. Martin near were the thatched Tschurtschekeusche, consisting of a stable, residential and farm buildings as well as the new Mantsche residential building. The property consisted of small pastures, a field and a bit of high forest. In the KG Ehrental there was a small field, three small meadow plots and a stomp. Lainacher had three cows, three mother pigs, two running pigs and two horses in the stable.

As a result, the acquis has been enlarged several times. Shortly before the outbreak of the First World War, the Mantschemüller had a large storage building (1912) built on his property. Then things went downhill on this old property and it went under the hammer in the late 1920s. The mill was spared the ultimate end, since it and the water rights were acquired from the miller Ignaz Kraßnig in 1929. He joined his business in a black bread bakery. As a tenant, he had homeland security in the warehouse building in the 1930s.

Kalvarienberg village

Although the village of Kalvarienberg was devoid of any center, as there was neither a community office nor a school nor a church, neither a police station nor a fire brigade (founded in 1924), the residents formed a community in cultural and social terms. Popular customs included the New Year's awakening with a music band, the carnival funeral and the two-day gun shooting at Easter. The Kalvarienberger had their church days with prize cones and later their fire balls with Glückshafen, their forest festivals above the Urabl quarry and on the Schleppealm, which lasted three days. The drag pond was available for ice skating, and people met to play ball on the Krainerwiese.

How did the Calvary see their world? Alfred Schlagg, born in 1920, experienced this area very consciously in the interwar period. The businesses and other branches of business that existed at the time made a special impression on him. And there were many of them. In key words: “Mantschemühle, Weiß sawmill and fruit press, Triebelnig wagons, Safertal gardeners, Schuhmann chicken farm, Willner glaziers, Wartburg restaurant, Bayer hairdressers, Tomaschitz general goods store, Gilch / Ronacher wagons, Wigisser carpentry, Sablitz carpentry, Wölbitsch and blacksmiths Farrier, tinsmith Huber, Gasthaus Puntschart with bowling alley ... "

Administrative division

St. Martin is divided into three cadastral communities and the listed localities.

  • Gurlitsch I:
    • Kohldorf, Waidmannsdorf (western part)
  • St. Martin near Klagenfurt: (Slov. Smartin pri Celovcu )
    • St. Martin (Slov. Smartin pri Celovcu )
  • Waidmannsdorf: (Slov. Otoce )
    • Waidmannsdorf (Slov. Otoce )

(Gurlitsch II is a cadastral municipality in the neighboring municipality of Krumpendorf.)

Population and religion

The St. Martin district is the most populous district of Klagenfurt, every fourth Klagenfurter lives here. Most of the residents live in the Waidmannsdorf district, where large housing estates were built (Kanaltaler Siedlung, Dag-Hammarskjöld -Siedlung).

Parishes and Churches

The district is divided into three Catholic parishes: St. Josef-Siebenhügel, Don Bosco and St. Martin. The northernmost part of the district on Kalvarienberg belongs to the parish of St. Hemma.

The district belongs to the district of the Protestant Johanneskirche .

Buildings and sights

Seepark Hotel on the Lend Canal
Schrot (ten) tower (Schrottenburg)

  • Hotel Woerthersee

  • Lakeside Park

  • Metnitz beach

  • Lido

Economy and Infrastructure

The St. Martin district is home to the University of Klagenfurt and the Pedagogical Academy, the Klagenfurt lido (one of the largest seaside resorts in Europe) with a campsite, Europapark (the largest park in Carinthia) and leisure center, the Klagenfurt pier, the St. Martin cemetery, the Wulfenia- Cinema, the Wörthersee Stadium built for the 2008 European Championships and the Klagenfurt Youth Hostel.

Former ÖDK administration

With the second nationalization law of 1947, the electricity management tasks in Carinthia were transferred to the Kärntner Elektrizitäts-Aktiengesellschaft (KELAG) and the Österreichische Draukraftwerke AG (ÖDK). The ÖDK built its administrative center on Kohldorfer Straße. In 1964, the artist Anton Mahringer created a huge mosaic of 30 square meters on the north wall of the entrance hall, which shows the landscapes of Carinthia with the company's power plants built in them ( listed ). However, the mosaic moved from the former ÖDK headquarters to the dining room of the KELAG headquarters in Klagenfurt's city center.

Personalities

literature

  • The area between St. Martin and Zigguln , Anton Kreuzer / Gerfried H. Menschen, Klagenfurt 2009, Kreuzer Buch, Einigkeitsstraße No. 3, 9020 Klagenfurt
  • The silting zone between the lake and the city , Anton Kreuzer / Gerfried H. Menschen / Wilfried R. Franz, Klagenfurt 2009, Kreuzer Buch, Einigkeitsstraße No. 3, 9020 Klagenfurt

Web links

Commons : St. Martin (Klagenfurt am Wörthersee)  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

supporting documents

  1. ↑ Statistics Austria: Population on January 1st, 2020 by locality (area status on January 1st, 2020) , ( CSV )
  2. ↑ Kleine Zeitung, March 5, 2016