Adele Sandrock

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Adele Sandrock
Adele and Wilhelmine Sandrock, 1885
Berlin memorial plaque, Leibnizstr. 60 in Berlin - Charlottenburg (with wrong year of birth)
Memorial plaque on Leibnizstrasse 60, in Berlin-Charlottenburg (with the wrong year of birth)

Adele Caroline Sandrock , also Adèle Caroline Sandrock (born August 19, 1863 in Rotterdam , † August 30, 1937 in Berlin ), was a Dutch-German actress .

Beginnings

Adele Sandrock was the third child of the German businessman Eduard Othello Sandrock (1834-1897) and the Dutch actress Johanna Simonetta ten Hagen (1833-1917). The parents had married in Amsterdam on December 20, 1860, but their first child, Wilhelmine Sandrock , was born in Rotterdam on February 5, 1861. Adele grew up with Wilhelmine and her brother Christian Sandrock (1862–1924) in Rotterdam and, after their parents were divorced on November 15, 1869 in Rotterdam, from 1870 in Berlin, where they found an apartment on Kurfürstenstrasse (Berlin- Tiergarten) No. 144.

As a young girl, Adele was hardly interested in school. Like her mother, she loved the theater and was even expelled from school for lack of excuse. At the age of fifteen, she made her debut in 1878 at the Berlin suburban theater Urania under the name Miss d'Artoit in the role of Selma in the comedy Mother and Son by Charlotte Birch-Pfeiffer .

In a theater in Berlin she got to know the Meininger and was fascinated by their playing style. She drove to Meiningen with borrowed money , auditioned the role of Luise in Schiller's Cabal and Love and received a three-year contract. This was followed by further engagements in Moscow , Wiener Neustadt and Budapest, among others . Even Adolph L'Arronge , theater director and playwright, was impressed by her talent.

Vienna and Berlin

Her breakthrough came in 1889 with the leading role of Isabella in The Clémenceau case by Alexandre Dumas and Armand d'Artois at the Theater an der Wien . Her strengths have been modern roles from the start ( Henrik Ibsen , Arthur Schnitzler ).

From 1889 to 1895 she played at the Deutsches Volkstheater in Vienna. She met the poet Arthur Schnitzler in 1893 and had a close relationship with him. The two were lovers for two years. The relationship was characterized by whims and a constant change of attitudes. In his works Reigen , Halbzwei and Haus Delorme , Schnitzler used his memories of Adele Sandrock. Their intimate correspondence was published as a book in 1975.

Sandrock became a stage star in Vienna, but caused some scandals due to her turbulent private life and her breach of contract. She was temporarily engaged to the writer Alexander Roda Roda . From 1895 to 1898 she worked at the Burgtheater like her older sister Wilhelmine Sandrock . Hugo Thimig wrote about her departure in his diary on October 16, 1898: “For a change, we have another Sandrock affair. Little Adelchen, who probably has favorable applications from Berlin, wants to leave and makes a scandal on a lying basis. In Schnitzler's "Legacy" she claimed to have received the Hohenfels mother. But she got a lady of 36 years, the mother of Medelsky (whom she was already in 'Wildente'), and who is still believed to have a relationship with a younger man. Then she is furious that she does not play the 'virgin'! With a look at Miss Sandrock, that doesn't need any further comment. ”And on October 20th:“ Miss. Adele Sandrock was dismissed from the Burgtheater association at her rude request. Despite her strong talent, she was not an asset to us. ”After a European tour, she worked again at the Deutsches Volkstheater in Vienna from 1902 to 1905, but was unable to build on her previous great successes.

In 1905 she moved to Berlin, where she played at Max Reinhardt's Deutsches Theater until 1910 . Since then there has been a kink in her career.

Movie star

From 1911 she took on her first roles in silent films . In 1920 she celebrated major successes on stage for the first time and played the comic old woman with strong pathos , especially in comedies (e.g. by Oscar Wilde ), shaped the type of the stubborn in-law or grandmother or the tyrannical old lady. In the sound film she was able to live out her comic talent to the full from 1930 and became more famous for posterity than through her successful theater roles. Because of her distinctive tinny deep voice she was also called "the General".

End of life and burial

Grave of the Sandrock family

Many high-ranking personalities kept in touch with Adele Sandrock, especially in her later years, including the great theater lover Tsar Ferdinand I of Bulgaria. Unmarried all her life, she lived with her sister Wilhelmine in an apartment in Berlin-Charlottenburg , Leibnizstr. 60. There she died on August 30, 1937 of the sequelae of a femoral neck fracture that she had suffered in April 1936 (it was treated surgically in the Charité by Ferdinand Sauerbruch , with whom she was on a duel) and from which she never recovered. On September 4, 1937, an official funeral service took place in the Berlin theater on Saarlandstrasse , after which the coffin was transferred to Vienna in the presence of Wilhelmine Sandrock. The three-car overpass made its way from Berlin to Vienna on September 6, 1937 at the main square in Linz for an hour, which attracted the attention of many passers-by.

During the public laying out on September 7th in the church of the Matzleinsdorfer Friedhof in Vienna, next to Adele's coffin, there was a second one on the catafalk that contained the remains of the father, mother and aunt, who was buried in a family grave until she was exhumed the day before had been. According to Adele Sandrock's last will, her father and mother (who died 40 and 20 years earlier, respectively) were buried next to her in a crypt that Wilhelmine Sandrock had bought.

At the funeral ceremony reserved for invited guests on September 8, 1937, representatives of official Austria , the German Reich and the Netherlands from artistic life and a. Else Wohlgemuth , Otto Tressler , Paul Morgan and Jack Trevor were present. Ex-Emperor Wilhelm and Reich Chancellor Hitler had sent wreaths. On Adele's coffin lay a large flower cross with the inscription: "I was loyal to you until death, your loving sister Wilhelmine". At the grave, u. a. Burgtheater director Hermann Röbbeling , Ernst Nadherny , Josefine Kramer-Glöckner and Heinz Hanus Words of Remembrance.

The location of the grave site in the cemetery is described with group 18, crypt 165 .

Post fame

Adele Sandrock is known to many cinema and theater fans to this day and is in line with other great actors of the people, such as Heinz Rühmann or Hans Moser . Other actresses of a similar type are often compared to her. The comparably eccentric British actress Margaret Rutherford was often called the “English Adele Sandrock” in Germany .

According to Adele Sandrock, u. a. Streets (e.g. Adele-Sandrock-Straße in Berlin-Hellersdorf ) have been named. In the 1960s and 1970s, the Adele-Sandrock-Studio Baden-Baden u. a. literary speech records .

In a special exhibition from October 1997 to January 1998, the Reiss-Engelhorn-Museums in Mannheim documented the life and work of the actress.

Publications

  • Adele Sandrock and Robert Eysler : Retaliation . Play in four acts . Reproduced as a manuscript, A. Ent , Berlin 1900.
  • Adele Sandrock: From my life . In: On the beautiful blue Danube, 1890, no. 6, pp. 137–138. On-line

List of stage roles

Filmography (selection)

Audio documents

Odeon O-11 859 a and b (mxx. Be 10 304 and 10 305-2) Aunt Adele at the widows' ball, 1st and 2nd part. Adele Sandrock with Alexa von Porembsky and Hubert von Meyerinck . Up. in Berlin, April 1933.

“Aunt Adele at the Widows' Ball” is the only record of the comedian at Odeon that was regularly on the market.

Radio plays about her relationship with Arthur Schnitzler

literature

Web links

Commons : Adele Sandrock  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Adele Sandrock: My life . Ed .: Wilhelmine Sandrock. Blanvalet, Berlin 1940, p. 13 ( Google Books ).
  2. ↑ Rotterdam City Archives openarch.nl .
    In two publications by Bärbel Schrader and Jürgen Schebera, which appeared in the GDR in 1987, one finds Adele Sandrock - as far as recognizable for the first time - in the register as Sandrock, Adele, actually Adele Feldern-Förster . No justification was given for this. Still, it caught on. In 1989 an article began in the Ostberliner Weltbühne : "Adele Feldern-Förster, called Sandrock [...]". Accordingly, from March 13, 2006 to February 28, 2014, Wikipedia said that Adele Sandrock was born as Adele Feldern-Forster. The register of the Tucholsky Complete Edition published by Rowohlt from 1996 also speaks of Sandrock, Adele; di A. Field Forester . However, all of this is irrelevant, since there is insufficient reason to assume that Adele and her siblings did not have the family name Sandrock of their married father since they were born, as noted in the registers of the Rotterdam registry office ( openarch.nl ) . See also Mara Feldern-Forster .
  3. ↑ openarch.nl
  4. ↑ openarch.nl
  5. ↑ openarch.nl
  6. ↑ openarch.nl
  7. ↑ Adele Sandrock: My Life . Ed .: Wilhelmine Sandrock. Blanvalet, Berlin 1940, p. 30 books.google
  8. ↑ Adele Sandrock: My Life . Ed .: Wilhelmine Sandrock. Blanvalet, Berlin 1940, p. 33 books.google
  9. ↑ Adele Sandrock, Arthur Schnitzler; Renate Wagner (Hrsg.): Dilly: Story of a love in letters, pictures and documents . Amalthea, Vienna / Munich 1975, ISBN 3-85002-063-0 .
  10. ↑ Hugo Thimig tells , selected and introduced by Franz Hadamovsky, Böhlau, Graz-Cologne 1962, p. 137.
  11. ↑ Hans-Joachim Böttcher: Ferdinand von Sachsen-Coburg and Gotha 1861-1948 - A cosmopolitan on the Bulgarian throne . Osteuropazentrum Berlin-Verlag (Anthea Verlagsgruppe), Berlin 2019, ISBN 978-3-89998-296-1 , p. 350 .
  12. ^ Ferdinand Sauerbruch, Hans Rudolf Berndorff : That was my life. Kindler & Schiermeyer, Bad Wörishofen 1951; cited: Licensed edition for Bertelsmann Lesering, Gütersloh 1956, p. 362 f.
  13. ^ Friedrich Weissensteiner : Egocentric and extravagant . Wiener Zeitung 17./18. August 2013. wienerzeitung.at
  14. ↑ The conversion Adele Sandrock to Vienna. In: Neue Freie Presse , Abendblatt, September 2, 1937, p. 8 middle
  15. ^ Stay in Linz. In: Neue Freie Presse , Morgenblatt, September 7, 1937, p. 8, center right
  16. ↑ The conversion Adele Sandrock to Vienna. In: Neue Freie Presse , Morgenblatt, September 7, 1937, p. 8, top right
  17. ↑ Adele Sandrock's last trip. In: Neues Wiener Journal , September 9, 1937, p. 5, left
  18. ↑ The funeral of Adele Sandrock. In: Neue Freie Presse , Morgenblatt, September 9, 1937, p. 8
  19. ↑ knerger.de: The grave of Adele Sandrock
  20. ^ "Sandrock-Schau" in the Pforzheimer Zeitung of October 23, 1997, p. 19
  21. ^ (Old) City Theater Baden near Vienna , Spielwinter 1897/1898. - In: On the death of Adele Sandrock. Badener Zeitung, September 4, 1937, p. 2, bottom center.
  22. ↑ listen on youtube
personal data
SURNAME Sandrock, Adele
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Sandrock, Adele Caroline (full name); Sandrock, Adele Caroline
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Dutch actress
DATE OF BIRTH August 19, 1863
PLACE OF BIRTH Rotterdam
DATE OF DEATH August 30, 1937
Place of death Berlin