Maria Beatrix of Savoy
Maria Beatrix Viktoria Josephine of Savoy (born December 6, 1792 in Turin , † September 15, 1840 in Castello del Catajo ) was Duchess of Modena from 1814 until her death through marriage to Franz von Österreich-Este .
Life
Maria Beatrix was born as the eldest daughter of Viktor Emanuel I , King of Sardinia-Piedmont since 1802 , and his wife Maria Theresa of Austria-Este in Turin. In December 1798 she left Turin with her parents and uncles because of Napoleon's wars and fled with them first to Parma , then to Florence . The family eventually settled in Sardinia , the last territory claimed by the Kingdom of Sardinia . Maria Beatrix stayed mostly in Cagliari for the next 13 years .
On June 20, 1812, Maria Beatrix married her maternal uncle, Archduke Franz of Austria-Este, after a dispensation granted by Pope Pius VII in Cagliari . On July 15, 1813 left with her husband of Sardinia and came over Zakynthos , Vis , Rijeka and Trieste to Vienna . After the fall of Napoleon in 1814, the couple was able to return. Maria Beatrix's husband became Francis IV Duke of Modena and Reggio on July 14, 1814 and made the ceremonial entry into Modena with his wife the next day . Due to the invasion of Joachim Murat during Napoleon's reign of the Hundred Days , the couple had to leave Modena again by May 15, 1815. Maria Beatrix and her husband had four children together:
- Maria Theresa (1817–1886), ∞ Henri d'Artois, comte de Chambord
- Franz V (1819–1875), ∞ Adelgunde Auguste of Bavaria
- Ferdinand Karl (1821–1849), ∞ Elisabeth Franziska Maria of Austria
- Maria Beatrix (1824–1906), married to Johann , Infante of Spain
Maria Beatrix was a descendant of the Stuarts . She was therefore regarded by the Jacobites as the holder of the British throne after the death of her father (1824) and referred to by them as Mary II, Queen of England, Scotland, Ireland and France. However, she has never publicly claimed this title.
At the beginning of February 1831 Maria Beatrix had to flee Modena again for a short time as a result of the outbreak of a revolution with her family, but was repatriated about a month later with Austrian military support. She died of heart failure on September 15, 1840 at the age of 47 and was buried in the Chiesa di San Vincenzo in Modena. Her position as heiress of the House of Stuart passed to her son Franz.
literature
- Elena Bianchini Braglia: Maria Beatrice Vittoria. Rivoluzione e Risorgimento tra Estensi e Savoia . Edizioni TEI, Modena 2004.
- Cesare Galvani: Brevi cenni biografici intorno l'altezza reale di Maria Beatrice Vittoria principessa di Savoja arciduchessa d'Austria . Camera, Modena 1850.
- Maria Beatrix , in: Brigitte Hamann (Ed.): Die Habsburger (1988), p. 311.
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Habsburg, Maria Beatrix (royal princess of Sardinia) . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 7th part. Imperial-Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1861, p. 42 ( digital copy ).
Web links
- CV (English)
- Albano Sorbelli: BEATRICE di Savoia, duchessa di Modena , in: Enciclopedia Italiana (1930) online
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Viktor I. | Mary II, Jacobite heir 1824–1840 |
Francis I. |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Savoy, Maria Beatrix of |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Savoy, Maria Beatrix Viktoria Josephine von |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | by marriage to the Duchess of Modena |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 6, 1792 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Turin |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 15, 1840 |
| Place of death | Catajo Castle |