Hermann von Wedel-Jarlsberg

Johann Kaspar Hermann Graf von Wedel-Jarlsberg (born September 21, 1779 in Montpellier , † August 27, 1840 in Wiesbaden ) was a Norwegian politician and statesman.

Johann Kaspar Hermann Graf von Wedel-Jarlsberg

Life

Herman Wedel Jarlsberg around 1805, painted by Christian Horneman .

Wedel-Jarlsberg memorial on Dronningberget on Bygdøy in Oslo , created by the sculptor Hans Michelsen , 1845.

Hermann von Wedel-Jarlsberg was brought up in England and studied law , political science and philology in Copenhagen and graduated in 1801 with the state examination in law. He then became an assessor and secretary in the Danish Finance Commission. In 1806 he was commissioned to reorganize the poor system in Norway, which at that time still belonged to Denmark. Influenced by the ideas of the French Revolution and as a liberal, he initially strived for a constitution, but soon, in 1808, turned to the independence efforts of Norwegian patriots. Since 1809 he advocated the establishment of a Kingdom of Norway, independent of Denmark, under Prince Christian Friedrich as king. In the war with Sweden 1808-1809 he formed and led his own volunteer corps .

After the death of his father, he inherited the county of Jarlsberg on the Gulf of Christiania . He also inherited a large fortune from the family of his father-in-law Peder Anker , mainly consisting of meadows and forests around Christiania, today's Oslo. In 1812 Hermann von Wedel-Jarlsberg rebuilt his mansion in Jarlsberg ( Jarlsberg Hovedgård ) in the Empire style and had a large landscaped park laid out.

In 1810 he joined the local Norwegian administration within the Danish civil service and became a bailiff in Buskerud near Drammen . The efforts for an independent kingdom of Norway were interrupted by the war against Sweden (Sweden belonged to the anti-Napoleonic coalition, while Denmark was allied with Napoleon and after his defeat Denmark was also one of the losers). As a result, Denmark had to cede Norway to Sweden in the Peace of Kiel in 1814 and Denmark-Norway was separated. Wedel-Jarlsberg now became the leader of the Union Party, which advocated unification with Sweden, and was a member of the Imperial Assembly at which the unification was decided. In this context he declared himself to be a member of the first extraordinary storting in Oslo for an association with Sweden and was appointed by the king to the Norwegian State Council and head of the finance , trade and customs department after it had come into being.

In 1822 he was a member of a commission that was supposed to standardize imperial law. In the same year he was charged with a government loan contracted to Berlin before the Reichsgericht, but acquitted, he withdrew on the goods tanned by his father, especially the feudal county Jarlsberg. He remained politically active, however, and was elected several times to the Storting , the Norwegian parliament, and in 1836 the Swedish crown raised him to governor of Norway with the power of a viceroy . Wedel-Jarlsberg founded the Norwegian National Association (Den Norske Nationalforening) based on the model of the Prussian Tugendbund with the name Selskabet for Norges Vel = Society for the Welfare of Norway.

Origin and family environment

Herman Graf von Wedel-Jarlsberg (Danish Lensgreve (Lehnsgraf) von Jarlsberg) came from the German Wedel family belonging to the Stormarn Uradel , who first appeared in 1212 with Heinricus, Hasso and Reinbernus de Wedele. The sex spread over the centuries over Germany, Denmark and Norway. Gustav Wilhelm von Wedel (1641-1717), Danish field marshal , became a Danish count in 1684, who was then enfeoffed with the Lehnsgrafschaft Jarlsberg in Norway , after which he and his descendants who lived in Norway were named Wedel-Jarlsberg. He himself was the eldest son of the Danish diplomat and minister Friedrich Anton (II.) Von Wedel-Jarlsberg (1748–1811) and his wife Christiania Cathrine Storm (1756–1802). The Norwegian lieutenant general and later commander in chief of the army Ferdinand Wedel-Jarlsberg (1781-1857) was his brother. Hermann was born on September 26, 1779 in Montpellier and died on August 27, 1840 in Wiesbaden during a stay at a spa .

family

He was married to Karen Christiane Andrea Anker († 27 August 1840), the daughter and only child of the Norwegian Prime Minister and landowner Peder Anker , since May 19, 1807 . The couple had the following children:

• Herman (March 23, 1818 - August 3, 1888) ⚭ Catharine Conradine Wilhelmine Heftye
• Caroline (December 15, 1815 - January 1, 1840) ⚭ Otto Joachim Løvenskiold
• Harald (February 10, 1811 - January 4, 1897) ⚭ Elise Frederikke Butenschøn (April 12, 1820 - January 10, 1868)
• Cathrine Elisabeth (December 2, 1812 - March 2, 1821)
• Daughter (April 7, 1808 - August 3, 1808)
• Peder Anker (* May 8, 1809; † June 23, 1893) ⚭ Hedevig Betzy Anette Sigismunda Anker (* March 19, 1819; † February 12, 1879)

literature

• Hermann von Wedel-Jarlsberg . In: Meyers Konversations-Lexikon . 4th edition. Volume 16, Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1885–1892, p. 469.
• Yngvar Nielsen: Wedel (Jarlsberg), Johan Caspar Herman . In: Carl Frederik Bricka (Ed.): Dansk biografisk Lexikon. Tillige omfattende Norge for Tidsrummet 1537-1814. 1st edition. tape 18 : Ubbe – Wimpffen . Gyldendalske Boghandels Forlag, Copenhagen 1904, p. 325–333 (Danish, runeberg.org ).
• Genealogical manual of the nobility. Volume GX, Wedel article, p. 483 ff.
• Yngvar Nielsen : Lensgreve Johan Caspar Herman Wedel Jarlsberg. Finn boken 1901–1902, 3 B.
• Sverre Steen : Grev Wedels stattholdertid. Finn boken 1972, ISBN 82-02-00007-6 .
• Wedel-Jarlsberg. 1. Johan Caspar Herman . In: John Rosén (Ed.): Nordisk familjebok konversationslexikon och realencyklopedi . 1st edition. tape 17 : V-Väring . Gernandts boktryckeri, Stockholm 1893, Sp. 447-450 (Swedish, runeberg.org ).
• Hermann von Wedel-Jarlsberg on snl.no in the store norske leksikon (Norwegian)
• Hermann von Wedel-Jarlsberg on nbl.snl.no in Norsk biografisk leksikon (Norwegian)

Web links

Commons : Herman Wedel-Jarlsberg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Family tree at royalblood.co.uk (English)
• Herman Wedel Jarlsberg Governor-General 1836–1840 on regjeringen.no (English)
• Family genealogy on vestraat.net (English)

Individual evidence

1. ^ Yngvar Nielsen: Wedel (Jarlsberg), Johan Caspar Herman . In: Carl Frederik Bricka (Ed.): Dansk biografisk Lexikon. Tillige omfattende Norge for Tidsrummet 1537-1814. 1st edition. tape 18 : Ubbe – Wimpffen . Gyldendalske Boghandels Forlag, Copenhagen 1904, p. 326 (Danish, runeberg.org ).
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Hildor Arnold Barton: Sweden and visions of Norway: politics and culture, 1814-1905 . SIU Press, 2003, ISBN 0-8093-2441-5 (English, books.google.com ).
3. ↑ ^{a b} Sem kongsgård - Jarlsberg hovedgård . In: Sem og Slagen - en bygdebok. Farm history . tape 1 . Høgskolen i Vestfold, Tønsberg 2002 (Norwegian, bib.hive.no [accessed April 3, 2014]). bib.hive.no ( Memento of the original from March 3, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
4. ^ Genealogical handbook of the nobility. Volume GX, CA Starke-Verlag, Limburg, 1981, p. 483.
5. ^ Genealogical handbook of the nobility. Volume GX, CA Starke-Verlag, Limburg, 1981, p. 487.
6. ^ Yngvar Nielsen: Wedel (Jarlsberg), Frederik Anton . In: Carl Frederik Bricka (Ed.): Dansk biografisk Lexikon. Tillige omfattende Norge for Tidsrummet 1537-1814. 1st edition. tape 18 : Ubbe – Wimpffen . Gyldendalske Boghandels Forlag, Copenhagen 1904, p. 317 (Danish, runeberg.org ).
7. ^ Yngvar Nielsen: Wedel (Jarlsberg), Johan Caspar Herman . In: Carl Frederik Bricka (Ed.): Dansk biografisk Lexikon. Tillige omfattende Norge for Tidsrummet 1537-1814. 1st edition. tape 18 : Ubbe – Wimpffen . Gyldendalske Boghandels Forlag, Copenhagen 1904, p. 325–333 (Danish, runeberg.org - here pp. 325 and 333).