Gideon Spicker

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Grave of Gideon Spicker in Mittelzell (Reichenau Island)

Gideon Spicker (born January 25, 1840 in Reichenau , Baden , † July 18, 1912 in Münster in Westphalia ) was a German religious philosopher .

Life

After attending primary school, Gideon Spicker worked in his parents' agriculture and winegrowing business; he had four siblings. From 1857 to 1861 he had private lessons, interrupted by attending the Konstanz Lyceum (1858-1859) and the Benedictine high school in Einsiedeln Abbey (1860-1861). In 1861 he joined the religious order of the Capuchins on the Wesemlin in Lucerne , was given the religious name of Frater German and studied philosophy and moral theology in Freiburg im Breisgau and Solothurn . In 1864 he resigned from the order.

From 1865 he first studied theology, especially with Johannes Nepomuk Huber and Ignaz von Döllinger at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich , and later philosophy, especially with Carl von Prantl . In 1868 he was with the award-winning thesis "Life and Teaching of Peter Pomponatius " at Prantl to Dr. phil. PhD. In 1870 he completed his habilitation with Jakob Sengler at the Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg and taught as a private lecturer .

In 1875 he was appointed associate professor of philosophy in Freiburg. During his time in Freiburg he created the “Freiburg Trilogy” with the writings “The Philosophy of the Count of Shaftesbury” (1872), “On the Relationship of Science to Philosophy” (1874) and “Kant, Hume and Berkeley” (1875).

In 1876 he was offered a full professorship for philosophy at the Münster Academy (from 1902: Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster ), which he pursued until his death in 1912. During his time in Münster he created the “Münster Trilogy” with “The Causes of the Decline of Philosophy in Old and New Times” (1892), “The Battle of Two World Views” (1898) and “An Attempt at a New Concept of God” (1902) as well as “ From the monastery to the academic teaching post ”(1908).

One of his students was Edmund Max Stengel . Spicker's work has been re-examined and edited since around 1990.

Work and reception

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Under the influence of Carl von Prantl , Spicker took a stand against the dogma of infallibility and initially broke with religion. The spatial distance also led to an intellectual distancing from Prantl. His book on Shaftesbury (1872) was still strongly influenced by Prantl as a radical rejection of religion and metaphysics; however, Spicker increasingly turned to anthropology and then back to religion.

Spicker is considered a Neuthomist and critic of the faith in the church. Like Franz Jakob Clemens , he tried to reconcile philosophy and religion. He also campaigned for a connection between theism and pantheism . Spicker's life themes were the "question of God" and the " immortality of the soul".

Spicker strived for a "religion in a philosophical form on a scientific basis", whereby he understood the conflict between belief and knowledge, as well as between religion and natural science, as a basic problem. His ideal encompassed the unity of God and the world as self-responsible human knowledge using reason and experience.

Tombstone

On his tombstone in the cemetery at St. Maria and Markus Minster in Reichenau-Mittelzell on the island of Reichenau are the words:

“Dubius vixi, non impius. Incertus morior, non perturbatus.
Humanum est nescire et errare. Ens entium, miserere mei! "

“I've lived in doubt, but not godless; I die in uncertainty, but not very worried.
Our lot is ignorance and error. Beings of all beings, have mercy on me! "

honors and awards

Works

Original editions and contributions

  • Life and teaching of Petrus Pomponatius . Dissertation, Munich 1868
  • The philosophy of the Earl of Shaftesbury with introduction and criticism of the relation of religion to philosophy and philosophy to science , Freiburg i. B. 1872
  • On the relation of natural science to philosophy. With special consideration of the Kantian Critique of Pure Reason and the History of Materialism by Albert Lange , Berlin 1874
  • Kant, Hume and Berkeley. A Critique of Epistemology , Berlin 1875
  • Man and animal. A psychological-metaphysical treatise with special consideration for Carl v. Prantl's reform thoughts on logic . In: Journal for Philosophy and Philosophical Criticism, New Series 69/2, 1876, pp. 193–270
  • Lessing's Weltanschauung , Leipzig 1883
  • The causes of the decline of philosophy in old and new times , Leipzig 1892
  • The battle between two worldviews. A Critique of Old and New Philosophy, Including Christian Revelation , Stuttgart 1898
  • Attempt of a new concept of God , Stuttgart 1901
  • From the monastery to the academic teaching post. Fate of a former Capuchin , Stuttgart 1908
    • 2nd, significantly expanded edition, ed. by Otto Krummacher, Münster 1914
  • At the turning point of the Christian world period. Philosophical confession of a former Capuchin , Stuttgart 1910.

Revisions

  • At the turning point of the Christian world period. Philosophical confession of a former Capuchin , ed. v. Harald Schwaetzer (= Philosophical Texts and Studies 47), Olms, Hildesheim 1998, ISBN 978-3-487-10748-6
  • Lessing's Weltanschauung , reprint of the 1883 edition, ed. v. Henning Herrmann-Trentepohl, Roderer, Regensburg 2006, ISBN 978-3-89783-541-2
  • About the relationship between religion and science. Small writings , ed., Included. u. come over. v. AM Gehlen u. H. Schwaetzer, Roderer, Regensburg 2003, ISBN 978-3-89783-420-0
  • On the relationship between natural science and philosophy - Kant, Hume and Berkeley , reprint of the editions of 1874/75, ed. v. Harald Schwaetzer (= texts on early Neo-Kantianism 4), Olms, Hildesheim 2006, ISBN 978-3-487-13243-3
  • The causes of the decline of philosophy in old and new times , reprint of the edition from 1892, Roderer, Regensburg 2002, ISBN 978-3-89783-287-9
  • From the monastery to the academic teaching post. Fates of a former Capuchin , ed. v. Harald Schwaetzer u. Henrieke Stahl-Schwaetzer, Roderer, Regensburg 1999, ISBN 978-3-89783-094-3 ; third, updated edition, 2013

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Entry Gideon Spicker (leo BW). In: Baden-Württemberg State Archives. April 20, 2019. Retrieved April 20, 2019 .
  2. ↑ a b Heinrich Straubinger: A new concept of God. In: Philosophisches Jahrbuch PJ22, pp. 421 - 444. Retrieved April 20, 2019 .
  3. ↑ a b c Schwaetzer, Harald, "Spicker, Gideon" in: Neue Deutsche Biographie 24 (2010), pp. 676–677. In: New German Biography. April 20, 2019. Retrieved April 20, 2019 .
  4. ↑ Second Gideon Spicker Symposium - Review ( Memento of the original from September 10, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . There is also a picture of the tombstone. - Retrieved September 9, 2014 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kirstin-zeyer.de
personal data
SURNAME Spicker, Gideon
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German religious philosopher
DATE OF BIRTH January 25, 1840
PLACE OF BIRTH Reichenau
DATE OF DEATH July 18, 1912
Place of death Muenster