Pavel Efimovich Dybenko
Pavel Dybenko ( Russian Павел Ефимович Дыбенко ; Ukrainian Дибенко Павло Юхимович , * 16 . Jul / 28. February 1889 greg. In Ljudkowo , Chernigov Governorate , Russian Empire , now Novosybkov , Oblast Bryansk ; † 29. July 1938 in Moscow ) was a Russian revolutionary , Soviet naval officer and member of the first Soviet government in the Council of People's Commissars .
Life
Since 1907 Dybenko was active in the revolutionary movement of Russia. In 1911 he was drafted into the Baltic Fleet and in 1915 was one of the leaders of the sailors' uprising on the ship of the line Imperator Pavel I. He had been a member of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party since 1912 . After the February Revolution of 1917 he was a member of the Helsingfors Soviet . In April 1917 became the chairman of ZENTROBALT . Beginning of July to 4th of July / September 17, 1917 greg. he was held in prison by the Provisional Government . From jul. / October 16, 1917 greg. he directed the centrobalt again.
As a member of the Petrograd Revolutionary Military Committee , he took an active part in the preparation and implementation of the October Uprising in Petrograd . He directed the formation of detachments of revolutionary sailors and combat ships and their relocation to the capital. He commanded the revolutionary forces in the area of Krasnoye Selo and Gatchina in crushing the Krasnov uprising. From October 26th Jul. / November 8, 1917 greg. until March 1918 Dybenko belonged to the first Soviet government ( Council of People's Commissars ) as People's Commissar for military and naval affairs. Dybenko was married to Alexandra Kollontai .
During the German intervention, he commanded a department at Narva . In the summer of 1918 he was doing illegal party work in Crimea and Ukraine . In 1919 he was appointed People's Commissar for the Soviet Crimean Republic. During the civil war from 1918 to 1920, Dybenko commanded units of the Red Army in the Ukraine, Crimea, near Tsaritsyn (now Volgograd ) and in the North Caucasus . From 1928 to 1938 he was the commander of the troops of some military districts .
After the civil war in Russia he devoted himself to building up the Soviet fleet . After graduating from the Military Academy in 1922, he commanded various units such as B. also the Leningrad Military District. With the rank of commander 2nd rank , Dybenko was a deputy of the Supreme Soviet . He was awarded the Order of the Red Banner three times .
Dybenko was launched in June 1937 as a military judge at the Moscow military process against Marshal Tukhachevsky and other senior generals in part, were sentenced in which all defendants to death. A short time later he too fell out of favor with Stalin . In 1938 he was arrested in a show trial also sentenced to death and executed . Twenty years after his death, he was rehabilitated .
literature
- Donald Rayfield: Stalin and his hangmen ("Stalin and his hangmen"). Blessing Verlag, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-89667-181-2 , p. 323
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Dybenko, Pavel Efimovich |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Дыбенко, Павел Ефимович (Russian) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian revolutionary and Soviet naval officer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 28, 1889 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Lyudkowo, Chernigov Governorate , today Novosybkow , Bryansk Oblast |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 29, 1938 |
| Place of death | Moscow |