Viktor Jakowlewitsch Bunjakowski

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Viktor Jakowlewitsch Bunjakowski

Viktor Bunyakovsky ( Russian Виктор Яковлевич Буняковский ; born December 3 . Jul / 15. December  1804 greg. In Bar , Podolia Governorate , † November 30 jul. / 12. December  1889 greg. In Saint Petersburg ) was a Russian mathematician .

Career

Wiktor Jakowlewitsch Bunjakowski studied mathematics in Coburg , Lausanne and Paris from 1820 to 1825 . He received his doctorate in Paris in 1825. His most important teacher was Augustin-Louis Cauchy . After returning to Petersburg (1826), he became a member of the Academy of Sciences in Saint Petersburg in 1828 .

Here he took up a mathematical teaching activity, first at the 1st Cadet Corps (1827), then at the Marie Corps (1827–1862) and at the Wegebau-Institut from 1830 to 1846. From 1846 to 1858 he taught as a professor at the Petersburger University , from 1858 also commissioner of the Russian government for statistical and insurance matters.

Together with Michail Ostrogradski , he was one of the pioneers of the Russian mathematical school under Pafnuti Lwowitsch Chebyshev and made great contributions to the dissemination of mathematical literature in the Russian language. He mainly devoted himself to probability theory and statistics.

In 1846 he published his book based on the work of Siméon Denis Poisson and Pierre Simon Laplace on the fundamentals of probability theory, in which he presented the theory, its historical development and a variety of statistical applications. In a series of other works he devoted himself to population statistics, quota issues, the determination of observation errors and other statistical problems.

He also dealt with number theory , in particular he solved many special equations and gave a new proof for the quadratic reciprocity law . The open Bunjakowski conjecture comes from him .

Known, but not properly appreciated, his name is today primarily due to its integral inequality , which is important for functional analysis , the so-called Bunjakowsk inequality , which is usually referred to as Cauchy-Schwarz inequality . In fact, Bunjakowski's work is 50 years older than that of Herrmann Amandus Schwarz ; Bunjakowski published it in 1859 in a paper on inequalities between integrals.

At the same time, by translating Cauchy's work on analysis, he introduced Russian scholars to the advanced level of this discipline. He enriched geometry with his theory of parallels (1853).

Bunjakowski published a total of more than 150 papers in the fields of mathematics , especially number theory and probability theory , as well as mechanics .

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personal data
SURNAME Bunjakowski, Viktor Jakowlewitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Буняковский, Виктор Яковлевич (Russian); Bunjakovskij, Viktor J.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian mathematician
DATE OF BIRTH December 15, 1804
PLACE OF BIRTH bar
DATE OF DEATH December 12, 1889
Place of death St. Petersburg