Georg Michael Pachtler

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Georg Michael Pachtler SJ (also Michael Pachtler ; born September 14, 1825 in Mergentheim , Germany ; † August 12, 1889 at Exaten Castle near Baexem , Leudal , Netherlands ) was a German Jesuit, theologian , priest and educator . He also wrote under the pseudonyms Annuarius Osseg and Georgios Michalov .

Life

Georg Michael Pachtler attended high schools in Bad Mergentheim and in Rottweil , where he lived in the Konvikt . He then studied theology and philology for four years at the University of Tübingen and was a pupil at the Wilhelmsstift during this time . In 1848 he was ordained a priest in Rottenburg am Neckar . As a diocesan priest he was first a pastor in a village and from 1850 chaplain and preceptor in Weilderstadt . He later continued his studies in philology at the University of Munich , where he passed the state examination. In 1854 he became a teacher at a grammar school in Ellwangen , in 1855 he was transferred to Riedlingen as chaplain and preceptor .

In 1856 he joined the then the Jesuits to use the licensed monastery Gorheim in Sigmaringen in the novitiate one of the Jesuits. After its completion, he taught younger friars and continued studying theology and philosophy . From 1864 to 1869 he taught classical languages ​​at the Jesuit high school in Feldkirch . During this time he was field chaplain of the state riflemen from Vorarlberg in the Third Italian War of Independence in 1866 and from 1869 to 1870 military chaplain of a unit of German volunteers in the papal army.

After his return he worked on the realignment of the magazine of the German Jesuit Voices from Maria Laach (after 1914 Voices of the Time ) and became the first editor in 1871. After that he worked, among other things, as a pastor for factory workers in Essen . In 1872 he was expelled after the enactment of the Jesuit Law and worked mainly in Austria and in houses of the German Order Province in Limburg in the Netherlands. He was primarily active as a journalist, but also gave retreats for priests and lay people .

After suffering from diabetes for a year , he died on August 12, 1889 in the Jesuit branch of Exaten Castle in the Netherlands.

plant

Georg Michael Pachtler dealt in his works with liturgical, educational, and school and socio-political problems and issues as well as topics on Freemasonry, liberalism, the labor movement and militarism. He also wrote some polemical works.

His missal for the Catholic parishioner , published in 1854, is regarded , along with the Officium Divinum by Christoph Moufang, as a predecessor to Anselm Schott's missal and as a contribution to the use of the German language in the liturgy .

In Ellwangen in 1867 he wrote the treatise The Telegraphing of the Ancient Nations , in which he deals with the history of communications.

After his stay in Rome in 1869/1870 he dealt intensively with the Roman question and published several articles on it in Voices from Maria Laach . In his book The International Workers' Association , published in 1871 , he dealt with the history and work of the International . From 1872 to 1878 he published the Catholic calendar Der Hausfreund .

On Freemasonry he published, among other things, the books The Silent War of Freemasonry against the Throne and Altar. According to documents. (1873) and The Idol of Humanity or the Positive of Freemasonry. According to documents. (1875). Georg Michael Pachtler's attitude to Freemasonry is criticized by historians, such as Helmut Reinalter and Olaf Blaschke .

After the publication of the series of articles The Reform of Our High Schools (1879/1880 in Voices from Maria Laach , 1883 as a book), he was asked to contribute to the series Monumenta Germaniae Paedagogica , which was edited by Karl Kehrbach . Under the title Ratio studiorum et institutiones scholasticas Societatis Jesu per Germaniam olim vigentes collectae, concinnatae, dilucidatae , he put together four volumes, most of which contained unpublished documents by the Jesuits and were regarded as the standard work on the educational system of the Jesuits. Volume 4 was acquired by Bernhard Duhr after the death of Georg Michael Pachtler .

Through his book Der Europäische Militarismus , published in 1876, he is considered a founder of the criticism of militarism.

Fonts

  • Biographical notes about His Highness the most blessed Prince Alexander zu Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst , Bishop of Sardica. Kollmann, Augsburg 1850, OCLC 633027845 .
  • The hymns of the Catholic Church. Translated in meter. Kupferberg, Mainz 1853.
  • Missal for the Catholic parishioner. In Latin and German. Kupferberg, Mainz 1854. 9th edition 1890, OCLC 898586774 .
  • The Book of the Church from Palm Sundays to White Sundays. Or the Holy Week and Easter Week with all their acts of worship. Hurter, Schaffhausen 1854. 11th edition: Nationale Verlagsanstalt, Regensburg 1899. Further extended editions appeared after Pachtler's death, e. B. 21./22. Edition: Manz, Regensburg 1922, DNB 577919431 .
  • From Father Alexandre de Rhodes from the Society of Jesus Mission trips to China, Tonkin, Cochinchina and other Asian empires. Translated from the French by Georg Michael Pachtler. Herder, Freiburg i. Br. 1858, OCLC 65661367 ( digitized ).
  • Christianity in Tonkin and Cochinchina, today's Annam Empire, from its inception to the present. Edited from the French edition by Georg Michael Pachtler. Schöningh, Paderborn 1861, OCLC 16700260 ( digitized version ).
  • Telegraphing the ancient peoples. Wagner, Innsbruck 1867, OCLC 217641494 .
  • (Ed.): Acta et decreta sacrosancti et oecumenici Concilii Vaticani. Herder, Freiburg i. Br. 1871, OCLC 631260365 ( digitized version ).
  • The international workers' union. Fredebeul & Koenen, Essen 1871 ( digitized version ).
  • (Ed.): The house friend. Catholic calendar Herder, Freiburg i. Br. 1872-1876; Habbel, Amberg 1877-1878.
  • Freemasonry's silent war against the throne and the altar. According to documents. Herder, Freiburg i. Br. 1873, OCLC 13992886 . 2nd edition: The silent war against throne and altar or the negative of Freemasonry. Habbel, Amberg 1876, OCLC 494546817 ( digitized version ).
  • The idol of humanity or the positive of Freemasonry. According to documents. Herder, Freiburg i. Br. 1875, DNB 36228847X ( digitized version ).
  • as Annuarius Osseg: The hammer of Freemasonry on the imperial throne of the Habsburgs. Habbel, Amberg 1875, OCLC 781992585 ( digitized ).
  • as Annuarius Osseg: European militarism. Habbel, Amberg 1876 ( digitized version ).
  • as Annuarius Osseg: The liberal nationality swindle and the unified state. A warning to the peoples of Germany and Austria. Habbel, Amberg 1876, OCLC 1068582149 ( digitized version ).
  • as Annuarius Osseg: The spiritual servitude of peoples by the school monopoly of the modern state. Habbel, Amberg 1876, OCLC 1070781020 ( digitized version ).
  • as Georgios Michalov: The secret workshop of the Polish uprising of 1830. With highlights on Russia and France. Habbel, Amberg / Leipzig 1877, OCLC 1111983726 ( digitized ).
  • The divine right of the family and the Church to school. A word to the Christians in Germany. Kirchheim, Mainz 1879, OCLC 695768515 .
  • The reform of our high schools. Bonifacius, Paderborn 1883, OCLC 843248362 ( digitized ).
  • H. Schliemann's excavations in Troy. In: Voices from Maria Laach. Volume 26, 1884, pp . 141-159 and pp. 241-262 .
  • (Ed.): Ratio studiorum et institutiones scholasticas Societatis Jesu per Germaniam olim vigentes collectae, concinnatae, dilucidatae. 4 volumes (= Monumenta Germaniae Paedagogica. Volumes 2, 5, 9 and 14). Hofmann, Berlin, DNB 560132891 .
Volume 1: From anno 1541 ad annum 1599. 1887, archive.org .
Volume 2: Ratio studiorum ann. 1586, 1599, 1832, 1887, archive.org .
Volume 3: Ordinationes Generalium et ordo Studiorum generalium from anno 1600 to annum 1772. 1890, archive.org .
Volume 4: Complectens monumenta quae pertinent ad gymnasia, convictus (1600–1773) itemque ad rationem studiorum (anno 1832) recognitam. Published by Bernhard Duhr . 1894 archive.org .
  • The goals of social democracy and the liberal ideas. Herder, Freiburg i. Br. 1892 (published posthumously) ( digitized 4th edition, 1904).

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Tübinger Universitätsschriften: 1847. Laupp, Tübingen 1848, p. 12 ( digitized version ).
  2. ↑ Beginnings as "Voices from Maria Laach" on historisches-lexikon-bayerns.de
  3. ^ The series of editors-in-chief on historisches-lexikon-bayerns.de
  4. ↑ Clemens Victor Oldendorf: "Sacrificium laudis" and "oblatio" as the key to the structure and statement of the Canon Missae. ( online ).
  5. ↑ Jutta Gisevius: “These treasures should not remain closed to the faithful”. Liturgical formation reflected in the prayer books of the 19th century. Dissertation. University of Bochum 2015, DNB 1109051131 , p. 171 ( online ).
  6. ^ Bernhard Holes: The Austrian Feldkirch and its Jesuit colleges "St. Nikolaus ”and“ Stella Matutina ”. Lang, Frankfurt am Main a. a., ISBN 978-3-631-57381-5 , p. 203, footnote 680 ( limited preview in Google book search).
  7. ↑ Helmut Reinalter: Conspiracy theories. Theory - history - effect. Studienverlag, Innsbruck a. a. 2002, ISBN 978-3-7065-1510-8 , p. 171 ( limited preview in Google book search).
  8. ↑ Olaf Blaschke: Catholicism and anti-Semitism in the German Empire. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1997, ISBN 978-3-525-35785-9 , p. 66 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  9. ↑ Rafael Frick: Pachtler, Georg Michael. In: Walter Kasper et al. (Ed.): Lexicon for theology and church. Founded by Michael Buchberger . 3rd, completely revised edition. Volume 7: Maximilian to Pazzi. Freiburg 1998, Sp. 1255 ( digitized version ).
personal data
SURNAME Pachtler, Georg Michael
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Pachtler, Michael; Osseg, Annuarius (pseudonym); Michalov, Georgios (pseudonym)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Jesuit, theologian, priest and educator
DATE OF BIRTH September 14, 1825
PLACE OF BIRTH Mergentheim , Germany
DATE OF DEATH August 12, 1889
Place of death Exaten Castle near Baexem , Leudal , Netherlands