Michael Raucheisen

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Michael Raucheisen (born February 10, 1889 in Rain , Bavaria ; † May 27, 1984 in Beatenberg ) was a German pianist and piano accompanist.

Life

His father, a glazier by trade, was an organist, church choir director and music teacher. From 1895 he taught him to play the piano. The thorough musical education of the only son was so valuable to the family that they left the small town.

Raucheisen lived in Munich from 1902 . He studied from 1903 to 1906 and again from 1909 to 1912 at the Academy of Music with Hans Bußmeyer (piano), Felix Mottl and Ludwig Thuille (conducting) and with Ludwig Felix Maier (organ). As early as 1906 he played first violin in the orchestra of the court opera and the Prinzregententheater , was violist in the Wilhelm Sieben string quartet in Munich and was assistant organist in St. Michael . In 1912 he founded the musical matinees in the Munich Volkstheater . In 1916 he began with the pianistic accompaniment as an exclusive artistic activity. From 1919 to 1931 he accompanied the concert appearances of the violinist Fritz Kreisler , with him he undertook numerous tours through Europe, Canada and in 1923 through Japan, China and Korea.

From 1920 until the end of his pianistic activity in 1958, Raucheisen lived in Berlin , where he continued his pianistic career. He accompanied instrumentalists such as violinists Edith Lorand and Erika Morini , and cellists such as Gaspar Cassadó and Ludwig Hoelscher . Since the beginning of the twenties he has been a sought-after song accompanist for many singers, for example Herbert Alsen , Peter Anders , Hans Hotter , Frida Leider , Emmi Leisner , Sigrid Onégin , Erna Berger , Erna Sack , Elisabeth Schwarzkopf , Leo Slezak , Heinrich Schlusnus , Karl Schmitt-Walter , Wilhelm Strienz or Helge Rosvaenge . An innovation was his accompaniment with an open grand piano in order to achieve a better sound connection between voice and instrument.

From 1933 he aimed for a comprehensive documentation of the German-language song on record, for which he had the local studios available from 1940 as head of the song and chamber music department at the Berliner Rundfunk. In 1936 he called for the "election" of Adolf Hitler on March 20 in the magazine Die Musik-Woche . On April 20 of the same year Hitler appointed him professor. From 1940, Raucheisen was head of the chamber music department at Deutschlandsender and from 1942 he was also head of the musical soloists group at Reichsrundfunk . Together with the violinist Váša Příhoda and the cellist Paul Grümmer , he founded the master trio in 1942 . In the final phase of the Second World War , Hitler included him in the God-gifted list of the most important pianists in August 1944 , which saved him from being deployed in the war.

After the war, Raucheisen was banned from working for a few years because of his possible links with the Nazi regime and later rarely appeared in public. From 1950 he worked as a music teacher and song accompanist in Berlin.

Grave of the artist and his wife, the opera singer Maria Ivogün

In 1958, after a successful tour with Elisabeth Schwarzkopf, he retired into private life and moved to Switzerland with his wife. On the occasion of his 95th birthday on January 10, 1984, he was given honorary citizenship of the city of Rain . Michael Raucheisen and his wife, who died in 1987, are buried in the Rain municipal cemetery.

Michael Raucheisen was married three times. His first wife was Hedwig Schwalm (1899–?), Daughter of the composer and Berlin representative of the piano manufacturers Blüthner and Feurich , Oskar Schwalm (1856–1936). The couple had a son, Erhard (* 1931). In 1932 Raucheisen was married to the American soprano Marion Talley (1906–1983) for 6 months , in 1933 he married the singer Maria Ivogün .

Audio documents

1921 first recordings together with the violinist Andreas Weißgerber for Odeon . Later he was a companion for all major record labels : from 1924 with Deutsche Grammophon , from 1925 with Parlophon , from 1926 with Electrola and from 1933 with Telefunken . In addition, chamber music recordings: the Spring Sonata ( Ludwig van Beethoven ) and the Violin Sonata No. 2 by Johannes Brahms with Edith Lorand at Parlophone, the Trout Quintet ( Franz Schubert ) with the Chamber Music Association of the Berlin Philharmonic at Odeon or the Trio No. 2, KV 504 ( Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart ) with the Munich Chamber Music Association on Deutsche Grammophon.

From 1984 to 1988, 15 episodes of his radio project Lied der Welt were published on long-playing records ( songs in documentary recordings at Acanta ). In 2005, the 66 CD box Michael Raucheisen - The Man at the Piano followed . With a playing time of almost 62 hours, it offers 1,165 songs by 35 composers with 57 interpreters; In addition, there are other song recordings with Raucheisen in archives or on other publications.

literature

  • Michael Raucheisen: The piano accompanist. In: Josef Müller-Marein and Hannes Reinhardt: The musical self-portrait . Nannen, Hamburg 1963.
  • Stephan Hörner:  Raucheisen, Michael. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 21, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-428-11202-4 , p. 199 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Harald Mann: Biography Michael Raucheisen. In: See: Contributions to the history and culture of the city of Rain and its surroundings. No. 7 (April 1984)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Fred K. Prieberg : Handbook of German Musicians 1933–1945. CD-Rom Lexicon. Kiel 2004, p. 5452 as well as Erich H. Müller: German Music Dictionary. Dresden 1929.
  2. ^ Raucheisen in: Harry E. Weinschenk: Künstler plaudern , Berlin 1942
  3. ^ Louis P. Lochner: Fritz Kreisler . New York 1950. p. 80 ff
  4. ↑ Fred K. Prieberg : Handbook of German Musicians 1933–1945 , CD-Rom-Lexikon, Kiel 2004, pp. 5.442-5.443.
  5. ↑ Booklet for the collection The Man at the Piano. Membrane International, 2005, p. 3 , archived from the original on September 28, 2007 ; Retrieved September 25, 2013 .
  6. ^ Down there in the valley - Deutsches Liedgut , Membrane Music Ltd., ISBN 978-3-86735-395-3
  7. ^ Ernst Klee : The culture lexicon for the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-10-039326-5 , p. 474.
  8. ↑ Michael Wersin: Review of the Raucheisen Edition. rondomagazin, December 3, 2005, archived from the original on August 11, 2007 ; Retrieved September 25, 2013 .
  9. ↑ Dieter Kranz: King of the song accompanists - Michael Raucheisen (review of the same edition). NDR-Kultur, November 25, 2005, archived from the original on March 11, 2007 ; Retrieved September 25, 2013 .
  10. ↑ www.schwalm-online.de and Raucheisen in: J. Müller-Marein: The musical self-portrait . Hamburg 1963
personal data
SURNAME Smoke iron, Michael
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German pianist and accompanist
DATE OF BIRTH February 10, 1889
PLACE OF BIRTH Rain (Lech)
DATE OF DEATH May 27, 1984
Place of death Beatenberg