Friedrich Georg von Stein

Friedrich Georg von Stein zu Nordheim and Ostheim ( March 28, 1769 in Nordheim ; † April 17, 1851 in Würzburg ) (different year of birth 1768) was a German officer, chamberlain and landowner .

Life

family

Friedrich Georg von Stein came from one of the oldest noble families of Franconia and was the son of Dietrich Philipp von Stein zu Nord- und Ostheim (born September 4, 1741 in Völkershausen (Willmars) , † January 15, 1808 in Heidelberg ), a Frankish imperial knight , and his wife Marie Susanne (born September 21, 1737 in Tann ; † March 15, 1797 in Nordheim), daughter of Christoph Friedrich von der Tann (1697–1784). The ancestral seat of the von Stein family was in Nordheim (Grabfeld); this castle was destroyed in 1945. Friedrich Georg von Stein was born in Nordheim as the second of four sons and the fifth of twenty children. The names of his siblings are known:

• Karl von Stein (life dates unknown), eldest brother, probably died during a duel when he was in Austrian service;

• Friederike Elisabeth von Stein (born September 22, 1765 in Völkershausen; † November 8, 1797 in Hartmannswiller ), married to Gottfried Waldner von Freundstein (1757–1818), member of the General Council of the Upper Rhine;
• Julius Wilhelm von Stein (born June 12, 1770 in Völkershausen; † February 15, 1816 in Ostheim), head forest master , married to Amalia Ernestina (born July 10, 1772 in Vienna ; † April 6, 1810 in Weimar ), a daughter of the count Johann Friedrich Bachoff von Echt (1710–1781), German-Danish diplomat;
• Caroline Ernestine von Stein (August 10, 1777 in Völkershausen; † February 16, 1824 in Wurzenbach), married to Joseph Charles Mellish (1769–1823), British Consul General ;
• Christian von Stein (life dates unknown, died in Völkershausen), youngest brother, was an officer in the Prussian service.

Friedrich Georg von Stein married on January 20, 1799 in Colmar Caroline Oktavie Louise (born October 20, 1771 in Jebsheim , † May 4, 1842 in Nordheim), a daughter of Freiherr Philipp Friedrich von Berckheim (1732-1812). Together they had nine children, of whom we know by name:

• Karl von Stein (* unknown; † 1828 in Bajardzhik near Varna ), officer, died during the campaign against the Turks ;
• Amélie Octavia von Stein (* 1801; † 1829), married to Baron Maximilian Sigismund Friedrich Albert de Dietrich (1802–1888), industrialist;
• Franziska "Fanny" von Stein (* unknown; † November 1844), married to Ludwig von Schultes, captain and chamberlain in Meiningen ;
• Siegmund Christian von Stein (* 1804; † unknown), his first marriage to Adriane Jeannette von Trümbach from Wehrda , his second marriage to Elise von Osterhausen from Kassel . After the death of his father he gave up his position as a lawyer and took over the administration of the goods.
• Henriette von Stein (* 1807; † 1869), writer, married to Johann Karl Ludwig von Schorn ;
• Amalie von Stein (* 1809; † unknown), provost of Waizenbach Abbey ;
• Frieda von Stein (born September 17, 1811, † September 6, 1852 in Pforzheim ), canoness in Pforzheim
• Adelheid von Stein (* 1814, † 1858), after the death of her sister Octavia, she was married to her brother-in-law Maximilian Sigismund Friedrich Albert de Dietrich.

Career

He received his first lessons from a private tutor until his father brought him to Stuttgart in 1783 to be admitted to the Hohen Karlsschule .

After attending school, he joined the regiment of Maximilian Joseph , who later became King of Bavaria; As a colonel in Strasbourg, he led a French command of the Royal Bavière regiment . In 1790 he was accepted as a castle man in the Burggrafschaft Friedberg .

On August 10, 1792 he was in the defense of Louis XVI. involved in Paris when he was harassed by the Parisian population and insurgents in his palace during the Tuileries Storm and forced to flee to the Legislative National Assembly . Friedrich Georg von Stein was persecuted and captured by Jacobins . When he was about to be hanged from a lantern, this was prevented by General Marie-Joseph Motier, Marquis de La Fayette , who was able to free him.

After the execution of Louis XVI. on September 21, 1792 he joined the Austrian army and fought under General Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser on the Rhine and in the Netherlands against the new republic with radical democratic features. He later entered the Dutch service and took part in several battles under the command of General Wilhelm von Hessen-Philippsthal . In one of these skirmishes he was captured by the French and imprisoned first in Thionville and then in Metz . He was chained in dungeon and awaiting execution by the guillotine when it was announced on July 27, 1794 that the " reign of terror " had ended and he could be released. With the help of a priest whom he had served in the past, he escaped the fray. His further escape was made difficult by the injuries caused by the chains that rubbed the flesh to the bone, and he was only dressed in what he wore when he was released. He only traveled at night and could only survive by begging. After some time he reached the Ollweiler castle of his brother-in-law Gottfried Waldner von Freundstein in Upper Alsace . Before that, his sister and her two daughters (Isabelle, the future wife of Major General August Karl von und zu Egloffstein and Diana , later lover of King Jérôme Bonaparte of Westphalia ) and their son Theodor Waldner von Freundstein were before the Jacobins in the vicinity of Saverne fled to the Vosges ; there they had hidden until the end of the reign of terror.

Friedrich Georg von Stein was able to hide with his sister for a few months and during this time made the acquaintance of his future wife Caroline Oktavie Louise von Berckheim.

After the wedding, he moved with his wife to the main castle in Nordheim and led the imperial knighthood for his father , with which an autonomous petty rule was connected; after the death of his father in 1803 he officially took over the administration of the family estate. The baroque palace , which emerged from a moated castle , was blown up in 1945.

By the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803 the imperial knighthood was abolished and the area went to the Grand Duchy of Würzburg .

In 1808, the Duchy of Saxony-Meiningen and the Grand Duchy of Würzburg agreed to swap territory, so that Nordheim went to Saxony-Meiningen; since then it has belonged to the Maßfeld office in the duchy of Saxony-Meiningen.

When the Cossacks lived particularly badly with his subjects in 1813 , he faced a piquet of forty Cossacks as Colonel of the Landwehr , and thundered at them with drawn saber "In the name of Emperor Alexander!", Whereupon they fled. On another occasion he was called to help by Pastor Gumpert in Queienfeld . After his arrival, he relieved the local Cossack colonel of his command, reported his proceedings to the general lying in Behrungen , who then transferred the Cossack colonel to the front.

When he was called to help in Berkach , he met a seriously injured officer whom he had brought to Nordheim and cared for. It was the future Prussian minister Ernst von Bodelschwingh .

With the repeal of the imperial knighthood he had already lost important rights and with the introduction of a new constitution for the Duchy of Saxony-Meiningen in 1829 he lost further rights.In addition, in 1848, with the basic rights of the German people, the privileged jurisdiction , the patrimonial jurisdiction and the manorial police were lifted.

Friedrich Georg von Stein was a grand ducal Tuscan and later Würzburg chamberlain; he was buried in the main cemetery in Würzburg .

literature

• Friedrich Georg von Stein in New Nekrolog der Deutschen , 29th year, 1851, 1st part. Weimar, Voigt 1853. pp. 285–296,
• Genealogical paperback of the baronial houses to the year 1853 , volume 3. Gotha Perthes. P. 454 f.