Jebsheim
Jebsheim | ||
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region | Grand Est | |
Department | Haut-Rhin | |
Arrondissement | Colmar-Ribeauvillé | |
Canton | Colmar-2 | |
Community association | Colmar agglomeration | |
Coordinates | 48 ° 7 ' N , 7 ° 29' E | |
height | 177-186 m | |
surface | 14.85 km 2 | |
Residents | 1,403 (January 1, 2017) | |
Population density | 94 inhabitants / km 2 | |
Post Code | 68320 | |
INSEE code | 68157 | |
Mairie Jebsheim |
Jebsheim ( els. IEBSE ) is a French municipality with 1403 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Haut-Rhin in the region Grand Est (2015 Alsace ). The residents call themselves Jebsheimois or Jebsheimoises in the official language and Jebsemer in the Alsatian regional language .
location
Jebsheim lies in the Upper Rhine Plain , about twelve kilometers northeast of Colmar ; the distance to the eastern Rhine and the border with Germany is about six kilometers.
history
There was already a settlement in Jebsheim in Roman times, as streets crossed here. The place was first mentioned in 861. The Reformation was introduced here in 1535 under the Dukes of Württemberg . In the Thirty Years' War Jebsheim suffered particularly. Jebsheim was also the ancestral seat of the older (Protestant) line of the Berckheim (noble family) it . The family shared with the three sons of Egenolf (Egenolph) III. von Berckheim (1552–1629) and his wife Margaretha von Lichtenfels in three tribes. Wilhelm II. († 1665) founded the older (Protestant) line to Jebsheim, Hans Rudolph II. The middle line to Krautergersheim, and Egenolf IV. († around 1639) the younger (Catholic) line to Rappoltsweiler. The line to Krautergersheim expired in the male line on November 12, 1787 with the grandson of its founder, Franz Samuel, French colonel, Stettmeister to Strasbourg and rector of the university there. From the younger line came u. a. the Baden Minister of State Karl Christian von Berckheim (1774–1849).
Castle / Schloss Berckheim have perished, traces can still be found in a glass painting from the fifteenth century in the north sacristy of the church of Saint-Martin and from some preserved grave monuments of this family in the church.
Jebsheim gained sad notoriety in January 1945 when Allied troops and German tank grenadiers - the latter under the command of Heinrich Himmler - fought fierce final battles ( Poche de Colmar ).
Population development
year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2017 |
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Residents | 692 | 740 | 917 | 871 | 918 | 1013 | 1081 | 1403 |
Source: Municipal directory, Cassini and INSEE |
Ladies of Berckheim
In their youth, the four sisters formed a historically known literary circle as so-called "Ladies of Berckheim" (les demoiselles de Berckheim), including the works of the teacher and poet Gottlieb Konrad Pfeffel (1736–1809). Antiquarian records are still available today. Two of these four sisters were born in Jebsheim. They are:
- Louise Sophie Octavie de Berckheim (1771–1852) married Frederic von Stein zu Nordheim
- Henriette Sophie de Berckheim (1772–1863) married Augustin-Charles Périer, a student of the École polytechnique in Paris with a doctorate in 1790, Deputy of Isère (1830–1837), Peer of France (1832) and Knight of the Legion of Honor (1833). He came from an upper-class merchant family. The couple's descendants or relatives became presidents of the Bank of France, interior ministers and even presidents of the French Republic.
In honor of a member of the Berckheim noble family , a street in Jebsheim was named "rue Baron Berckheim".
Former railway station Jebsheim
Before the First World War , an overland tram ran about 22 kilometers via Colmar, Horbourg-Wihr, Muntzenheim, Jebsheim and Elsenheim to Marckolsheim (tram connection Strasbourg - Erstein - Markolsheim). Because of the expansion of the country roads, there are no more relics. Recently, a flower-shaped tram in Marckolsheim is reminiscent of this train.
Attractions
- The evangelical church ( temple ) Saint-Martin , dedicated to Saint Martin , originally dates from the Romanesque period. Barely recognizable, it is one of the oldest churches in Alsace. Its foundation walls reveal at least six different construction phases from the foundation before 891 to modern times and the reconstruction from 1945 to 1957. The facade and tower from the 12th century are still preserved, the apse is Gothic and the nave is from 1779. After it burned down in 1940, it was rebuilt from 1945 to 1957. In 1996, part of the church was classified as a monument historique , such as the 15th century stained glass in the sacristy , the painted inscriptions and archaeological remains with their references to the rule of the Berckheim family .
- To commemorate the last battles near Colmar on the Jebsheim territory and the 900 soldiers killed there and the 2,000 wounded on both sides, the Croix du Moulin memorial was erected. The three "wings" of the cross symbolize the participating nations: French, US-Americans, Germans. The inscription in three languages reads: You are united in death, let us unite in peace .
Events
On a September Sunday in Jebsheim, people celebrate country life in general and the cow in particular on the "ronde-des-fetes".
literature
- Le Patrimoine des Communes du Haut-Rhin. Flohic Editions, Volume 1, Paris 1998, ISBN 2-84234-036-1 , pp. 114-117.
Web links
- About Jebsheim (French)
- historical stained glass in Jebsheim / Saint-Martin church
- Ile des Demoiselles de Berckheim in Parc de Schoppenwihr (French) ( Memento from December 25, 2012 in the web archive archive.today )
- The battle of Jebsheim January 24th to February 2nd 1945 (English) with pictures
- Report of a participant in the Battle of Jebsheim (English)
- Photos of the ruins of a German bunker in Jebsheim
- historical memories of a railway in Jebsheim
Individual evidence
- ↑ 1910: Municipal directory Germany 1900 - Colmar district ( Memento of the original from February 21, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.