Jebsheim

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Jebsheim
Coat of arms of Jebsheim
Jebsheim (France)
Jebsheim
region Grand Est
Department Haut-Rhin
Arrondissement Colmar-Ribeauvillé
Canton Colmar-2
Community association Colmar agglomeration
Coordinates 48 ° 7 '  N , 7 ° 29'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 7 '  N , 7 ° 29'  E
height 177-186 m
surface 14.85 km 2
Residents 1,403 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 94 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 68320
INSEE code

Mairie Jebsheim

Jebsheim ( els. IEBSE ) is a French municipality with 1403 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Haut-Rhin in the region Grand Est (2015 Alsace ). The residents call themselves Jebsheimois or Jebsheimoises in the official language and Jebsemer in the Alsatian regional language .

location

Jebsheim lies in the Upper Rhine Plain , about twelve kilometers northeast of Colmar ; the distance to the eastern Rhine and the border with Germany is about six kilometers.

history

There was already a settlement in Jebsheim in Roman times, as streets crossed here. The place was first mentioned in 861. The Reformation was introduced here in 1535 under the Dukes of Württemberg . In the Thirty Years' War Jebsheim suffered particularly. Jebsheim was also the ancestral seat of the older (Protestant) line of the Berckheim (noble family) it . The family shared with the three sons of Egenolf (Egenolph) III. von Berckheim (1552–1629) and his wife Margaretha von Lichtenfels in three tribes. Wilhelm II. († 1665) founded the older (Protestant) line to Jebsheim, Hans Rudolph II. The middle line to Krautergersheim, and Egenolf IV. († around 1639) the younger (Catholic) line to Rappoltsweiler. The line to Krautergersheim expired in the male line on November 12, 1787 with the grandson of its founder, Franz Samuel, French colonel, Stettmeister to Strasbourg and rector of the university there. From the younger line came u. a. the Baden Minister of State Karl Christian von Berckheim (1774–1849).

Castle / Schloss Berckheim have perished, traces can still be found in a glass painting from the fifteenth century in the north sacristy of the church of Saint-Martin and from some preserved grave monuments of this family in the church.

Jebsheim gained sad notoriety in January 1945 when Allied troops and German tank grenadiers - the latter under the command of Heinrich Himmler - fought fierce final battles ( Poche de Colmar ).

Population development

year 1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2017
Residents 692 740 917 871 918 1013 1081 1403
Source: Municipal directory, Cassini and INSEE

Ladies of Berckheim

In their youth, the four sisters formed a historically known literary circle as so-called "Ladies of Berckheim" (les demoiselles de Berckheim), including the works of the teacher and poet Gottlieb Konrad Pfeffel (1736–1809). Antiquarian records are still available today. Two of these four sisters were born in Jebsheim. They are:

  • Louise Sophie Octavie de Berckheim (1771–1852) married Frederic von Stein zu Nordheim
  • Henriette Sophie de Berckheim (1772–1863) married Augustin-Charles Périer, a student of the École polytechnique in Paris with a doctorate in 1790, Deputy of Isère (1830–1837), Peer of France (1832) and Knight of the Legion of Honor (1833). He came from an upper-class merchant family. The couple's descendants or relatives became presidents of the Bank of France, interior ministers and even presidents of the French Republic.

In honor of a member of the Berckheim noble family , a street in Jebsheim was named "rue Baron Berckheim".

Former railway station Jebsheim

Before the First World War , an overland tram ran about 22 kilometers via Colmar, Horbourg-Wihr, Muntzenheim, Jebsheim and Elsenheim to Marckolsheim (tram connection Strasbourg - Erstein - Markolsheim). Because of the expansion of the country roads, there are no more relics. Recently, a flower-shaped tram in Marckolsheim is reminiscent of this train.

Attractions

  • The evangelical church ( temple ) Saint-Martin , dedicated to Saint Martin , originally dates from the Romanesque period. Barely recognizable, it is one of the oldest churches in Alsace. Its foundation walls reveal at least six different construction phases from the foundation before 891 to modern times and the reconstruction from 1945 to 1957. The facade and tower from the 12th century are still preserved, the apse is Gothic and the nave is from 1779. After it burned down in 1940, it was rebuilt from 1945 to 1957. In 1996, part of the church was classified as a monument historique , such as the 15th century stained glass in the sacristy , the painted inscriptions and archaeological remains with their references to the rule of the Berckheim family .
  • To commemorate the last battles near Colmar on the Jebsheim territory and the 900 soldiers killed there and the 2,000 wounded on both sides, the Croix du Moulin memorial was erected. The three "wings" of the cross symbolize the participating nations: French, US-Americans, Germans. The inscription in three languages ​​reads: You are united in death, let us unite in peace .

Events

On a September Sunday in Jebsheim, people celebrate country life in general and the cow in particular on the "ronde-des-fetes".

literature

  • Le Patrimoine des Communes du Haut-Rhin. Flohic Editions, Volume 1, Paris 1998, ISBN 2-84234-036-1 , pp. 114-117.

Web links

Commons : Jebsheim  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. 1910: Municipal directory Germany 1900 - Colmar district ( Memento of the original from February 21, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de