Biesheim
| Biesheim | ||
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| region | Grand Est | |
| Department | Haut-Rhin | |
| Arrondissement | Colmar-Ribeauvillé | |
| Canton | Ensisheim | |
| Community association | Pays Rhin-Brisach | |
| Coordinates | 48 ° 2 ' N , 7 ° 33' E | |
| height | 184-194 m | |
| surface | 16.55 km 2 | |
| Residents | 2,571 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 155 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 68600 | |
| INSEE code | 68036 | |
| Website | www.ville-biesheim.fr | |
 Mairie Biesheim |
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Biesheim (Alsatian Biese ) is a French commune with 2571 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Haut-Rhin department in the Grand Est region (until 2015 Alsace ). The municipality belongs to the canton of Ensisheim in the arrondissement Colmar-Ribeauvillé and to the Communauté de communes Pays Rhin-Brisach .
geography
The Alsatian community extends in the plain west of the Upper Rhine , which forms the state border with Germany (or Baden-Württemberg ) here. The village is located about one kilometer west of the Rhine across from Breisach am Rhein , about 20 km east of Colmar and west of Freiburg im Breisgau . The stream le Giessen runs right through the village . In the east, Biesheim has a share in the Rhine canal with the Île de Kembs – Neuf-Brisach . Neighboring communities are Kunheim in the north, Breisach am Rhein (Germany) in the east, Vogelgrun in the south-east, Volgelsheim in the south, Wolfgantzen in the south-west, Widensolen in the west and Urschenheim in the north-west.
history
The present municipality of Biesheim has been settled since Gallo-Roman times. The Roman Rhine Valley Road and an important archaeological site, which documents the Roman presence from the 1st to the 4th century AD, are located near the village . Remains of a mithraium were found in it in 1977 . The place name is made up of the Franconian root word heim , which roughly means domicile / home and was common for Anglo-Saxon settlements, as well as Bies , probably the personal name of a wealthy owner in Biesheim. The spelling of the place name has changed several times over the years: from Bezenesheim (mentioned around 900 in a chronicle of Ebersmünster ) via Biessen (1643) to today's form Biesheim (since the 18th century).
In 1103 a monastery was founded in the village in the domain of Cluny . From the 13th to the 16th century, Biesheim belonged to the Habsburgs . In 1507 it was pledged to the city of Breisach. In 1638 the Swedes destroyed Biesheim together with the former medieval village of Oedenburg. The synagogue was closed in 1726 because its construction had not been approved. In 1756 the village was sold to Christian Friedrich Dagobert Waldner von Freundstein for 140,000 livres through the mediation of Christoph Anton von Schauenburg (1717–1787) together with Vogelgrun and Geiswasser . From 1871 until the end of the First World War , Biesheim belonged to the German Empire as part of the realm of Alsace-Lorraine and was assigned to the Colmar district in the Upper Alsace district . In 1910, 1275 inhabitants were registered in the municipality. During the Second World War , the population was evacuated to Le Mas-d'Agenais in Aquitaine . In the battle for the Alsace bridgehead , Biesheim was badly affected, so that a total of 75% of the village was destroyed.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2007 | 2014 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 1018 | 1148 | 1874 | 1959 | 2125 | 2315 | 2299 | 2533 |
coat of arms
The blazon of the coat of arms reads: "D'azur à la filière de gueles, au saumon d'argent posé en bande, la queue recourbée." (On a blue with a red border a sloping silver salmon with a curved tail.)
The coat of arms was created in 1965 in memory of several salmon fishermen and field names in the municipality ( Salmengrund , Salmengrien ) by the coat of arms service of the Haut-Rhin department.
Attractions
Two museums in Biesheim provide information about the history of the region: the Gallo-Roman Museum and the Museum of Optical Technology. The town hall was burned down towards the end of the Second World War and rebuilt in 1962 on the former foundations. In the years 1981–1982 the community had modernization works carried out, 2004–2005 the building was renovated and expanded.
Economy and Infrastructure
Since the construction of the Rhine canal and the establishment of an industrial area in the 1960s, numerous companies have settled in the community. The most important are the aluminum processor Alcan Rhenalu Péchiney , the chewing gum manufacturer Wrigley and the textile company Fiberweb . In the agricultural sector there are some companies that cultivate vegetables and wheat, keep cattle and pigs, and breed poultry and fish. Furthermore, tourism with several hotels and restaurants is of great importance for Biesheim. On the island between the Rhine and the Rhine canal there is a marina , a campsite and a swimming pool.
The municipality is crossed by two departmental roads in a north-south direction: the D468 runs directly west of the village, the D52 further east.
Community partnerships
Biesheim has a partnership with the municipality of Le Mas-d'Agenais in Aquitaine. The population of Biesheim was evacuated there during World War II.
Personalities
- Julius Leber (* 1891 in Biesheim, † 1945 in Berlin), German politician and resistance fighter against National Socialism
literature
- Le Patrimoine des Communes du Haut-Rhin. Flohic Editions, Volume 2, Paris 1998, ISBN 2-84234-036-1 , pp. 915-919.
Individual evidence
- ^ Hermann Kopf : Christoph Anton Graf von Schauenburg (1717–1787): Rise and fall of the Breisgau district chief , Rombach, Freiburg im Breisgau 2000, ISBN 3-7930-0343-4 , p. 115 ff.
- ^ Municipal directory Germany 1900 - Colmar district
