Eguisheim

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Eguisheim
Eguisheim coat of arms
Eguisheim (France)
Eguisheim
region Grand Est
Department Haut-Rhin
Arrondissement Colmar-Ribeauvillé
Canton Wintzenheim
Community association Pays de Rouffach, Vignobles et Châteaux
Coordinates 48 ° 3 '  N , 7 ° 18'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 3 '  N , 7 ° 18'  E
height 191-764 m
surface 14.13 km 2
Residents 1,726 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 122 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 68420
INSEE code 68078

Eguisheim - castle with St. Leo chapel

Eguisheim (German Egisheim ) is a French commune with 1726 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Haut-Rhin department in the Grand Est region (until 2015 Alsace ). It belongs to the arrondissement of Colmar-Ribeauvillé and the canton of Wintzenheim . The village is classified as one of the Plus beaux villages de France .

geography

The municipality of Eguisheim is located on the Alsace Wine Route ( Route des Vins d'Alsace ), a few kilometers southwest of Colmar . The place lies below one of three castle ruins ( Dagsburg , Wahlenburg , Weckmund Castle ) crowned mountain. This group of castles is known as the Drei Exen ( Alsatian Dri Egsa ; French les trois tours d'Eguisheim ). The municipality is part of the Ballons des Vosges Regional Nature Park .

history

Flowers and half-timbered houses in Egisheim

There was probably a fort in Egisheim as early as Roman times . It is said that Bruno von Egisheim-Dagsburg was born in the village in 1002, and Pope Leo IX in 1049 . has been. The located in octagonal castle is - in competition with Dabo : Lorraine and Wahlsburg on (German Dabo) Häuserner - often expressed as its birthplace, but as the district chronicle of the monastery Ebersmünster to which this statement is based, only four centuries was made after the actual event, it is not credible. In addition, the preserved and excavated architecture indicates that the castle was founded in the first half of the 13th century and thus around 200 years after Leo was born.

In the 19th century, large parts of the castle buildings, including the octagonal keep , were demolished. From 1886 a neo-Romanesque-Byzantine chapel was built in memory of Pope Leo IX. built. In 1908 the facility was renovated . The parish church of St. Peter and Paul was built in 1809 in a barn style. The tower has been preserved from its Romanesque predecessor, built in the 12th century; their outlines can be seen in the pavement.

From 1871 until the end of the First World War , Eguisheim belonged to the German Empire as part of the realm of Alsace-Lorraine and was assigned to the Colmar district in the Upper Alsace district .

Counts of Egisheim

The Franconian Duchy of Alsace was founded in the 7th century . This was divided into two counties in the 9th century: the Nordgau and the Sundgau (until 2015 the Alsace region consisted of the departments Bas-Rhin (67) and Haut-Rhin (68)). The Counts of the Northern Gau soon ruled the entire region again. The Counts of Egisheim descend from Emperor Charlemagne . 1 Charlemagne → 7 Ludwig I of Franconia → 39 Charles II the Bald → 91 Ludwig II the Stammler → 193 Karl III. the simple → 305 Hildegard von Westfranken → 501 N. von Dillingen → 735 Heilwig von Dagsburg, wife of Hugo IV. von Egisheim (* 970, † 995) → 801 Adalbert I von Calw , also a Carolingian, and wife Adelheid von Egisheim (* 1000), sister of Count Leo von Egisheim ( Leo IX. ). ( The prefixes correspond to the list of the descendants of Charlemagne by Josef Schneider .) Count Gerhard and Adalbert married their sister Adelheid to Duke Heinrich , she became the mother of Konrad II , who founded the house of the Salian emperors. A sideline of the Counts of Northern Gauss finally called themselves Counts of Egisheim. Count Bruno von Egisheim (1002-1054) became pope in 1048, he called himself "Leo IX." In 1049 he consecrated the Ottmarsheim church .

Population development

year 1910 1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2007 2014 2016
Residents 1387 1470 1519 1461 1438 1530 1549 1572 1738 1782

Cityscape and sights

City map of Egisheim
The late Romanesque portal in the Peter and Paul Church

Egisheim is known as the “onion city” in terms of its city typology, since, apart from the west-east running Grand Rue (Alsatian Hauptstross ), all the alleys are in a ring around the octagonal castle in the center.

Partnerships

Hinterzarten has been Eguisheim's partner municipality in the Black Forest since 1969 . There is also a partnership with the municipality of Hautvillers in Champagne .

Personalities

  • Adelheid von Metz , (around 970-1039 or 1046), Countess of Worms
  • Leo IX (1002-1054), Pope of the Catholic Church (alleged connection to Egisheim, but not verifiable)
  • Peter Paul Stumpf (1822–1890), Archbishop of Strasbourg
Panorama view of the Eguisheim town center

literature

Web links

Commons : Eguisheim  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Eguisheim in Les plus Beaux Villages de France in French
  2. ↑ Thomas Biller, Bernhard Metz: The late Romanesque castle building in Alsace. 1200-1250. (The castles of Alsace. Architecture and history, Volume 2). Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-422-06635-9 , p. 195.
  3. ↑ Thomas Biller, Bernhard Metz: The late Romanesque castle building in Alsace. 1200-1250. (The castles of Alsace. Architecture and history, Volume 2). Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-422-06635-9 , p. 200.
  4. ^ Charles Laurent Salch: Nouveau Dictionnaire des Châteaux Forts d'Alsace . Alsatia, Strasbourg 1991, ISBN 2-7032-0193-1 , p. 73.
  5. ↑ schneidermuch.de
  6. ^ Municipal directory Germany 1900 - Colmar district
  7. ↑ https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/3681328?geo=COM-68078