Joachim Camerarius the Elder

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Joachim Camerarius

Joachim Camerarius the Elder (also Joachim Kammermeister ; * April 12, 1500 in Bamberg , † April 17, 1574 in Leipzig ) was a German humanist , philologist, polymath and poet.

Life

The son of the episcopal treasurer and councilor Johannes Kammermeister first attended school in Bamberg and from 1512 received lessons from the humanist Georg Helt in Leipzig . The original name of the family from Carinthia was Liebhard, which was preserved in side branches of the family. Since ancestors exercised the office of Magister camerae of the prince-bishops of Bamberg for generations , the first, Conrad Liebhard, already under Bishop Eberhard II. (1146–1172), they called themselves chamber masters , latinized to Camerarius during the Renaissance .

Joachim studied in Leipzig at the same time at the university , where from 1516 he devoted himself to studying Greek with Petrus Mosellanus .

From 1518 he studied at the University of Erfurt , where he was introduced by Eobanus Hessus to the local humanist group, which included Euricius Cordus and Mutianus Rufus . In 1521 Camerarius continued his studies at the University of Wittenberg , where he made friends with Philipp Melanchthon . In 1522 he received the professorship for zoology, in which he read about the Naturalis Historia and the Institutio oratori des Quintilian . In 1525 he took over the professorship for Greek language and literature and on Melanchthon's recommendation he became a teacher for Greek and Latin in 1526 at the newly founded Aegidiengymnasium in Nuremberg .

At the Augsburg Reichstag in 1530, Camerarius made a postscript of the Confutatio read there , which he left to Melanchthon, who wrote his apology based on this postscript . In 1532 his Latin translation of Albrecht Dürer's Underweysung of the measurement appeared under the title De Sym [m] etria partium in rectis formis hu [m] anorum corporum , in 1535 his Latin translation of another work by Albrecht Dürer: Etliche underricht zu fortigung der Stett Schlosz und spots as De urbibus, arcibus, castellisque condendis ac muniendis, rationes aliquot at Wechel in Paris.

In 1535 he received a call to the University of Tübingen , where he played a key role in the reorganization of the university. From 1541 until his death, Camerarius was a professor at the University of Leipzig .

Camerarius edited works by numerous ancient authors, such as Demosthenes , Aesop , Herodotus , Homer , Quintilian , Sophocles , Theocritus , Theophrast , Xenophon and Thucydides . He also wrote commentaries on numerous writings, for example by Caesar and Cicero .

In addition to these ancient writings, he also wrote works on history, theology, education, mathematics and astronomy. In addition to his contributions to ancient philological research, Camerarius has made a particular contribution to science through his pedagogical statements. Long before Comenius , he developed a pedagogical system that Comenius has demonstrably used again and again in his Didactica Magna.

From his marriage to Anna Truchseß von Grünberg, the children Anna (married to Esrom Rüdinger ; † September 16, 1558 in Wittenberg), Magdalena (* December 23, 1529 in Nuremberg; married to Johannes Hommel in 1558 in Leipzig ), Johannes (* 29 July 1531 in Nuremberg; † December 6, 1592 in Königsberg), Martha (* December 29, 1532 in Nuremberg; † before February 17, 1558), Joachim (* November 6, 1534 in Nuremberg; † October 11, 1598 ibid) , Philipp (* May 16, 1537 in Tübingen; † June 23, 1624 in Nuremberg), Ursula (1539–1604, married to Dr. Caspar Jungermann), Ludwig (* June 25, 1542 in Leipzig; † June 14, 1582 in Karlsbad) and Gottfried (born July 16, 1546 in Leipzig) known.

Editions and translations

  • Lothar Mundt (Ed.): Joachim Camerarius: Eclogae / Die Eklogen. With translation and commentary. Narr, Tübingen 2004, ISBN 3-8233-6081-7
  • Volker Werner (translator): Joachim Camerarius (1500–1574): The life of Philipp Melanchthon. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2011, ISBN 978-3-374-02787-3
  • Torsten Woitkowitz (ed.): The letters from Joachim Camerarius d. Ä. to Christoph von Karlowitz until 1553 edition, translation and commentary (= sources and research on Saxon history , volume 24). Franz Steiner, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 978-3-515-08418-5
  • Thomas Baier , Joachim Hamm, Ulrich Schlegelmilch (eds.): Opera Camerarii. A semantic database for the printed works of Joachim Camerarius d.Ä. (1500-1574). Edited by Marion Gindhart , Manuel Huth and Jochen Schultheiß. http://wiki.camerarius.de (December 20, 2019)

literature

Web links

Commons : Joachim Camerarius the Elder  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Nicolaus Wecklein: About the handwritten collection of the Camerarii and their fate . In: Session reports of the Philosophical-Philological and Historical Class of the KB Academy of Sciences in Munich . tape 3 . Academic book printing company F. Straub, Munich 1873, p. 242 ( google.at [accessed on August 22, 2020]).
personal data
SURNAME Camerarius, Joachim the Elder
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Camerarius, Joachim; Chamberlain, Joachim
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German humanist, polymath and poet
DATE OF BIRTH April 12, 1500
PLACE OF BIRTH Bamberg
DATE OF DEATH April 17, 1574
Place of death Leipzig