1229

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Heads of State · Nekrolog

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1229
Sultan Al-Kamil and Emperor Friedrich II agree a ten-year ceasefire in the Peace of Jaffa .
With the submission of Raymond VII of Toulouse to Louis IX. the Albigensian Crusade ends .
1229 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	677/678 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1221/22
Buddhist calendar	1772/73 (southern Buddhism); 1771/72 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	65th (66th) cycle Year of the Earth- Ox 己丑 ( at the beginning of the year Earth-Rat 戊子)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	591/592 (turn of the year April)
Iranian calendar	607/608
Islamic calendar	626/627 (turn of the year 19/20 November)
Jewish calendar	4989/90 (September 19-20)
Coptic calendar	945/946
Malayalam calendar	404/405
Seleucid era	Babylon: 1539/40 (turn of the year April) Syria: 1540/41 (turn of the year October)
Spanish era	1267
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1285/86 (turn of the year April)

Events

Politics and world events

Crusade of Frederick II / Kingdom of Sicily

dark yellow the Kingdom of Jerusalem according to the Treaty of 1229

• February 18 : Sultan Al-Kamil and Emperor Friedrich II agree on a ten-year ceasefire in the Peace of Jaffa . Jerusalem , Lydda , Nazareth and Bethlehem are ceded to the Kingdom of Jerusalem by the Ayyubids , but may not be fortified militarily. The Muslims should keep the Jerusalem Temple Mount with the al-Aqsa Mosque and the Dome of the Rock , where Christians will be allowed to worship in future. The Muslims are granted freedom of movement in the area around Bethlehem and their own jurisdiction under a kadi in Jerusalem. In addition, the emperor promises to prevent his army, the knights of the order and the princes of the crusader states from further acts of war against the territories of al-Kamil. It is uncertain whether the treaty will also return the coastal city of Sidon and Toron Castle to the Crusaders .
• March 18 : Emperor Frederick II. Crowned during the Fifth Crusade itself the king of Jerusalem from the law of his son Konrad , but not religious consecration receives as excommunicated. Friedrich deposed the governor Odo von Montbéliard , appointed by the local barons, and replaced him with Balian von Sidon and Garnier l'Aleman .
• May 1st : On his departure from Palestine, Frederick is allegedly insulted and pelted with slaughterhouse waste by the population, who were very dissatisfied with the negotiated peace.
• On Cyprus , Friedrich sets up a five-member Regency Council under the leadership of Amalrich Barlais , an old enemy of the previous regent Johann von Ibelin . After Frederick's departure, the barons rebelled against the imperial ones. On June 24th they win at Nicosia. Amalrich Barlais has to retreat to the Dieu d'Amour castle with the underage King Henry I , where he is besieged by the rebels.
• During Frederick's absence occupy on behalf of Pope Gregory IX. Mercenaries large parts of the Kingdom of Sicily . Some cities use Frederick's excommunication and absence to renounce his rule and submit to the Pope. Frederick lands in Brindisi on June 10th and quickly repulses the papal troops. As a deterrent, Friedrich had some cities completely destroyed, while others had to take hostages and tear down their fortifications.

Crusader States

• April 9th : Johann von Brienne is appointed procurator of the Latin Empire and co-emperor of the minor Baldwin II in Perugia . He is engaged to Johann's daughter Maria von Brienne .

Republic of Venice

Coat of arms of Jacopo Tiepolo

• February: Shortly after his death, Pietro Ziani abdicates as Doge of Venice . In the election of the successor, there is a tie between Jacopo Tiepolo and Marino Dandolo , so that finally the lot has to decide, which is in favor of Jacopo Tiepolo. This choice is one of the causes of ongoing tension between the Dandolo and Tiepolo families. Tiepolo practices open nepotism during his reign .

Holy Roman Empire

• Friedrich , the son of Duke Leopold VI. of Austria and Styria , the Byzantine princess Eudokia Laskarina marries , but rejects her again in the same year to marry Agnes von Andechs , the daughter of Duke Otto VII of Merania .

Scandinavia

• In Sweden , King Erik XI. overthrown by a folk rebellion . After his defeat in the Battle of Olustra in Södermanland , he fled to Denmark. Council member Knut Holmgersson Långe becomes the new king.

France / Occitania

• January: Count Raimund VII of Toulouse agrees with Theobald von Champagne on the submission to the French crown under Louis IX. and the regent Blanka of Castile .

Treaty of Paris

• April 12 : The Treaty of Paris marks the end of the Albigensian Crusade . Count Raimund VII of Toulouse suffered considerable losses of territory. Among other things, he loses the Margraviate of Provence and the Duchy of Narbonne . The treaty ends Occitania's autonomy vis-à-vis the Kingdom of France . The resurrection of his remaining territories are tied to strict succession clauses, according to which Raimund's only child Johanna is declared his sole heir, even in the event that a son is born to him. To this end, Johanna is to be brought up at the French royal court and married to Alfons of Poitiers . The city walls of Toulouse must also be razed and the trenches leveled.

Iberian Peninsula

• April 29th : Pope Gregory IX. annulls the marriage of Jacob I of Aragon and Eleanor of Castile because they are too closely related. The legitimacy of their son Alfons is not affected.

Map of the conquest of Mallorca, 1229

• September 5th : Jacob's Catalan fleet sets sail from Salou and reaches Mallorca on the same day .
• September 15th : The siege of the Mallorcan capital begins.
• December 31st : James I and his Aragonese knights take the city of Medina Mayurqa from the Muslim Almohads after a three-month siege and rename it Palma de Mallorca .

North africa

• Abu Zakariya Yahya I founds the Hafsid dynasty in Ifrīqiya and breaks away from the Almohad empire under Idris I al-Ma'mun , who renounced Almohadic doctrine the previous year.

Mongol Empire

• True to the agreement from 1218 , the third son of Genghis Khan is proclaimed the new big barge Ögedai Khan at an imperial assembly of the Mongols . His descendants received rule over the Ögedei khanate .
• Genghis Khan's second eldest son Chagatai Khan founds the Chagatai Khanate . In the same year, at the Mongolian princes' meeting, he was awarded large parts of the areas of the former "Khanates of the West" on the Syr Darya and Amu Darya rivers, which were originally promised to his deceased brother Jötschi .

First documentary mentions

• August 18th : First official election of the Kriessern court

• Chésopelloz , Galgenen and Lauterach are first mentioned in a document.
• For Bremen are city walls and town hall called.

Culture, science and technology

• Most of the troubadours left France as supporters of the Albigensians and went to the courts of Spain and Italy.
• The University of Toulouse is founded.

• around 1229: The first German universal chronicle , the Saxon World Chronicle , is created.

society

• Sultan Al-Kamil of Egypt gives Emperor Friedrich II an elephant. He accompanied him on triumphal parades over the next few years and became known as the Elephant of Cremona .

religion

Buddhism

• The Jissō-in Buddhist temple in Japan is founded.

Christianity

Reconstruction of the wooden Koroinen Episcopal Church

• The seat of the Bishop of Finland is moved from Nousiainen to Koroinen . The Koroinen Episcopal Church will be built over the next few years .
• The Scottish Monastery of Balmerino is donated.

Born

• April 13 : Ludwig the Strict , Duke of Bavaria and Elector Palatinate († 1294 )

• Hugo Libergier , French builder († 1263 )

• 1228 or 1229: Jacobus de Voragine , Archbishop of Genoa († 1298 )
• around 1229: Johann I , Count of Holstein-Kiel († 1263 )

Died

Date of death secured

• January 17th : Albert von Buxthoeven , Bishop of Riga (* around 1165 )
• after January 17th: Ludwig I , Count of Ziegenhain and Nidda (* around 1167 )

• March 14 : Pietro Ziani , Doge of Venice (* around 1153 / 1155 )
• March 23rd : William of Ecublens , Bishop of Lausanne
• March 29th : Guido V , Vice Count of Limoges
• April 17th : Bernhard I , Count von Lebenau and Vogt of the Salzburg Cathedral Monastery and the St. Emmeram and Seeon monasteries

• Mid-June: as-Sakkākī , Arabic grammarian and rhetorician (* 1160 )
• June 24th : Walter III. Brisebarre , Lord of Caesarea, Connétable of the Kingdom of Cyprus (* around 1180 )

• September 12 : William II , Vice Count of Béarn
• October 10 : Henry de Beaumont, 5th Earl of Warwick , English magnate (* around 1192 )

Grave sculpture of Gerhard IV.

• October 22 : Gerhard IV. , Count of Geldern (* around 1185 )
• October 23 : Heinrich von Köln , German preacher and Dominican prior
• December 25th : Hermann II , Lord of Lippe and Rheda (* 1175 )

Exact date of death unknown

• Blanka of Navarre , regent of Navarre and Countess of Champagne
• Heinrich II. , Margraf of Namur (* around 1212 )
• Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī ar-Rūmī , Arab geographer of Greek descent (* around 1179 )
• Friedrich , Count of Ziegenhain and Wegebach, Vogt of Staufenberg and Reichenbach (* around 1155 )

Web links

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