as-Sakkākī
Siraj ad-Din Abu Yaqub Yusuf ibn Abi Bakr ibn Muhammad al-Chwarazmi as-Sakkaki ( Arabic سراج الدين ابو يوسف بن ابى بكر بن محمد الخوارزمى السكاكى, DMG Sirāǧ ad-Dīn Abū Yaʿqūb Yūsuf b. Abī Bakr b. Muḥammad al-Ḫ v ārazmī as-Sakkākī ; * May 11, 1160 in Choresm ; † mid-June 1229 in Qaryat al-Kindī, Fergana ) was an influential Arabic grammarian and rhetorician.
Life
Although as-Sakkākī was already famous during his lifetime, little is known about his biography - a fact that can be traced back to the Mongolian conquests of this era. Many of the traditional stories are therefore more in the area of legends: he is said to have originally been an accomplished blacksmith (hence his laqab ) who only turned to learning at the relatively advanced age of 30. He was also a master of magic and the occult arts. As-Sakkākī seems to have survived the fall of the Khorezm Shahs and the takeover of power by the Mongols well, as he was in the retinue of Chagatai Khan in Almāligh, where he was then imprisoned on the basis of slander by Chagatai's vizier and after three years in prison passed away.
plant
As-Sakkākī's fame and historical significance is based on his seminal work "Keys to the Sciences" ( Miftāḥ al-ʿulūm ), which covers all aspects of Arabic linguistics with the exception of lexicography . In the third part, that on stylistics and metaphor , there is for the first time the division of Arabic rhetoric ( ʿilm al-balāġa ) into three areas, each of which includes certain types of stylistic devices .
literature
- WP Heinrichs: al-Sakkākī . In: CE Bosworth et al. (Ed.): The Encyclopaedia of Islam . 2nd Edition. Brill, Leiden [u. a.] 1995, ISBN 90-04-09834-8 , pp. VIII: 893a-4b .
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | as-Sakkākī |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | as-Sakkaki |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Arabic grammarian and rhetorician |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 11, 1160 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Chorus |
| DATE OF DEATH | on June 15, 1229 |
| Place of death | Fergana |