1233
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1233
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Calendar overview 1233
Map with all linked sites: | 1233 | |
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| 1233 in other calendars | |
| Armenian calendar | 681/682 (turn of the year July) |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1225/26 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1776/77 (southern Buddhism); 1775/76 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana ) |
| Chinese calendar | 65th (66th) cycle
Year of the Water Snake癸巳 ( at the beginning of the year Water Dragon 壬辰) |
| Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam) | 595/596 (turn of the year April) |
| Iranian calendar | 611/612 |
| Islamic calendar | 630/631 (New Year 6/7 October) |
| Jewish calendar | 4993/94 (September 5-6) |
| Coptic calendar | 949/950 |
| Malayalam calendar | 408/409 |
| Seleucid era | Babylon: 1543/44 (turn of the year April)
Syria: 1544/45 (turn of the year October) |
| Spanish era | 1271 |
| Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar) | 1289/90 (turn of the year April) |
Events
Politics and world events
Crusader States
- April: Lombard War : King Henry I conquers Kyrenia, the last fortress held by imperial troops in the Kingdom of Cyprus . The imperial governor Richard Filangieri flees to the Kingdom of Jerusalem in Tire . Here, however, he also faces the rebellious barons under John I of Beirut , who form their own government in Acre under the formal reign of Odo von Montbéliard . The Principality of Antioch , the County of Tripoli and the Kingdom of Lesser Armenia are neutral in the intra-Christian conflict.
- A campaign of the Latin Empire under Baldwin II and Johann von Brienne against the Empire of Nikaia under John III. is canceled after a few weeks without success.
Holy Roman Empire
- A first crusade by the diocese of Bremen against the Stedinger farmers is only successful in Osterstade .
- Duke Otto II of Bavaria breaks into the territory of the Austrian Babenbergs , to which he is subject, however, after the occupation of the city of Wels .
- Konrad von Thuringia and Counts Berthold I. von Ziegenhain and Gottfried IV. Von Ziegenhain-Nidda conclude a protection and defensive alliance against Archbishop Siegfried III. von Mainz , against whom he has repeatedly been campaigning for several years.
Kingdom of England
- January: King Henry III. of England confiscates crown goods from supporters of Hubert de Burgh, who was overthrown in the previous year, and distributes them to supporters of the new justiciar Peter des Roches . This favoritism aroused growing opposition to the Roches rule. In July, Richard Marshal, 3rd Earl of Pembroke , began a revolt against King Henry III, which grew into an open rebellion until August, although it was limited to the Welsh Marches . Pembroke receives support from the Welsh prince Llywelyn from Iorwerth , who has been waging a war against England since 1231 .
Matthew Paris : William Marshal fighting the royal troops
- November 11th : Henry III suffers at Grosmont Castle . a heavy defeat against the insurgents. A Welsh attack on Monmouth Castle leads to a bloody battle on November 25th after which they can capture the castle. From the end of the year, a Welsh force led by Rhys Gryg , Maelgwn Fychan and Owain ap Gruffydd besieged Carmarthen Castle in South Wales . The Pembroke rebellion is not supported by any other English baron.
City rights and first documentary mentions
- Eiersheim , Hiltrup , Lautenbach , Mauren TG , Pirna , Ruswil and Saubach are first mentioned in a document.
- Gendt , Oldenburg in Holstein and Rheinberg receive city rights .
- Kulm takes over Magdeburg law .
science and technology
- around 1233: Al-Mustansir , Caliph of the Abbasids , founds the al-Mustansiriyya University in Baghdad .
society
- September: The Gibet de Montfaucon gallows is first mentioned in a document.
religion
Buddhism
Christianity
- June 11th : Pope Gregory IX. sends the letter Vox in Rama to Emperor Friedrich II. and his son, King Heinrich , in which he "informs" about an alleged new group of heretics in Germany, the Luciferians . On June 13th an identical notification was sent to Archbishop Siegfried III. von Mainz , to Bishop Konrad II of Hildesheim and to Konrad von Marburg , and the next day another to the bishops of the ecclesiastical province of Mainz .
- September 20 : Edmund Rich is elected Archbishop of Canterbury . On October 10th, King Heinrich III. of England of choice too. The office of Archbishop has been vacant since Richard Grant's death in August 1231 , and Edmund is the fourth candidate to be elected as new Archbishop by the Cathedral Chapter. The other three candidates, Chancellor Ralph de Neville , John of Sittingbourne , the prior of Christ Church in Canterbury and Master John Blund , a scholar from Chichester, are each on the advice of Archdeacon Simon Langton from Pope Gregory IX. has been rejected.
- December 19 : The Töss Monastery is founded with the approval of the Bishop of Constance by Count Hartmann IV. And Hartmann V. von Kyburg .
- In Florence found seven merchants the Ordo Servorum Mariae .
- The Kärkna Monastery in Estonia is founded.
- Agnes of Bohemia founds the Knights of the Cross with the Red Star in Prague .
Born
- June / July: Ibn Manzur , Arabic lexicographer and author († 1311 / 1312 )
- August 15 : Philipp Benizi , Italian saint and founder of the order, superior general of the Servites († 1285 )
- an-Nawawī , Arab Sunni lawyer and traditional scholar of the Shafiite direction and author († 1277 )
Died
Date of death secured
- February 11 : Ermengarde de Beaumont , Scottish Queen Consort
- March 6th : Thomas I , Count of Savoy (* 1177 )
- March 27th / 28th : Herold , abbot of the Benedictine monastery in Münsterschwarzach
- April 11th : Reiner von Osnabrück , German hermit, blessed of the Catholic Church
- July 26th : Wilbrand von Oldenburg , Bishop of Paderborn and Bishop of Utrecht (* before 1180)
- July 29th : Savary de Mauléon , French knight and baron, lord of Mauléon, Châtelaillon, Fontenay, Talmont and others, Seneschal des Poitou (* around 1180 )
- 30 July : Conrad of Marburg , German priests and crusade preacher, Inquisitor, politicians and confessor of Elizabeth of Hungary (* around 1180 / 1190 )
- August 25 : Berthold von Helfenstein , Bishop of Chur
- November 22nd : Helena of Denmark , Duchess of Lüneburg (* around 1180 )
Exact date of death unknown
- March: Bohemond IV , Prince of Antioch, Count of Tripoli
- March / May: Simon von Joinville , Seneschal of Champagne
- Alix of Montferrat , Queen of Cyprus (* 1210 )
- Al-Āmidī , Islamic legal scholar and theologian (* 1157 )
- Christian II , Count of Oldenburg
- William Comyn, Earl of Buchan , Scottish nobleman (* around 1150 )
- Ferdinand , Count of Flanders and Hainaut
- Guy I. de Lévis , French knight and crusader, lord of Mirepoix (* around 1180 )
- Ibn al-Athīr , Muslim historian (* 1160 )
- Jolante von Courtenay , Queen of Hungary (* around 1200 )
- Konoe Motomichi , Regent of Japan (* 1160 )
- Konrad II of Tegerfelden , Bishop of Constance
- Conrad II , Bishop of Cammin
- Wartislaw , Pomeranian nobleman
- Yasang Chökyi Mönlam , person of Tibetan Buddhism, monastery founder (* 1169 )
Died around 1233
Web links
Commons : 1233 - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
