1243

Portal history | Portal Biographies | Current events | Annual calendar

◄ | 12th century | 13th century | 14th century | ►
◄ | 1210s | 1220s | 1230s | 1240s | 1250s | 1260s | 1270s | ►
◄◄ | ◄ | 1239 | 1240 | 1241 | 1242 | 1243 | 1244 | 1245 | 1246 | 1247 | ► | ►►

Heads of State · Nekrolog

 Map with all linked sites: OSM | WikiMap

1243
Sinisbaldo Fieschi , Count of Lavagna, becomes Pope Innocent IV.	Bern and Friborg commit themselves to mutual assistance in a federal letter .
1243 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	691/692 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1235/36
Buddhist calendar	1786/87 (southern Buddhism); 1785/86 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	65th (66th) cycle Year of the water hare癸卯 ( at the beginning of the year water tiger 壬寅)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	605/606 (turn of the year April)
Iranian calendar	621/622
Islamic calendar	640/641 (turn of the year 20/21 June)
Jewish calendar	5003/04 (September 16/17)
Coptic calendar	959/960
Malayalam calendar	418/419
Seleucid era	Babylon: 1553/54 (turn of the year April) Syria: 1554/55 (turn of the year October)
Spanish era	1281
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1299/1300 (turn of the year April)

Events

Politics and world events

Holy Roman Empire

• May 1st : With a peace treaty between Dietrich von Altena-Isenberg and Adolf I. von der Mark , the Isenberg turmoil ends after more than a decade . Dietrich received the county of Limburg , and the counterparties shared about half of the Isenberg estates among themselves.

• The cities of Bern and Freiburg undertake to provide mutual assistance. This is the oldest known and preserved federal letter .

View of San Marino

• In San Marino for the first time - based on the old Roman consular principle  - two Capitani Reggenti are elected as joint heads of state for six months each, a regulation that is still valid today.

• 1242 /1243: Heinrich Raspe appoints Henry , the son of his step-sister Jutta from the family of Wettin in the event of his death to succeed as Landgrave of Thuringia .

France / Occitania

Montségur

• Mid-April: In Béziers , a council is held under the direction of Archbishop Pierre Amiel von Narbonne , in which, among other things, a crusade against Montségur Castle will be decided after the Faydits there murdered two papal inquisitors the previous year.
• May: The siege of Montségur , the last place of retreat of the Cathars after the end of the Albigensian Crusade , begins under the command of Hugues d'Arcis . The commander of the defending garrison is Pierre Roger II. De Mirepoix .
• December: The besiegers manage to surprise the crew of an outpost of the castle over difficult terrain and to conquer it.

Mongol storm

Battle of the Köse Dağ, miniature from the work Flor des estoires de la terre d'Orient by the Armenian historian Hethum von Korykos

• June 26th to July 3rd : Mongol Storm : The battle of the Köse Dağ between the Mongols and the Sultanate of Rum ends with a clear victory for the Mongols under their leader Baiju against an army of Seljuks , Georgians and fighters from the Trapezunt Empire under Kai Chosrau II. The immediate consequence of the battle is the decline of the Sultanate of Rum and the rule of the Mongols over most of Anatolia . Larger cities like Erzincan , Sivas and Kayseri are looted and many of their residents are killed. The sultan's vizier, Mühezzibüddin Ali , entered into negotiations with the Mongols and was able to persuade them not to advance further west; Kai Chosrau II, however, has to submit to them as a vassal.

• Queen Rusudan formally submits to the Golden Horde of the Mongols under Batu Khan and has her son David VI. recognized as the King of Georgia . To do this, however, he has to travel to the court of the Great Khan in Karakoram .

Asia

• After the death of Indravarman II , Jayavarman VIII becomes king of the Khmer in the kingdom of Angkor .

City rights and first documentary mentions

• May 8th : Klingnau is called a city for the first time.
• November 24th : In a document from King Konrad IV , Bubenreuth is named as Bubenrode for the first time.

• King Wenceslas I of Bohemia founds Brno as a royal city .
• Adligenswil , Anklam , Berg am Irchel , Bubenreuth , Gaggenau , Jonen and Moosleerau are first mentioned in a document.
• The Castel Monreale in Faedo in northern Italy's Trentino , built by the Counts of Eppan , is first mentioned in a document.

society

• November 23rd : Richard of Cornwall , younger brother of King Henry III of England . , married in Westminster Abbey Sancha of Provence , the daughter of Raimund Berengar V of Provence and Beatrix of Savoy .

religion

Buddhism

Eihei-ji

• Dogen leaves the monastery Kosho-ji and founded the Eihei-ji , a Buddhist monastery in the province of Echizen in Japan . It is one of the two main monasteries in the Sōtō - Zen line .

Christianity

Papacy and church hierarchy

• June 15 : After a sedis vacancy of 585 days, the conclave to elect the successor to Pope Celestine IV, who died on November 10, 1241 , begins in Anagni .
• June 25th : Sinisbaldo Fieschi, Count of Lavagna, is elected Pope and takes the name Innocent IV . On June 28 , the carried enthronement .
• August: Heinrich I von Raron succeeds Boso de Granges , who died in July, as Bishop of Sitten .
• After Heinrich I , who died on October 7th, Ulrich was raised to the rank of Bishop of Seckau by the Archbishop of Salzburg , Eberhard von Regensberg .

Foundations of monasteries

• March 20 : The Throne monastery is donated.

• The Katharinenkloster Augsburg is founded.
• The monastery Hemiksem founded.

Others

• May 13th : the Sankt-Jakobi-Kirche in old town near Magdeburg is first mentioned in a document.

• The papal legate Wilhelm von Modena divides the Teutonic Order in Prussia into four dioceses. This is how the dioceses of Samland , Warmia , Kulm and Pomesanien arise . They are subordinate to the Archdiocese of Riga .
• Thomas Aquinas joins the Dominican order .
• Bonaventure enters the Franciscan order .
• The relics of St. Simeon are transferred to Zadar in Dalmatia . Since then, the saint has been venerated there as the city's patron .

Born

Date of birth saved

• May 31 : Jacob II , King of Mallorca († 1311 )
• June 6th : Alix of Brittany , French nobleman and crusader († 1288 )
• June 28 : Go-Fukakusa , Emperor of Japan († 1304 )
• September 2 : Gilbert de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford , English nobleman († 1295 )

Exact date of birth unknown

• Künpang Thugje Tsöndrü , Lama of the Jonang tradition of Tibetan Buddhism and founder of the Jonang Monastery († 1313 )
• Geoffrey of Langley , English diplomat and crusader († 1307 )
• Leutold I. von Kuenring-Dürnstein , Austrian Ministeriale († 1312 )
• Waldemar , King of Sweden († 1302 )

Born around 1243

• Isabella of Aragón , Queen of France († 1271 )
• Ricoldo da Monte di Croce , Florentine missionary to the Orient and critic of Islam († 1320 )
• Aegidius Romanus , scholastic and Augustinian hermit († 1316 )
• James Stewart , High Stewart and Guardian of Scotland († 1309 )

Died

Date of death secured

• January 1st : Bouchard V , Lord of Montmorency
• January 16 : Hermann V , Margrave of Baden and Titular Margrave of Verona (* before 1190)
• February 20 : Romano Bonaventura , Italian Cardinal, Cardinal Bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina, Legate for France

• May 7 : Hugh d'Aubigny, 5th Earl of Arundel , English magnate (* around 1215 )
• May 12th : Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent , English nobleman, Justiciar of England (* around 1165 )
• 2. / July 13 : Boso de Granges , Bishop of Sion

• October 7th : Heinrich I , Bishop of Seckau
• October 15 : Hedwig von Andechs , Duchess of Silesia and saint of the Roman Catholic Church (* 1174 )

Exact date of death unknown

• before June 5: Constantia of Austria , Austrian nobleman, Margravine of Meißen (* 1212 )
• June: Yelü Chucai , Mongolian official, member of the ruling house of the Kitan

• Abu el-Haggag , Sufi Sheikh (* around 1150 )

Tomb of Ermengols IX.

• Ermengol IX. , Earl of Urgell
• Hawise of Chester , English noblewoman, Countess of Lincoln (* between 1174 and 1181)
• Haymo von Faversham , English Franciscan and Scholar (* around 1200 )
• Ponç , Count of Urgell
• Richard de Burgh , Anglo-Irish nobleman, legal advisor of Ireland and conqueror of Connacht (* before 1194)
• Simon von Chieti , follower of Emperor Frederick II.

Died around 1243

• Indravarman II , King of the Khmer Empire of Angkor

Web links

Commons : 1243  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files