Leutold I. von Kuenring-Dürnstein

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Leutold and his wife Agnes hold a model of the Zwettl monastery church, including their children. F . 64 v of the " bear skin " with the name Fundator tertius added later .
Coat of arms of the Kuenringer

Leutold I. von Kuenring-Dürnstein (* 1243 ; † June 18, 1312 ) belonged to the ministerial family of the Kuenringer in Ostarrîchi and is considered the "third donor" (tertius fundator) of the Zwettl monastery after Hadmar I and Hadmar II .

Life

Leutold I. was born as the eldest son of Albero V. (* ~ 1210/15; † January 8, 1260), the progenitor of the Kuenring-Dürnstein line, and Gertrud von Wildon. The main focus of Kuenring's interests lay in Dürnstein and Weitra after a division of lines under Albero V. After Albero's death in 1260, his brother Heinrich IV , the progenitor of the Kuenring-Weitra-Seefeld line, took over the management role of the house. Both father and uncle von Leutold were among the pillars of the rule of the Bohemian King Ottokar II in Austria, while Leutold and his two younger brothers, Albero VI. (* 1244/45; † 1278) and Heinrich VI. (* 1252; † January 31, 1286) on the side of King Rudolf I of Habsburg . Leutold and his two brothers fought in 1278 in the battle of Dürnkrut and Jedenspeigen on the side of Rudolf against Ottokar, where Leutold's brother Albero was killed.

After his uncle Heinrich and his son of the same name - his relatives from the Weitraer line - had lost property and office due to conspiracy against Rudolf and fled into exile, Leutold was the eldest representative of the house. On July 21, 1280, he took over the city and regional court of Zwettl from Rudolf I as a pledge and stayed here frequently, as can be seen from the documents he sealed in Zwettl. As one of the most important personalities of the von Kuenring family, he was not only a patron of the city, who donated a mill to the Bürgerspital in 1295, but also of Zwettl Abbey .

As sworn councilors, he and his brother Heinrich were to support King Rudolf's successor, Albrecht I , in the administration of the country. Leutold married Agnes von Feldsberg's first marriage around 1269, his brother also married her sister Alheid in 1276. Both marriages brought the Kuenringer rule Feldsberg as well as the enfeoffment with the Reichslehen Seefeld , which later became one of the dominion centers of the Kuenringer.

The initially good relationship between Leutold and Albrecht deteriorated because of his refusal to confirm the rights of the landlords. After an unsuccessful uprising of the nobility broke out in 1295, at the head of which Leutold von Kuenring was also involved, he had to submit to the document of June 25, 1296 and swear the oath of allegiance, which finally lost the castle and town of Weitra. With this, Albrecht had succeeded in preventing the development of a closed Kuenringer rule in the upper Waldviertel. Leutold was still one of the richest and most powerful aristocrats in the country, although the temporary pledging of Wolfstein and Spitz temporarily weakened the power of the Kuenringers in the Wachau .

Kuenringer family tree on fol. 8r of the "bear skin"

Leutold personally took care of the administration of his property and the house monastery Zwettl and reconciled it after the damage caused by his grandfather and great uncle Hadmar III. and his younger brother Heinrich III. (I.), the "dogs" of Kuenring, had found out with the Kuenringers through rich donations. The establishment of the Zwettler Stifterbuch, the bear skin , is closely related to his work in that, under Abbot Ebro (1273–1304), he promoted the compilation of Zwettler documents in preparation, in which the history of the house and the donations to the monastery are documented . All of this earned him the name tertius fundator .

His generosity is demonstrated by the fact that, in addition to Zwettl, he also donated the nuns in the Cistercian convent of St. Bernhard bei Horn , the Dominican convent of Imbach , founded by his in-laws Albero von Feldsberg and Gisela von Ort in 1269, and the Schottenstift in Vienna near his town hall with its foundations. According to a document dated March 11, 1289, he gave the Poor Clares a building site for a monastery building in Dürnstein , founded the Poor Clare Monastery in 1294 after completion of the construction work and is said to have considered entering the monastery himself. At the instigation of Albrecht I, who did not want to lose Leutold to the monastery, at the beginning of 1300 Leutold married Agnes von Asberg, a relative of Albrecht's who is also said to have been related to St. Elisabeth of Thuringia . This marriage not only emphasized Leutold's rank, but also the secular and spiritual dignity of the Zwettler monks.

After the death of Leutold I. von Kuenring-Dürnstein in 1312, his widow initially held the property together, and subsequently passed on to various noble families through inheritance. A large part of the goods in the Wachau, with its headquarters in Dürnstein, came to the Maissauer via Leutold's granddaughter , while another part was transferred to the Wallseer via Kuenringerin Elsbeth . Nizzo II. (* ~ 1346/47; † 1405) from the Weitra line, who called himself Kuenring-Seefeld, continued the aristocratic tradition.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "The oldest seal of the Zwettler citizenship" on the website of the municipality of Zwettl , accessed on August 15, 2016
  2. ^ "The Zwettler Spital in the Middle Ages" on the website of the municipality of Zwettl , accessed on August 15, 2016
  3. ↑ "The dispute between Liechtensteiners a. Kuenringer ”on the website of the municipality of Zwettl , accessed on August 15, 2016
  4. ↑ Senftenberg (Lower Austria) #religion
  5. ↑ "Das Klarissenkloster Dürnstein" in the Marburg repertory on translation literature in early German humanism , accessed on August 15, 2016
  6. ^ "Leutold I. von Kuenring-Dürnstein" in the Lower Austrian Chronicle , accessed on August 15, 2016
personal data
SURNAME Leutold I. von Kuenring-Dürnstein
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian ministerial nobleman, son of Albero V.
DATE OF BIRTH 1243
DATE OF DEATH June 18, 1312