Kuenringer

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Coat of arms of the Kuenringer

The Kuenringer (also Herren von Kuenring, or Chuenring (r) ) were an Austrian ministerial family . The first documentary mention dates back to 1132. The last Kuenringer died in 1594.

Conrad III. (Middle) with Leopold IV of Bavaria (left) and Hadmar I. von Kuenring, "Bärenhaut", fol. 8v, pen drawing 14th century

history

After Azzo von Gobatsburg , the founder of the family from Saxony or the Rhineland ( Trier ), came to what is now Lower Austria in the 11th century in the wake of a son of Margrave Leopold I , the family acquired it, according to a document dated December 29th 1056, three Königshufen in Hezimaneswisa today Hetzmannswiesen , and then by their feudal knights and wehrbauer populated possessions in the Waldviertel , Weinviertel and the Wachau. They played a key role in the country's economic and cultural development. Hadmar I. founded Zwettl Abbey in 1137 and built the Kühnring family castle in what is now the market town of Burgschleinitz-Kühnring . There was also a Kuenringerburg in Wullersdorf in the 12th century, and Schöngrabern was owned by the Kuenringers when the Romanesque church was built.

In the 13th century they headed the rebels against the Babenberg Duke Friedrich II. They were instrumental in the establishment of the Bohemian King Ottokar Přemysl and later stood in opposition to the Habsburg Albrecht I. Around 1250, the Dürnstein and Weitra lines were created. Seefeld, although from 1355 only the Weitra-Seefeld line continued and reunited the entire property. The Kuenringer of the Weitra-Seefeld line owned many Brandenburg fiefdoms in Austria .

The Kuenringer died out in 1594. The last Kuenringer was Johann VI. Ladislaus (alias Hans Lasla von Kuenring), who died on December 9, 1594 and was not buried until April 9, 1595 in the parish church of Seefeld . His grave was never found. The heirs of the Kuenringers are the Liechtensteiners , whose coat of arms is part of the "Chuenring coat of arms".

In the legend, the "dogs of Kuenring" live as the brothers Hadmar III. and Heinrich III. were named, gone on as relentless robber barons , but that is a distorting later representation.

The coat of arms of the Kuenringer (around 1310). Photo montage from excerpts from the Kuenringer family tree in the " Bear's Skin ", fol. 8r.

coat of arms

The best known Kuenringer coat of arms is the ring coat of arms, the red ring on a silver background. It appears for the first time in the Zwettler Stifterbuch (around 1310), the so-called bear skin , and after the name Kuenring is interpreted as the ring of the bold : here the Chuenen have ditz landes on a ring .

The coat of arms never appeared in the seals of the Kuenringers even in legal transactions. Possibly it emerged as a secondary sign from the interpretation of the name and became a symbol for Kuenringian affiliation, especially in the coats of arms of their feudal people.

For a long time the coat of arms of the Kuenringer was that of Aggstein with the natural-colored ax on a black handle over a black mountain of stones. They either adopted this coat of arms from the lords of Aggstein or demonstratively developed it after taking over their rule.

It is replaced by the bar coat of arms: five bars on a golden background, which is similar to the Saxon coat of arms . Saxony was written under it in the Zwettler Stifterbuch . How this coat of arms came to be used by the Kuenringers cannot be determined precisely, certainly not through relationship. One opportunity could be the marriage of Agnes, daughter of Duke Leopold VI, from Babenberg. (1198–1230), with Albrecht von Sachsen , with whom a Kuenringer earned merit or could have received the right to use the prince's coat of arms at a solemn ceremony or tournament. In any case, the bar coat of arms remained the most common Kuenringer coat of arms. The princes von und zu Liechtenstein have it today as part of their coat of arms, there with a diamond-shaped wreath, which, like the coat of arms of the dukes, electors and kings of Saxony, is a later ingredient and thus reinforces the similarity to confusion.

Kuenringer family tree, "Bear skin", fol. 8r (around 1310)

genealogy

  1. Azzo von Gobatsburg († around 1100)
    1. Anshelm (* around 1058, † around 1137)
      1. Azzo († before 1131)
    2. Rizzo (also Nizzo) († before 1114) ⚭ Truta
      1. Hadmar I. von Kuenring († May 27, 1138), childless
      2. Albero II († around 1163), childless
      3. Dietmar (* around 1098, † after 1114), childless
      4. Piligrim / Pelegrin von Zwettl († around 1166), clergyman
    3. Albero I. († around 1118)
      1. Albero III. von Kuenring (* 1115/18, † August 15, 1182) ⚭ Elisabeth
        1. Hadmar II von Kuenring (* around 1135, † July 22, 1217) ⚭ around 1170 Eufemia von Mistelbach
          1. Albero IV. († after 1220), ⚭ November 10, 1208 NN, childless
          2. Hadmar III. von Kuenring (~ 1180- ~ 1231), (dog of Kuenring)
            1. Albero V. von Kuenring-Dürnstein (* ~ 1210/15, † 8 January 1260), progenitor of the Kuenring-Dürnstein line, ⚭ 1240 Gertrude von Wildon
              1. Leutold I. von Kuenring-Dürnstein (* 1243, † June 18, 1312), ⚭ I ~ 1269 Agnes von Feldsberg († September 1, 1299), ⚭ II 1300 Agnes von Asperg († 1341)
                1. Agnes (died as a toddler)
                2. Clara (died as a toddler)
                3. Johann (also Jann; * 1302, † February 1348), ⚭ Agnes von Maissau
                  1. Leutold III. († August 4, 1355), childless, ⚭ 1353 Alheid von Wallsee zu Drosendorf
                  2. Anna († 1385), ⚭ Heidenreich von Maissau († 1381)
                4. Hadmar (* / † 1303)
                5. Else / Elsbeth, ⚭ Witigo von Landstein
                6. Agnes, ⚭ Andreas von Liechtenstein
                7. Leutold II. (* 1308, † August 21, 1348), ⚭ Sophie von Maissau
                  1. Agnes, ⚭ Friedrich von Wallsee († 1362)
                  2. Klara, ⚭ Friedrich von Wallsee zu Drosendorf and Pottenstein
                  3. Elsbeth († 1379), childless, ⚭ Eberhard VIII. Von Walsee († 1363)
              2. Albero VI. (* 1244/45, † 1278), childless
              3. Heinrich IV. (VI.) (* 1252, † January 31, 1286), childless, ⚭ I 1276 Alheid von Feldsberg († 1284), ⚭ II 1285 Katharina von Neuhaus
            2. Heinrich II. (IV.) (* ~ 1220, † May 12, 1293), progenitor of the Kuenring-Weitra-Seefeld line, ⚭ Kunigunde
              1. Heinrich V (VII.) (* ~ 1241/45, † 1281), ⚭ 1275, Elisabeth, illegitimate daughter of King Ottokar II. Přemysl
                1. Hadmar VII († 1303), childless
                2. Henry VI. (VIII.) Pulko († after 1340), ⚭ Maria
                  1. Anna
                3. Kunigunde
              2. Albero VII. (* ~ 1270, † 1342), ⚭ I 1297 Agnes von Capellen († 1318), ⚭ II ~ 1320 Herburgis von Pettau
                1. Johann II. († January 26, 1349), ⚭ 1345 Anna von Wallsee zu Enns († 1368)
                  1. Nizzo II./Neiz/Seiz/Azzo (* ~ 1346/47, † 1405), ⚭ I 1367 Margaretha von Pottendorf, ⚭ II Agnes von Wartenberg
                    1. Bernhard († 1396/97)
                    2. Achaz († ~ 1425), ⚭ 1407 Barbara von Stubenberg
                      1. Achaz II. († ~ 1429), ⚭ NN von Stubenberg
                      2. Johann / Hanns / Janns († 1446), ⚭ ~ 1435 Anna von Stubenberg
                      3. Albero / Albrecht († 1444), ⚭ Katharina von Leippa
                      4. Georg / Jörg († 1464/65), ⚭ I Magdalena von Volkersdorf, ⚭ II Barbara von Kreig
                        1. Balthasar (* ~ 1445, † ~ 1500), ⚭ I ~ 1465 Elsbeth von Liechtenstein-Murau, ⚭ II Barbara von Montfort
                          1. George II († before 1500)
                          2. Johann IV. (* 1481, † April 28, 1513), ⚭ 1501 Anna von Zelking zu Weinberg
                            1. Wilhelm († October 6, 1541), ⚭ I 1532 Salome von Roggendorf, ⚭ II Sibilla von Fugger (⚭ II 1534 Wilhelm von Puchheim)
                              1. Elisabeth
                            2. Marquard († 1571), ⚭ I Elisabeth von Starhemberg († 1556), ⚭ II 1557 Katharina von Polheim
                              1. Johann V.
                              2. Albero IX. († 1589), ⚭ I Barbara von Scherfenberg zu Hochenwang, ⚭ II Barbara von Rottenburg
                                1. George
                                2. Elisabeth († 1591)
                              3. Azzo III.
                              4. Anna
                              5. Juliana
                              6. Rosina
                              7. Maximiliana
                              8. Elisabeth
                              9. Johann VI. Ladislaus / Hanns Lasla († December 9, 1594), ⚭ 1579/80 Maria Salome von Polheim, ⚭ II 1598 Günter von der Goltz
                                1. John VII († 1590)
                              10. Maria Magdalena, ⚭ Hanns von Zinzendorf
                            3. Christof († 1542), ⚭ Katharina von Boskoviz
                              1. Margaretha
                            4. Balthasar II. († 1547), ⚭ Anastasia von Zelking
                            5. Florian († June 17, 1534)
                          3. Anna († 1510), ⚭ Wolfgang von Kreig
                          4. Ehrentrud, ⚭ 1504 Jakob von Clement
                        2. Amalia, ⚭ Hanns von Kranichberg
                      5. Ursula
                    3. Agnes, ⚭ 1408 Johann II of Liechtenstein-Nikolsburg
                    4. Agnes, ⚭ Hanns von Neiperg
                  2. Elsbeth, ⚭ 1363 Otto von Kiau
              3. Hadmar VI. († ~ 1271)
              4. Adelheid († 1281), ⚭ Wulfing von Kiau
              5. Maria († 1320), ⚭ I Reinbert / Reinprecht von Ebersdorf († 1288), ⚭ II 1289 Eberhard II von Wallsee
            3. Gisela († before 1270), ⚭ Schetscho von Budevice
          3. Heinrich I. (III.) (~ 1185–1233), (dog from Kuenring) , ⚭ Adelheid von Falkenstein – Neuburg
            1. Hadmar IV. (* Around 1205/08, † ~ 1250), childless
            2. Henry III. (V.) (* around 1205/08, † ~ 1241), childless
            3. Offemia (* ~ 1211/15, † after 1283), ⚭ I 1233 Irnfrid von Hindberg († 1237), ⚭ II 1238/39 Rudolf von Pottendorf
          4. Gisela, ⚭ November 10, 1208 Ulrich von Falkenberg
        2. Gisela († after 1192), ⚭ Leutwin von Sunnberg († 1190/92)
      2. Heinrich I (von Zebing) († after 1160)
      3. Heinrich II. (Von Guntramsdorf) († around 1177), childless
      4. Rapoto von Schönberg († after 1176)
        1. Rapoto II.
        2. Hadmar
      5. Otto von Purchartstorf († after 1183)
        1. Rapoto
        2. Heinrich

buildings

  • Wall remains of the family castle

  • Remains of the castle in Kühnring

  • Plaque at the rectory in Wullersdorf

literature

Web links

Commons : Kuenringer  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gottfried Edmund Friess: The Lords of Kuenring: a contribution to the nobility history of the Archduchy of Austria under the Enns . Association for regional studies of Lower Austria, 1874 ( google.de [accessed on July 29, 2020]).
  2. ^ A b Wilhelm J. Wagner: History of Austria - data and fact cards . Niederösterreichisches Pressehaus / NP Buchverlag, St. Pölten 2002, ISBN 3-85326-154-X , p. 147 .
  3. ^ Rupert Feuchtmüller : Schöngrabern - Die Steinerne Bibel Verlag Herold Wien / Munich 1979, 2nd edition 1980, ISBN 3-7008-0167-X , page 9
  4. ^ Thomas Hofmann and Nikolaus Korab: Weinviertel - wonderful, unexplored, hidden , Pichler-Verlag Vienna, 2003, ISBN 3-85431-312-8 , p. 44 ff
  5. ↑ K. Brunner, in: Die Kuenringer - Das Werden des Landes Niederösterreich, catalog of the Lower Austrian State Museum, new series no. 110, 1981, p. 43ff.
  6. ↑ a b Entry on Kuenringer in the database Gedächtnis des Landes for the history of Lower Austria ( Museum Niederösterreich )