Gangelt

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As the only district in the Gangelt community, the Gangelt district does not have its own lemma. It is therefore to be feared that these two terms with the same name have been confused in parts of the article.


coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the Gangelt community
Gangelt
Map of Germany, position of the municipality Gangelt highlighted

Coordinates: 50 ° 59 ′  N , 6 ° 0 ′  E

Basic data
State : North Rhine-Westphalia
Administrative region : Cologne
Circle : Heinsberg
Height : 60 m above sea level NHN
Area : 48.72 km 2
Residents: 12,576 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 258 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 52538
Primaries : 02454, 02455Template: Infobox municipality in Germany / maintenance / area code contains text
License plate : HS, ERK, GK
Community key : 05 3 70 008
LOCODE : DE GGT
Community structure: 19 districts
Address of the
municipal administration: 		Burgstrasse 10
52538 Gangelt
Website : www.gangelt.de
Mayor : Bernhard Tholen ( CDU )
Location of the community Gangelt in the district of Heinsberg
Niederlande Kreis Düren Kreis Viersen Mönchengladbach Rhein-Erft-Kreis Rhein-Kreis Neuss Städteregion Aachen Erkelenz Gangelt Geilenkirchen Heinsberg Hückelhoven Selfkant Übach-Palenberg Waldfeucht Wassenberg Wegbergmap
About this picture

Gangelt is a municipality in the Heinsberg district in North Rhine-Westphalia . The town with its town center, which still reflects the fortified town of the late Middle Ages, is located on the border with the Netherlands in western Germany on the edge of the Rodebach valley .

geography

Waters

In addition to the Rodebach already mentioned, the Saeffeler Bach flows through the municipality. Both bodies of water flowing in an east-west direction are tributaries of the nearby Meuse .

Neighboring communities

Forest damp Heinsberg
Selfkant Wind rose small.svg Geilenkirchen
Sittard Geleen Beekdaelen Übach-Palenberg

Community structure

The following table shows the structure of the municipality (19 districts in total) with the number of residents as of February 25, 2013 (information from the residents' registration office) :

District Residents
total Female male
Birgden 2,990 1,511 1,479
Breberen 848 443 405
Broichhoven 153 79 74
Brüxgen 494 250 244
Bush heather 119 58 61
Gangelt 2,595 1,423 1,172
Harzelt 177 93 84
Hastenrath 516 267 249
Hohenbusch 39 15th 24
Kievelberg 29 15th 14th
Kreuzrath 540 259 281
Langbroich 625 305 320
Inferior 242 117 125
Neighborhood 124 60 64
Niederbusch 553 248 305
Schierwaldenrath 617 300 317
Schümm 94 45 49
Stand 952 464 488
Vinteln 54 26th 28
Gangelt community 11,761 5,978 5,783


history

The following important information is missing from this article or section:
There is no reference to the community of Gangelt as one of the starting points of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany (participation of a corona-infected couple in a carnival session in the Langbroich district , which is considered the starting point together with the Harzelt district ); Reliable sources should be used to show the extent to which the Gangelter cases of infection contributed to the cases in the neighboring Dutch communities, especially those in Sittard - the structure of the section must also be fundamentally revised, preferably chronologically.
Help Wikipedia by researching and pasting it .

City view in Codex Welser around 1720

The place name has Celtic origins. Gangelt was mentioned for the first time in a document in 828 AD. The place was a royal estate at that time . Gangelt later belonged to the von Heinsberg family . In 1301 Gangelt is referred to as an oppidum (town). In 1364 there was a castle, Burg Gangelt . By 1420 at the latest, there was a city fortification with a city wall completely surrounding the city and three gates. In 1472 the Duchy of Jülich became sovereign. At the end of the 18th century, Gangelt lost the status of a town.

Presentation of the story on emergency money

Applied emergency money

At the time of the great inflation of 1921 Gangelt, like most other cities, printed emergency money to stabilize the situation. On the back of the notes there are motifs from Gangelt's story:

  • Gangolphus, a Frankish nobleman, stayed in Gangelt during the spread of Christianity (around 750 AD)
  • Gerwardus, the royal scribe of Charlemagne, stayed in Gangelt (around 827 AD) on his transit from Nijmegen to Aachen.
  • A legend follows on the following two emergency notes:
"The count is blaspheming with a wicked mouth, misfortune is approaching at the same hour". "With walls and battlements and servants - suddenly the count's castle has sunk"
  • Gangelt is attached (1250)
  • Gold minted in the municipal mint around 1360
  • Storming of Gangelt by the Burgundians (1543)
  • A legend follows on the following two emergency notes:
This time, the focus is on the most famous Gangelter legend, that of Gangelter Muhre Penn. “Lock the gate with a carrot, the guards without any conscience. The geese come out chattering and eat the delicious bite. ”-“ The gate is open, the enemy is penetrating and making the guards tremble. The city suffers a lot of shame and pain, but has to surrender in it. "
  • Gangelt was conquered and plundered by the Hessians during the Thirty Years War (around 1643).
  • The French also occupy Gangelt in their raids (1765).
  • In the liberation campaigns against Napoleon, the Cossacks camped in Gangelt (1814).

Religions, Psychiatry and National Socialism

Gangelt, Catholic Church of Saint Nicholas

Most of the Gangelter are Catholic . Even so, other religions and denominations have always played an important role in Gangelt's history.

  • Gangelt Jewish Community
There is evidence that the first Jews lived in Gangelt in 1654. The synagogue , built around 1820, was not burned down during the Reichspogromnacht in 1938, as the church was on a row of houses. For this it was devastated, its inventory and valuable cult objects looted. The ruin has been preserved to this day (Heinsberger Str.). Gangelt has owned a Jewish cemetery since 1877 .
  • Evangelical parish Gangelt
  • New Baptist Church
  • Catholic parish of St. Nikolaus Gangelt
  • The Association of Poor Maidservants of Jesus Christ in Gangelt
On September 29, 1869, the first sisters of the poor servants of Jesus Christ came to Gangelt and opened their branch in Peulen's house, today's parish home next to the parish church of St. Nicholas.
In the years 1873/74 a hospital was opened in the Bruchstrasse was built in which, on November 13, 1875, "a poor mentally weak" was admitted and treated in addition to the sick. In 1935 a kindergarten was built on Neustraße (today's Wallstraße), which later passed to the Catholic parish.
At the town hall of Gangelt a plaque was unveiled on November 9, 1991 in memory of the victims of the Holocaust and " euthanasia " during the Nazi regime in Gangelt:
We remember the Jewish citizens and the disabled and sick,
the victims of the National Socialist tyranny.
The victims admonish us.
With the state health department of the district of Geilenkirchen-Heinsberg, which was newly founded during the Nazi era, an institutional cooperation developed with the Gangelt as well as with the “ Hereditary Health Court ” in Aachen, which has been proven to simplify the forced sterilization process in the sense of National Socialist “ racial hygiene ” between September 1935 and August 1942 routinely met in the institution. According to the " Law for the Prevention of Hereditary Diseased Offspring " of July 14, 1933, the patients of the Gangelt institution were usually forcibly sterilized in the Heinsberg hospital .
A total of 258 patients, including 26 underage girls, were evidently transported to other institutions between 1937 and 1944 for “planned economy” or “imperative reasons for the war effort”. The institutions were 1. the “ children's departments ” ( child euthanasia ) intended for the killing of mentally and physically severely disabled children and adolescents in Waldniel, Lüneburg, Uchtspringe, Ueckermünde and Brandenburg-Görden, 2. the murder institutions at Hadamar, Eichberg, Kaufbeuren, Niedernhart / Linz (Austria), Gugging / Vienna, Wiesengrund / Pilsen (Czech Republic) and Meseritz-Obrawalde (Poland). The vast majority of these Gangelter psychiatry patients found their violent death in the National Socialist killing program “ Aktion T4 ”, the murder of the mentally handicapped and the mentally ill. At today's Gangelt Psychiatric Hospital there is “no memory” of the victims of “euthanasia”. (Literature / sources: see under H. Seipolt)
The poor servants of Jesus Christ in Gangelt now run a kindergarten in Gangelt in addition to the Gangelter facilities Maria Hilf .

Incorporations

Until 1926 the community Gangelt with the localities Gangelt, Mindergangelt, Kreuzrath, Stahe, Niederbusch, Hohenbusch, Langbroich and Harzelt, as well as the community Birgden with the village Birgden belonged to the Gangelt district in the Geilenkirchen district. On October 1, 1926, the villages of Langbroich and Harzelt merged with the village of Schierwaldenrath (municipality of Waldfeucht, Heinsberg district) to form the municipality of Schierwaldenrath. After tough negotiations, the community of Schierwaldenrath continued to join the Waldfeucht office in the Heinsberg district. By merging the two districts of Heinsberg and Geilenkirchen to form the district of Geilenkirchen in 1932 and its renaming in 1933 to the district of Geilenkirchen-Heinsberg, the Gangelt office belonged to a new, larger district area. With the new official regulations of October 8, 1934, all existing offices in the Geilenkirchen-Heinsberg district were dissolved. The municipality of Gangelt (Gangelt, Kreuzrath, Stahe, Niederbusch, Hohenbusch, Mindergangelt) of the dissolved office Gangelt, the municipality of Schierwaldenrath (Langbroich, Harzelt, Schierwaldenrath) of the dissolved office of Waldfeucht and the municipalities of Schümmerquartier (Schümmelen, Hastenrath, Kievelberg, Vievelberg , Brüxgen, Buscherheid) and Breberen (Breberen, Nachbarheide) were merged into a new office "Gangelt". The municipality of Waldenrath belonging to the dissolved office Waldenrath, the municipality of Aphoven of the dissolved office of Aphoven and the municipality of Birgden of the dissolved office of Gangelt were merged to form a new office "Waldenrath". On July 1, 1969, the offices were again dissolved. With the incorporation of the municipality of Birgden from the dissolved Waldenrath office and the municipalities of Gangelt, Schierwaldenrath and Schümmerquartier into the new municipality of Gangelt, the municipal administrative unit as we know it today was formed.

The district of Mindergangelt is under Dutch administration

In 1948 the district of Mindergangelt was annexed by the Netherlands , along with other areas of the Selfkants . The state border now separated the rest of the community Gangelt, which remained with Germany, and Mindergangelt, which was assigned to the Dutch Drostambt Tudderen . It was not until August 1963 that the Netherlands returned the annexed area to Germany, and Mindergangelt became part of the Gangelt community again (while the other formerly Dutch towns were assigned to the new German community Selfkant ).

politics

Local election 2014
Turnout: 53.8% (2009: 57.4%)
 %
60
50
40
30th
20th
10
0
57.8%
16.5%
4.4%
3.6%
17.7%
Otherwise.
Gains and losses
compared to 2009
 % p
   8th
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
  -8th
-7.6  % p
+1.3  % p
+ 4.4  % p
-4.8  % p
+ 6.7  % p
Otherwise.

Municipal council

  • CDU : 19 seats
  • SPD : 6 seats
  • FDP : 2 seats
  • UB : 4 seats
  • FW : 1 seats

(Status: local elections on May 25, 2014 , updated May 31, 2019)

Parties

  • Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU) - Gangelt community association
  • Free Democratic Party (FDP) - Gangelt local branch
  • Party for Labor, Rule of Law, Animal Welfare, Promotion of Elites and grassroots initiative (Die PARTTEI) - Gangelt local association
  • Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) - Gangelt local association
  • Community of Politically Interested Young People Gangelts (GPIJG)

mayor

  • 1812–1857 Hermann Josef Claeßen
  • 1857–1884 Engelbert Stick
  • 1885–1915 Franz Josef Savels
  • 1915–1923 Ferdinand Nießen
  • 1924–1933 Dr. Franz L Bäumen
  • 1933–1935 Edmund Scholl (acting mayor)
  • 1935–1946 Hubert Staßen
  • 1946–1969 Dr. Hermann von den Driesch
  • 1969–1997 Heinrich Aretz
  • since 1997 Bernhard Tholen

Coat of arms and banner

  • Historical municipal coat of arms

  • Municipal coat of arms currently in use

  • Community banner with coat of arms

Blazon : The coat of arms contains a gold-colored, ascending, crowned, red-armored, black, two-tailed lion, covered with a silver diagonal bar. The coat of arms is based on the seal of the court and jury from the 12th century .

The gangelt's banner is divided from black to gold (yellow) and bears the coat of arms in the middle of the cloth. "The main statute only provides information about a flag, but not about its design. Banners with and without a coat of arms are shown.

Community partnerships

Culture and sights

theatre

Theater group Kreuzrath; Langbröker Selfkanttheater

Museums

The freight shed of the former Geilenkirchener Kreisbahnen in Gangelt, the last remaining operating building of the railway
The Selfkantbahn
  • The Selfkantbahn is a museum railway that is operated on a remnant section of the northern branch of the Geilenkirchener Kreisbahnen between Schierwaldenrath and Gillrath with historical rolling stock.
  • The Museumsmühle Breberen, a tower windmill , is over 150 years old and still fully functional. The grain mill is one of the so-called tower windmills, a rare type of mill in which the tower hood and wing cross are flexible and can therefore always turn into the wind. The two-part, streamlined wings with a movable tail section are also fully geared to the optimal use of wind, a technology that was copied from aircraft in the 1930s.
  • The village and fire brigade museum Birgden shows exhibits of village life and the fire brigade on around 100 m². In addition to old fire engines, other machines and objects from the time of the Second World War are on display.

Stumbling blocks

Between February 2016 and February 2018, the artist Gunter Demnig laid a total of 43 stumbling blocks in the town center . The fate of Jewish families from Gangelt is remembered at ten laying points.

Buildings

Parks

  • The 700 hectare nature and landscape park Rodebach / Roode Beek is being developed together with the neighboring Dutch municipality of Beekdaelen.
  • The Gangelt Wildlife Park is an open-air enclosure for large game with falconry and beekeeping

Sports

The Gangelt leisure center includes a heated outdoor pool, mini golf and a punt pond. There are also a large number of sports clubs in the municipality of Gangelt, such as the SVG Birgden-Langbroich-Schierwaldenrath (2012 eV), the TC Gangelt and the SG Gangelt-Hastenrath.

Regular events

In Gangelt, a St. Nicholas market takes place in large parts of the historic town center every year on the 1st of Advent. Since 2010, the Gangelter Music Night has been taking place annually at the Kahnweiher with various musicians. Every year at Carnival time there is a Rose Monday parade . Once a year, usually in September, there is a knight festival in Gangelt. Knight's fights and tournaments, medieval sounds, food and drink, archery and ax throwing await visitors.

Infrastructure and economy

traffic

There are bus connections to the individual districts and neighboring towns. The federal highway 56 runs in an east-west direction through the municipality. The former narrow-gauge Geilenkirchener Kreisbahn touched the municipality, on a remaining section the museum railway traffic of the Selfkantbahn takes place.

media

Public facilities

  • Care facilities for children
    • KinderReich Gangelt day care center
    • Kath. Kindergarten Gangelt
    • Community kindergarten Villa Kunterbunt Stahe
    • Catholic Kindergarten Birgden
    • Kindergarten Lindenbaum Breberen e. V.
    • Kindergarten rainbow e. V. Schierwaldenrath
    • Mobile youth work Gangelt
  • Volunteer firefighter
    • Fire protection is provided by 8 fire fighting groups in the Gangelt community, organized in 3 trains:
      • Train I: Gangelt, Stahe
      • Train II: Birgden, Kreuzrath, Schierwaldenrath
      • Train III: Breberen, Langbroich, Hastenrath

education

  • Gangelt-Selfkant comprehensive school
  • Nikolaus School Breberen (primary school)
  • School of Encounter Birgden (primary school)
  • Jakob-Muth-Schule (special school with a special focus on learning, language, emotional and social development)

Personalities

Born in the Gangelt community

Associated with Gangelt

  • Gerhard Mercator (* 1512; † 1594), geographer and cartographer , drew the Merkatorkarte in 1569 : His parents came from Gangelt, where he spent his childhood. The Mercator point reminds of Mercator, this monument was erected on the confluence point of the 6th degree of longitude and the 51th degree of latitude on the northern edge of the capital Gangelt.
  • Werner Eggerath (* 1900; † 1977), communist, Prime Minister of the State of Thuringia : In his short story Der Aufstand zu Mindersted he describes his political agitation in Gangelt around 1926.
  • Wilfried Mohren (* 1958), German sports reporter, lived in Gangelt

literature

  • Klaus Fink, The former town of Gangelt under Heinsberg, Brabant and Jülich . Published by the Gangelt municipal administration. Geilenkirchen 1975.
  • Gangelt in the 20th Century - A Historical Review of 100 Years of Gangelter Contemporary History . Ed .: Interest group 100 years Gangelt. Heinsberg 1999.
  • Gangelt yesterday & today - look through contemporary history , publisher: Interest group 100 years of Gangelt, 2003
  • The Selfkant district of Geilenkirchen - Heinsberg
  • Peter H. Meurer , The map of the home region with Gerhard Mercator , in the home calendar of the Heinsberg district, Heinsberg district 2000, page 24 ff
  • AMPP Janssen, Gangelt and the surrounding area in 1641 , in the local calendar of the Heinsberg district, Heinsberg district 2000, page 42 ff
  • Theo Schreiber, Gangelt in the mirror of official topographical maps , in the local calendar of the Heinsberg district, Heinsberg district 2000, page 66 ff
  • Serving people, chronicle of the Maria Hilf Hospital
  • Giving without counting, The life of the mother Katharina Kasper
  • Carmen Klosterjeck - Carmen Weiss - ISBN 3-937675-04-3 A resident of the Gangelter facilities - an institution for people with intellectual disabilities - writes about her life and her experiences in and with the Gangelter facilities, in which she has been a resident for 53 years lives.
  • Harry Seipolt: Veronika A. for example. A Gangelter psychiatric patient in the vortex of the annihilation of "life unworthy of life". In: Ralf Seidel, Wolfgang Franz Werner (ed.): Psychiatry in the abyss. Searching for clues and determining the location after the Nazi psychiatry crimes. Cologne 1991, pp. 53-73. ISBN 3-7927-1283-0
  • Harry Seipolt: Forced sterilization and Nazi "euthanasia" in the Aachen region. Alano Herodot, Aachen 1995, ISBN 978-3-89399-217-1 .
  • Horst Seferens: Act observations. The disenfranchisement, expulsion and murder of the Jewish merchant family Josephs from Gangelt during the Nazi regime , in: Heimatkalender des Kreis Heinsberg, year 1993, pp. 113-121.
  • Gangelt article (arr. H. Seipolt). In: Ulrike PUVOGEL / Martin STANKOWSKI: Memorials for the victims of National Socialism. A documentation. Series of publications by the Federal Agency for Political Education, Volume I: 2nd edition. Federal Agency for Political Education, Bonn 1995, pp. 549–550. ISBN 3-89331-208-0

Web links

Commons : Gangelt  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Gangelt  - travel guide

swell

  1. ↑ Population of the municipalities of North Rhine-Westphalia on December 31, 2019 - update of the population based on the census of May 9, 2011. State Office for Information and Technology North Rhine-Westphalia (IT.NRW), accessed on June 17, 2020 .  ( Help on this )
  2. ↑ Source: Landesarchiv Nordrhein-Westfalen, Dept. Rhineland: Rep. 216 - Courts (Erbgesundheits-Obergericht Köln), No. 149 and No. 264 u. - See also H. Seipolt: Harry Seipolt: Veronika A. for example. A Gangelter psychiatric patient in the vortex of the annihilation of "life unworthy of life". In: Ralf Seidel, Wolfgang Franz Werner (ed.): Psychiatry in the abyss. Searching for clues and determining the location after the Nazi psychiatry crimes. Cologne 1991, p. 63. Note 48.
  3. ↑ Source: Landesarchiv Nordrhein-Westfalen, Dept. Rhineland, general files of Dept. 9 of the Aachen District Court, Erbgesundheitssachen 1934 - December 1935, XVI No. 1, Rep. 216/305, p. 179. See also Harry Seipolt: Zwangssterilisation und NS - "Euthanasia" in the Aachen region. Alano Herodot, Aachen 1995, pp. 39, 50, 74, 99.
  4. ↑ Martin Bünermann: The communities of the first reorganization program in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1970, p. 101 .
  5. ^ Aachener Nachrichten: Mindergangelt belonged to the Netherlands until 1963 .
  6. ↑ State Returning Officer NRW: Results of the 2014 local elections in Gangelt. Retrieved January 20, 2016 .
  7. ^ History of the Gangelt community. In: gangelt.de. Retrieved July 29, 2020 .