Hückelhoven

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Hückelhoven
Hückelhoven
Map of Germany, position of the city of Hückelhoven highlighted

Coordinates: 51 ° 4 ′  N , 6 ° 13 ′  E

Basic data
State : North Rhine-Westphalia
Administrative region : Cologne
Circle : Heinsberg
Height : 75 m above sea level NHN
Area : 61.27 km 2
Residents: 40,245 (Dec 31, 2019)
Population density : 657 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 41836
Primaries : 02433, 02435 , 02462Template: Infobox municipality in Germany / maintenance / area code contains text
License plate : HS, ERK, GK
Community key : 05 3 70 020
LOCODE : DE HVN

City administration address : 		Rathausplatz 1
41836 Hückelhoven
Website : www.hueckelhoven.de
Mayor : Bernd Jansen ( CDU )
Location of the city of Hückelhoven in the Heinsberg district
Niederlande Kreis Düren Kreis Viersen Mönchengladbach Rhein-Erft-Kreis Rhein-Kreis Neuss Städteregion Aachen Erkelenz Gangelt Geilenkirchen Heinsberg Hückelhoven Selfkant Übach-Palenberg Waldfeucht Wassenberg Wegbergmap
About this picture

Hückelhoven (formerly Hückelhoven-Ratheim ) is a town in the Heinsberg district in North Rhine-Westphalia , near the border with the Netherlands .

Hückelhoven owes its development from a village to a town to the coal mining industry; The Sophia-Jacoba colliery was opened in 1914 . In 1997 this mine (the last one in the Aachen area ) was closed.

geography

Hückelhoven is mainly located in the valley of the Rur River and in the Baaler-Wassenberger Riedellandschaft . The Brachelen district is located on the Aldenhovener loess plate .

Waters

geology

Coal seams of the Brüggen-Erkelenzer Horstes lie underground. The city belongs to the Aachen district . Sand and gravel , deposited by the Rur, are dredged in the groundwater area, resulting in large quarry ponds. The lowest point of Hückelhoven is around 40 m above sea level on the Rur near Ratheim; the highest point is 100 m above sea level on the edge of the Rurgraben between Ratheim and Kleingladbach. However, two spoil heaps, which were created during the mining era, protrude far beyond that with 120 m (Millicher heap) and 140 m above sea level (Ratheimer heap).

Neighboring communities

The neighboring communities are listed in clockwise order, starting in the north: City of Erkelenz , City of Linnich , City of Geilenkirchen , City of Heinsberg and City of Wassenberg . Linnich belongs to the Düren district , the other cities are all in the Heinsberg district.

Urban area

The Hückelhovener urban area extends in north-south direction of around 10 km from Altmyhl to Brachelen and in east-west direction of around 6 km from Hilfarth to Baal or Ratheim to Kleingladbach. So it comes to a total area of ​​61.27 km². The urban area is divided into the following 11 districts.

City center

history

The place name Hückelhoven with its place name ending in -hoven speaks for a foundation in the Carolingian to late Carolingian times (8th / 9th centuries). Modest grave finds from the northern edge of the city from the 6th century, however, show that settlement began as early as the early Middle Ages.

In 1221 a Sibertus de Hukelhoven is mentioned in a document from the Dalheim monastery. 26 years later (1247) a knight Reinard von Hückelhoven, Reynardo milite de Hukilhoven, appears in a document that had the Hückelhoven house built. In 1350 the house Hückelhoven ( Heukelhoven ) appears in a fiefdom directory of the Wassenberg lordship. A Ludwig Mulstroe is enfeoffed with the Hückelhoven farm around 1470. At the end of the 16th century, this courtyard was structurally redesigned and a two-story brick building was created, "the castle".

In the Middle Ages and early modern times, the place belonged to the Doveren court in the Wassenberg office of the Duchy of Jülich . In 1798 the French administration raised Hückelhoven to Mairie (mayor's office), and in 1799 the neighboring towns of Hückelhoven and Doveren were merged to form Mairie Doveren. 17 years later (1816) this division was retained under Prussian rule, Hückelhoven now belonged to the Prussian mayor of Doveren.

Wall relief on the town hall

In 1935 the new municipality of Hückelhoven was formed from the places Hückelhoven, Hilfarth, Ratheim, Millich, Schaufenberg and part of Kleingladbach. In 1950 it was named Hückelhoven-Ratheim. It was not until 1969 that the then municipality of Hückelhoven-Ratheim was raised to the status of town. On January 1, 1972, the municipalities of Baal, Brachelen, Doveren, Rurich and the village of Altmyhl were incorporated. The legal basis for the incorporation was the law on the reorganization of the communities and districts of the reorganization area Aachen of December 14, 1971, in short Aachen law .

At the end of October 1944, the Gestapo set up a “ labor education camp ” in Hückelhoven , an “emergency prison”. Several people, including forced laborers, were shot dead.

The city is a former mining town , where the most modern coal mine in Europe, the Sophia-Jacoba union , shaped the cityscape and lifestyle for around 80 years. The colliery was closed on March 27, 1997 and Hückelhoven has experienced rapid and sometimes dramatic change since then. Due to the closure of the colliery, the percentage of unemployed is well above the national average, but due to numerous aid measures it is still relatively low compared to the Ruhr area. A first trend-setting goal to improve the attractiveness of the city center was achieved by private investors through the appealing conversion of the “Alte Post” on Parkhofstrasse into a lively business and service center. In autumn 2004 the “Hückelhoven Center” was opened in Hückelhoven, which has since drawn many people to the city on the Rur. New shops, offices and medical practices were built on Wildauer Platz and were completed in April 2010.

Religions

There is a Catholic church in most of the villages .

In the 16th century a small community was formed that was close to the Anabaptist movement. This later became a reformed parish that built a church in Hückelhoven in 1688. The current church building dates from 1890/91. The Protestant parish of Hückelhoven also maintains churches in Hilfarth and Schaufenberg. A second evangelical congregation is located in Baal.

Due to the influx of mine workers, new religious communities formed in the city area in the 20th century. Today there are congregations of the Baptists , the Free Apostolic Pentecostal Church , the New Apostolic Church and the Jehovah's Witnesses .

In the 1970s, Turkish guest workers founded a Muslim community that maintains a mosque in both Hückelhoven and Schaufenberg .

Incorporations

As part of the law for the reorganization of the communities and districts of the reorganization area Aachen , dated December 14, 1971, also called Aachen law for short , the communities Baal, Brachelen, Doveren, Rurich and the locality Altmyhl were incorporated on January 1, 1972. The community was named Stadt Hückelhoven. The area of ​​the municipality grew from 27.48 km² to 60.40 km² and the population from 24691 to 34072 inhabitants.

Population development

In 1863 the former village had 734 inhabitants, in 1900 the population had decreased to 637 inhabitants. In 1918, after the colliery had been founded shortly before, it had increased to 727 inhabitants. In 1930 the population was 4692. Today around 10,200 people live in Hückelhoven. A total of around 40,000 people live in the city and its districts.

The population growth was caused by the colliery, until around 1960 miners from other parts of Germany moved here, for example from the Ruhr area and Fulda . After 1960, the colliery campaigned abroad, especially in Turkey, for workers and the first guest workers came to Hückelhoven. 46 nations were employed at the mine.

Nowadays, Hückelhoven is an attractive place to live due to the good transport links to the conurbations of the Rhine and Ruhr, but also in connection with relatively low property prices. The city of Hückelhoven and the district of Heinsberg are among the few cities or districts in North Rhine-Westphalia that continue to have a growing population.

As of June 30, 2014, the city administration had 40,257 inhabitants.

politics

Local election 2014
Turnout: 52.3% (2004: 54.4%)
 %
70
60
50
40
30th
20th
10
0
60.4%
21.7%
7.0%
3.6%
1.9%
5.4%
Otherwise.
Gains and losses
compared to 2009
 % p
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
+ 2.8  % p
+ 0.2  % p
+1.3  % p
± 0.0  % p
-2.2  % p
-2.0  % p
Otherwise.

City council

Since the local elections on May 25, 2014 , the 44 seats of the city council have been distributed among the individual groups as follows:

City Hall

The councils of the FDP and Free Voters have come together to form a parliamentary group.

coat of arms

The city was granted the right to use a coat of arms with a certificate from the District President dated October 25, 1972.

Blazon : "In black a silver (white) bar, accompanied above by four six-pointed silver (white) stars - below by a silver (white) mallet, which is crossed by an iron of the same color."

Meaning: The stars stand for the four former communities Alt-Hückelhoven, Ratheim , Hilfarth and Kleingladbach . Stars were chosen because a six-pointed silver star is shown in the coat of arms of Mr. Ollmissen von Haus Hückelhoven. Hammer and mallet represent the coal mining industry in the city. The crossbar comes from the coat of arms of the von Hückelhoven dynasty.

Town Hall Square

Town twinning

Hückelhoven maintains partnerships with the English Hartlepool (since 1973), with the French Breteuil-sur-Iton (since 1987) and a friendship with the Brandenburg city of Wildau (since 1991).

Culture and sights

The Hückelhoven house
The Hückelhoven indoor swimming pool
The "forest of blue flowers"

Museums

  • Mineral and Mining Museum
  • Visitor mine shaft 3
  • Basket maker museum in Hilfarth
  • Opel Museum Hückelhoven

Buildings

  • House Blumenthal , only partially preserved castle complex in the Brachelen district
  • Gut Gansbroich , courtyard in the Baal district
  • (Ritter-) Gut Grittern , former moated castle in the Doveren district.
  • House Hall , moated castle in the district of Ratheim
  • Haus Horrig, castle complex in the Brachelen district
  • House / Castle Hückelhoven, today a Catholic parish center
  • House Kleinkünkel, well-preserved manor house between Doveren and Baal
  • Mahrhof , former farm yard , important for the history of the city in the Millich district
  • Rurich Castle , delightful manor house with an English park in the Rurich district
  • Gut Wedau, farm complex between the districts of Hilfarth and Brachelen
  • Shaft 3 in Hückelhoven and the Millicher Halde lookout point
  • Locomotive monument for the Sophia-Jacoba coal mine
  • Hückelhoven High School (1974), a striking building of brutalism

Churches

flora

  • The "forest of blue flowers" between Doveren and Baal
  • The Millicher Frucht (orchard meadow with rare local apple and pear varieties) in the Millicher Rurauen
  • Junkerberg forest between Hückelhoven and Doveren

Sports

Diving and sailing are possible on the Adolfo lake, swimming in the indoor swimming pool Hückelhoven and the bathing lake Kapbusch .

Bike paths

The city is integrated into the cycle path network of North Rhine-Westphalia . The RurUfer-Radweg , which connects the highest elevation of the High Fens with the confluence of the Rur into the Meuse , and the NiederRheinroute , which includes a network of cycle paths across the entire Lower Rhine area from the Netherlands to Düsseldorf, run through the city.

Regular events

  • Large weekly market around the town hall
  • City festival "Hückelhoven is buzzing"
  • Belgian-Dutch-German Film Days Hückelhoven
  • "Rur in Flammen" in the district of Hilfarth
  • Hückelhoven drive-in cinema night
  • Christmas Market
  • Flea market at shaft 3
  • Hückelhoven fair
  • WEP electricity run in late summer
  • Cross-country run by TuS Jahn Hilfarth
  • Sprinter Cup of TuS Jahn Hilfarth
  • "Hü (wo) men triathlon"
  • Beer festival
  • Pfingst-Rallye-Rurich (oldtimer rally) on Pentecost Sunday in the Rurich district

movie theater

  • Corso-Filmpalast, Hückelhoven-Hilfarth

Infrastructure

train

Hückelhoven: Left: Doverack, Jülich – Dalheim railway line , middle: spoil dump, right: church tower and Headframe d. formerly Sophia-Jacoba colliery

In 1911 the Jülich – Dalheim line (Dalheim – Wassenberg – Ratheim – Hückelhoven – Baal line) was opened. In today's urban area Rurich, Baal, Doveren, Hückelhoven and Ratheim had a train station. 1968 the passenger traffic from Baal to Jülich was stopped, later also for the area Baal-Rurich-Linnich the goods traffic. After the tracks were removed, there is now a cycle and hiking path on the former track. The Rur Valley Railway is considering extending the reopened Jülich – Linnich line to Baal, which would amount to reopening the old line.

Passenger traffic on the Dalheim – Baal section was discontinued in 1980. The colliery had its own connection to the rail network. Today this route is used by the briquette factory. The Aachener Verkehrsverbund originally envisaged a reactivation of the route (Wassenberg) - Ratheim - Baal for passenger traffic in its 2013 target concept . However, these plans are countered by the intention of the city of Hückelhoven to partially build over the route to build a bypass, which would make a later reactivation more expensive.

Hückelhoven is also connected to the Aachen – Erkelenz – Mönchengladbach – Düsseldorf railway line at the Brachelen stop ( category 6 station ) and Baal station ( category 5 station ) . The latter is used by around 2000 passengers per day and was renamed "Hückelhoven-Baal" in 2002 due to its proximity to Hückelhoven. The station is therefore often referred to by local politicians as "Hückelhovener Bahnhof", which is not very popular with Baals. The station is in great need of renovation and is to be rebuilt by the city over the next few years (including reactivation of the elevator). The train station has 2 bus stops and a P + R area.

Regional Express in Bf Hückelhoven-Baal

Rail connections from Hückelhoven station to Baal (as of December 2019):

line Line course Tact
RE 4 Wupper-Express :
Aachen Hbf  - Aachen Schanz  - Aachen West  - Herzogenrath  - Übach-Palenberg  - Geilenkirchen  - Lindern  - Hückelhoven-Baal  - Erkelenz  - Rheydt Hbf  - Mönchengladbach Hbf  - Neuss Hbf  - Düsseldorf Hbf  - Wuppertal-Vohwinkel  - Wuppertal Hbf  - Wuppertal- Barmen  - Wuppertal-Oberbarmen  - Schwelm  - Ennepetal (Gevelsberg)  - Hagen Hbf  - Witten Hbf  - Dortmund Hbf
Status: timetable change December 2015 		60 min
RB 33 Rhein-Niers-Bahn :
Essen Hbf  - Mülheim (Ruhr) Hbf  - Mülheim (Ruhr) -Styrum  - Duisburg Hbf  - Duisburg-Hochfeld Süd  - Rheinhausen Ost  - Rheinhausen  - Krefeld-Hohenbudberg Chempark  - Krefeld-Uerdingen  - Krefeld-Linn  - Krefeld- Oppum  - Krefeld Hbf  - Forsthaus  - Anrath  - Viersen  - Mönchengladbach Hbf  - Rheydt Hbf  - Wickrath  - Herrath  - Erkelenz  - Hückelhoven-Baal  - Brachelen  - Lindern  - Geilenkirchen  - Übach-Palenberg  - Herzogenrath  - Kohlscheid  - Aachen West  - Aachen Schanz  - Aachen Hbf
Stand : Timetable change December 2019 		60 min

Rail connection at Brachelen stop (as of December 2019):

line Line course Tact
RB 33 Rhein-Niers-Bahn :
Essen Hbf  - Mülheim (Ruhr) Hbf  - Mülheim (Ruhr) -Styrum  - Duisburg Hbf  - Duisburg-Hochfeld Süd  - Rheinhausen Ost  - Rheinhausen  - Krefeld-Hohenbudberg Chempark  - Krefeld-Uerdingen  - Krefeld-Linn  - Krefeld- Oppum  - Krefeld Hbf  - Forsthaus  - Anrath  - Viersen  - Mönchengladbach Hbf  - Rheydt Hbf  - Wickrath  - Herrath  - Erkelenz  - Hückelhoven-Baal  - Brachelen  - Lindern  - Geilenkirchen  - Übach-Palenberg  - Herzogenrath  - Kohlscheid  - Aachen West  - Aachen Schanz  - Aachen Hbf
Stand : Timetable change December 2019 		60 min

Public transport

There are bus connections to the individual districts and neighboring towns.

  • HÜ 1 - City bus (to Baal Bf)
  • A connection to the Heinsberg bus station and the Erkelenz train station is guaranteed by bus lines 401 and 402 (mostly every hour).
  • There is also a second line (407) from Ratheim via Hückelhoven to Geilenkirchen train station.
  • The compound in the Wassenberger and Linnicher space is realized by train bus 495/295.
  • Line 409 provides a connection with Linnich train station.

Road network

Hückelhoven is connected to the regional road network as follows: Autobahn A46 Heinsberg - Düsseldorf , with two direct connections, Hückelhoven-Ost (city center) and Hückelhoven-West (Ratheim-Millich), as well as the federal highway 57 Aachen -Rurich-Baal- Mönchengladbach - Krefeld .

There is also the Rurufer cycle path , which connects the Eifel with the Dutch border.

Due to Hückelhoven's good location, it is close to many larger cities that can be reached quickly thanks to these good connection options:

  • Hückelhoven - Aachen 40 km
  • Hückelhoven - Cologne 70 km
  • Hückelhoven - Mönchengladbach 35 km
  • Hückelhoven - Düsseldorf 50 km
  • Hückelhoven - Roermond 25 km
  • Hückelhoven - Sittard 32 km
  • Hückelhoven - Maastricht 65 km

economy

Headframe shaft 3

Since the 1970s, the various districts have been victims of so-called urban sprawl for various reasons : Important infrastructure, such as the Jülich – Dalheim railway line and various cinemas , was lost. In addition, the business world of the traditional centers became less important, as consumers increasingly used Hückelhoven (center) as a shopping city. This development was so extreme that today (2009) there is not even a grocery store in the village center of Ratheim or in most of the neighboring villages. Therefore, after the big projects for the shopping world in the inner city of Hückelhoven, the individual village centers are again the focus of the city. The “Ratheim Center” was opened in Ratheim with 2 grocery stores and various retail stores. A similar center was also built in Hilfarth (2014). Hückelhoven has meanwhile become one of the district's shopping cities, as an OBI and a scooter are being opened on the old colliery, another specialist market center is being built on the site of the mining vocational school and a decathlon and a small arena are being planned.

Established businesses

  • the distribution center of the TV mail order company QVC in the Baal district
  • the school book publisher Anadolu
  • the west HUB of the Hermes logistics group
  • the logistics center of the household goods trading company Wenko-Wenselaar
  • the Low & Bonar formerly Hammersteiner Kunststoffe or Mehler HaKu, then Mehler Texnologies; Worldwide operating company in the manufacture of tarpaulin and technical textiles for the manufacture of truck tarpaulins, rubber boats, tents and awnings, etc.
  • the Granicus GmbH & Co KG an email and cloud solutions
  • Remaining operations of the Sophia-Jacoba colliery
  • SJ Brikett und Extrazitfabriken GmbH in the Hückelhoven district (until March 14, 2008), the 90 m high chimney of the briquette factory was blown up on November 27, 2008.
  • the district heating power plant
  • RAG BILDUNG GmbH, subsidiary of RAG Aktiengesellschaft
  • the mountain vocational school RAG BERUFSKOLLEG GmbH, subsidiary of RAG Aktiengesellschaft (demolished in September 2014)

Some remnants, for example a chimney and the briquette factory, as well as many empty coal trucks and an open-air gantry crane were removed from 2008 to 2009 to make room for the expansion of the Hückelhoven Center.

Public facilities

education

  • Hückelhoven high school
  • Realschule in the city of Hückelhoven, Ratheim district
  • Hückelhoven secondary school In der Schlee
  • Leonardo da Vinci comprehensive school in Ratheim
  • Michael-Ende-School Ratheim (elementary school)
  • Elementary School Ratheim II (OGS Im Weidengrund)
  • Johann Holzapfel School (GGS) Doveren
  • Community elementary school "An der Burg"
  • KGS Kleingladbach
  • Specialist seminar for care for the elderly (Institute for Care and Social Affairs gGmbH)
  • Friedrich Honigmann School Schaufenberg (Elementary School)

Personalities

  • Wilhelm Schnorrenberg (1795–1868), pastor in Hückelhoven, he bought the Hückelhoven house in 1833 and donated the building to the Archdiocese of Cologne in 1867, whereby it came into the possession of the parish
  • Friedrich Honigmann (1841–1913), founder of the Sophia-Jacoba colliery
  • Wilhelm Bäumker (1842–1905), hymnologist and pastor in Rurich
  • Ernst Mokwa, miner and SPD member, was arrested by the Nazi regime at the end of 1943 and killed in the Cologne camp (in the exhibition hall) in 1944. In order to keep the memory of him alive, the Hansberger Strasse, where he lived, was renamed Mokwastrasse .
  • Friedrich Dinstühler (1896–1945), pastor at St. Lambertus in Hückelhoven, was arrested by the Gestapo on December 18, 1944 and died in the Buchenwald satellite camp in Ohrdruf . A street in Hückelhoven was named after him.
  • Konrad Sieben, last tenant of Haus Hückelhoven
  • Hermann-Josef Mackenstein (1848–1924), lived in Paris, inventor and manufacturer of photo cameras (from Doveren)
  • Adam Josef Cüppers (1850–1936), writer from Doveren
  • Adolf Freiherr Spies von Büllesheim (1929–2011), former mayor of the city and member of the Bundestag from 1972 to 1987
  • Hubert Minkenberg (* 1955), musician and professor for music and new media in Düsseldorf
  • Friedhelm Waldhausen (* 1938), mathematician

sons and daughters of the town

See also

literature

  • L. Gillessen: On the older history of an industrial site. From manorial beginnings: Hückelhoven castle and settlement . In: District of Heinsberg (Hrsg.): Home calendar of the district of Heinsberg . 2006.
  • J. Bürger: From the history of the city of Hückelhoven . City of Hückelhoven, own print, 2005.
  • History workshop StadtWandel Hückelhoven (Ed.): We couldn't make big leaps. Everyday stories from the miners' settlements in Doveren, Hilfarth, Hückelhoven, Ratheim and Schaufenberg . tape 1 , 2003 and volume 2 , 2005. Hückelhoven.
  • W. Uunfug, F. Körfer: Hückelhoven, a city with tradition and a future . Stadt-Bild-Verlag, Leipzig 1998.
  • HH. Herzberg: At the gates of Düsseldorf: The development of Hückelhoven and its urban planning problems . In: AIV Düsseldorf (ed.): Architects and engineers design their city - 100 years of the Düsseldorf Architects and Engineers Association . AIV - delivery: Richter Verlag Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 1993, ISBN 3-928762-15-X .
  • Committee on Local History in the Baal e. V. (Ed.): 1100 years of Baal. Contributions to local history . Fischer, Jülich 1993, ISBN 3-87227-042-7 .
  • F. Körfer: The mechanical clothing factory Wilhelm Schwarz, the oldest industrial production facility in Hückelhoven . In: District of Heinsberg (Hrsg.): Home calendar of the district of Heinsberg . 1991.
  • H. H. Herzberg: City of Hückelhoven . Rheinische Kunststätten, issue 315, Neusser Druckerei und Verlag GmbH, Neuss 1987, ISBN 3-88094-533-0 .
  • HH. Herzberg: Splinters of Life - Report from the life of a miner's family . In: District of Heinsberg (Hrsg.): Home calendar of the district of Heinsberg . 1983.
  • HH. Herzberg: Pictures of Life - Two miners tell stories . In: District of Heinsberg (Hrsg.): Home calendar of the district of Heinsberg . 1981.
  • HH. Herzberg: The restoration of the Protestant church in Hückelhoven . In: District of Heinsberg (Hrsg.): Home calendar of the district of Heinsberg . 1979.
  • HH. Herzberg: House Hall . In: District of Heinsberg (Hrsg.): Home calendar of the district of Heinsberg . 1977.
  • HH. Herzberg: The parish church of St. Johannes d. T. in Hückelhoven-Ratheim and its master builder Freiherr Friedrich von Schmidt . In: District of Heinsberg (Hrsg.): Home calendar of the district of Heinsberg . 1977.
  • H. Herzberg: Hückelhoven city on the Rur between the Rhine and Maas . Joeres-Verlag, Mönchengladbach 1976.
  • PC Mertens: The Ruricher Chronicle 1792–1822 . In: Erkelenz History Association . Issue 7. Erkelenz 1930.
  • F. Körfer: St. Barbara in Hückelhoven, the former miners' church on the Wadenberg. In the district of Heinsberg (ed.): Local calendar of the district of Heinsberg, 2017 ISBN 978-3-925620-38-6

Web links

Commons : Hückelhoven  - album with pictures, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Hückelhoven  - travel guide

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Population of the municipalities of North Rhine-Westphalia on December 31, 2019 - update of the population based on the census of May 9, 2011. State Office for Information and Technology North Rhine-Westphalia (IT.NRW), accessed on June 17, 2020 .  ( Help on this )
  2. ^ Frank Siegmund: Merovingian time on the Lower Rhine. Rhenish excavations 34. Rheinland-Verlag, Cologne 1998, p. 310.
  3. ^ LG Mönchen-Gladbach, May 9, 1950. In: Justiz und NS-Verbrechen . Collection of German criminal judgments for Nazi homicide crimes 1945–1966, Volume VI, edited by Adelheid L. Rüter-Ehlermann, HH Fuchs, CF Rüter . University Press, Amsterdam 1971, No. 213, pp. 543–560 Shooting of a German woman and two Eastern workers on the orders of the Higher SS and Police Leader West and shooting of a Polish foreign worker for rape and mistreatment of a German girl. ( Memento of the original from July 17, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www1.jur.uva.nl
  4. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 307 .
  5. ↑ More and more people in Hückelhoven. In: Aachener Zeitung. July 24, 2014.
  6. ^ Regional Returning Officer NRW: Municipal elections 2014, Hückelhoven results. Retrieved January 20, 2016 .
  7. ↑ denkmalkirche.de
  8. ↑ http://www.st-lambertus-barbara.de/kirchen/st-barbara/
  9. ↑ http://www.st-lambertus-barbara.de/kirchen/st-lambertus/
  10. ↑ kino-hueckelhoven.de
  11. ↑ Friedrich Dinstühler on eschweiler-juden.de