Guben

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Guben
Guben
Map of Germany, position of the city of Guben highlighted

Coordinates: 51 ° 57 '  N , 14 ° 43'  E

Basic data
State : Brandenburg
County : Spree-Neisse
Height : 45 m above sea level NHN
Area : 44 km 2
Residents: 16,783 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 381 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 03172
Area code : 03561
License plate : SPN, FOR, GUB, SPB
Community key : 12 0 71 160
LOCODE : DE GUB
City structure: 4 districts, 3 residential complexes and 5 districts

City administration address :
Gasstrasse 4 03172 Guben
Website : www.guben.de
Mayor : Fred Mahro ( CDU )
Location of the town of Guben in the Spree-Neisse district
Burg Briesen Dissen-Striesow Döbern Drachhausen Drehnow Drebkau Felixsee Forst Groß Schacksdorf-Simmersdorf Guben Guhrow Heinersbrück Jämlitz-Klein Düben Jänschwalde Kolkwitz Neiße-Malxetal Neuhausen Peitz Schenkendöbern Schmogrow-Fehrow Spremberg Tauer Teichland Tschernitz Turnow-Preilack Welzow Werben Wiesengrundmap
About this picture

Guben ( Lower Sorbian and Polish Gubin ; from 1961 to 1990 Wilhelm-Pieck-Stadt Guben ) is a town in the Spree-Neisse district in Lower Lusatia in Brandenburg . The city lies on the Neisse , which forms the border between Germany and Poland . The core city east of the Neisse was separated in 1945 by the Oder-Neisse border, placed under the administration of the People's Republic of Poland by the Soviet Union and has since formed the independent city of Gubin in the Polish Lubusz Voivodeship .

Geographical location

Guben is located in Lower Lusatia in the southeast of Brandenburg on the western bank of the Lusatian Neisse opposite the Polish city of Gubin . This narrow part of the flood-prone Neisse valley, where the plateaus in the east and west are only about one kilometer apart, encouraged the movement of goods when the city was founded.

The plateaus emerged as ground moraines from the Vistula Ice Age , on which end moraines are placed in the west (Kaltenborn Mountains) and east (Guben Mountains) . The wider area is covered by extensive pine forests with numerous lakes (such as the Pinnower See). The height ranges from 41 to 48 m above sea ​​level .

City structure

Districts of the city of Guben (with their own local mayor ) are:

The following are designated as living spaces:

  • Altsprucke (Stary Sprugow)
  • At the vineyard (Pśi winicy)
  • Grunewald (Zeleny Gozd)
  • Monastery suburb (Kloštaŕ pśedměsto)
  • Neusprucke (Nowy Sprugow)
  • Reichenbach (Rychbach)
  • Sprucke (Sprugow)

Inner city districts are:

  • Old town east
  • Old town west
  • Altsprucke ( Stary Sprugow )
  • Reichenbach ( Rychbach )
  • Residential complex (WK) I
  • Residential complex (WK) II
  • Residential complex (WK) IV
Incorporations
  • 1950 Groß Breesen, Kaltenborn and Reichenbach
  • 1993 Bresinchen, Deulowitz and Schlagsdorf

history

Guben on the Lusatian Neisse around the middle of the 19th century. The city church on the left is in what is now the Polish part of the city.

Prehistory and early history

As early as the second half of the 19th and the first half of the 20th century, many archaeological finds were discovered in the area around Guben, which were often described by Hugo Jentsch and colleagues and in the Niederlausitzer Mitteilungen of the Niederlausitzer Gesellschaft für Anthropologie und Altertumskunde and the magazine for ethnology of the Berlin Society for Anthropology, Ethnology and Prehistory . Many finds were presented to the public in the Guben City Museum .

Finds from the Old Palaeolithic and Mesolithic periods (for example various flint tools near Groß Breesen in 1997) are known from the Guben area . In addition, rare settlement finds of corded ceramics from the late Neolithic and the subsequent Aunjetitz culture of the Early Bronze Age . For Middle Bronze Age can be in the Lower Lausitz the tumuli culture prove that from the Lausitz culture is followed and the Bill Dorfer culture in the Iron Age passes. Graves are the most common archaeological sources, but finds from deposits can also be observed frequently, especially in the Bronze Age . Probably the best-known deposit found in Niederlausitz is the hoard found near Bresinchen from the time of the Aunjetitz culture, discovered in 1954 . The archaeological excavations in the run-up to the Niederlausitz opencast mines have also produced numerous new finds from various periods. Various graves and burial fields could be rediscovered between Guben and Forst , as well as individual traces of settlements that provide further information on the settlement of the region and the history of Niederlausitz .

From the foundation to the 18th century

Monastery church

Guben is mentioned for the first time in 1033 as a trading and craft settlement and as a market place at the intersection of the highways from Leipzig to Posen and from Görlitz to Frankfurt (Oder) . However, on the basis of finds such as the Guben / Bresinchen depot from the Early Bronze Age , it is proven that the Guben area dates back to around 1700 BC. Was settled.

The settlement on the east bank of the Neisse was protected by the Neisse tributary Lubst in the north and east and swamps in the south. The geographical location can be seen in the place name (* gubina , Old Sorbian for 'settlement at the mouth', cf. guba , "mouth"). On the opposite western bank of the river, a Benedictine nunnery was founded in 1157 as part of the German settlement in the east , where the monastery suburb, today's Guben, emerged. It existed until 1564.

On June 1, 1235, she received the Magdeburg city charter as an oppidum from the Wettin Heinrich the Illustrious , Margrave of Meissen . In 1309 Guben was granted the right to mint pennies; In 1312 the city coat of arms with its three towers appears for the first time on a document .

Post mile column at the Egelneißebrücke

Guben belonged uninterruptedly to the margraviate of Niederlausitz until 1815 , which was incorporated into the Kingdom of Bohemia from 1367 to 1635 . For a short time - from 1448 to 1462 - the Elector of Brandenburg Friedrich II. Guben and other towns in Lower Lusatia occupied and obtained lien through them. After military conflicts between the Bohemian King Georg von Podiebrad and Friedrich II. The Guben Peace was concluded in 1462 , after which Guben and most of the Lower Lusatia fell under Bohemian sovereignty again. The fortifications with the three city gates were initially built in the 14th century from an earth wall, a moat and wooden planking. In the years from 1523 to 1544 they were renewed and strengthened. In 1561 salt boiling began in the city. In 1635 the Elector of Saxony, Johann Georg I , was enfeoffed by the German Emperor with the Margraviate of Niederlausitz including the city of Guben in the Peace of Prague . The 1989 reconstructed Saxon post distance column on the Egelneißebrücke (Frankfurter Straße) from the former monastery gate and the original coat of arms from 1736 of the second column of this type from the former Werdertor are reminiscent of this.

From 1752 Friedrich-August II. Had large amounts of small change minted in the Guben mint ( copper hammer ) for his Polish territory. When the Prussian armies of Frederick II occupied Saxony in the Seven Years' War in 1756 , the minting was stopped.

Due to its peripheral location in the Sorbian settlement area , the Guben district became the first goal of the Germanization policy promoted by the Lübben consistory of the Evangelical Church in the second half of the 17th century . The aim was to completely abolish the Sorbian language - at that time the mother tongue of the majority of the population. For this purpose, Sorbian writings were confiscated and school lessons in German were gradually introduced, and Sorbian worship services that had existed since the Reformation were abolished. By the end of the 18th century, Sorbian had disappeared from everyday life.

Disasters

  • 1235 Guben burns down for the first time
  • 1311 the city walls destroyed by floods are re-fortified and reinforced
  • 1345–1356 the “ Black Death ” rages in Guben
  • 1382 renewed flooding in Guben
  • 1347–1361 the inhabitants of the city are frightened eleven times by earthquakes
  • 1429 the city is destroyed by the Hussites
  • 1432 another invasion of the Hussites
  • 1434 again invasion of the Hussites
  • In 1536 only the church, the town hall and seven to eight town houses survived a major fire
  • In 1620 the plague raged in Guben
  • In 1629–1632, 7,000 citizens fell victim to the plague
  • In 1675 the still existing bastion at the Krossener Tor collapsed during a severe flood
  • 1790 a major fire on September 16 kills 103 people

Industrialization up to the Weimar Republic

In 1815 the Margraviate of Niederlausitz was dissolved and Guben was a district town in the Prussian province of Brandenburg . During the Biedermeier period , the Musenalmanach Helena appeared in Guben .

In 1846, Guben received a rail connection to Frankfurt an der Oder and Wroclaw via the section of the Lower Silesian-Märkische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft . This was supplemented in 1871 by a connection to Cottbus by the Halle-Sorau-Gubener Railway Company and one to Bentschen by the Märkisch-Posener Railway Company . In 1904 a branch line to Forst followed , operated by the Prussian State Railways . Between February 24, 1904 and June 8, 1938, an electric tram ran between the station and the old town.

Frankfurter Strasse around 1920

In 1848, the mining of brown coal began, which was used in local industry. There were temporarily seven pits, the last of which was closed in 1927.

From the artisanal cloth making in the 16th century, a strong cloth manufacturing developed in the 19th century, in which the English textile machine and wool manufacturer William Cockerill, Junior played a significant role. Favored by the citizenship of Prussia , the formation of the German Customs Union and the replacement of the expensive British hard coal with local brown coal, the city experienced a rapid upswing. The number of cloth factories grew to 17 by 1866, and around 30 by 1870, but the majority had to give up again soon afterwards. Iron foundries followed later, mechanical engineering , carpet, stocking and shoe production, oil mills and large companies emerged, such as Carl Lehmann's Niederlausitzer mill works in Groß Gastrose .

Carl Gottlob Wilke was the first hat maker in 1822. In 1859 his sons Friedrich and Theodor took over his workshop. Friedrich began manufacturing hats in 1869, and the global breakthrough came with the invention of the weatherproof wool felt hat. In the period before the Second World War, Guben was known for the slogan "Guben hats - world-famous for their quality". In 1887 Friedrich Wilke donated the Naëmi-Wilke-Stift children's hospital in memory of his daughter who died of typhus at the age of 13 . Today it is the local hospital run by the Independent Evangelical Lutheran Church . In 1903 he donated the Art Nouveau church with the Sauer organ on Berliner Straße in memory of his son Karl Emil Friedrich, who also died at an early age . On April 1, 1884, the municipality of Guben left the district of Guben and from then on formed its own urban district .

Berliner Strasse around 1920

In 1873 the Guben City Theater was built on the Schützeninsel in the Neisse . The inauguration took place on October 1, 1874 with the performance of Goethe's Faust in front of 750 spectators. At the beginning of the 20th century, Guben had three Protestant churches, a Catholic church, a synagogue , a grammar school with a secondary school, a school for the deaf and mute, two technical schools, a textile industry, various other factories and production facilities, a two-emperor fountain, lignite mines and was the seat of one District Court. The actress and singer Corona Schröter was erected in front of the theater on May 20, 1905.

When the population grew to over 33,000 in 1900, many public institutions were created. These include the facilities that have mostly been preserved to this day, such as the Naëmi-Wilke-Stift, the waterworks, the slaughterhouse, numerous elementary schools, including the Pestalozzi School, which was inaugurated in 1902, the municipal museum and the public library. After the First World War there were extensive housing developments, for example in the area of ​​Kaltenborner Strasse (Dubrau settlement), in Neusprucke (Zehnhäuserweg, Damaschkestrasse) and on the eastern edge of the city. The massive Neisse bridge (today border crossing to Gubin, new building), the north bridge at the slaughterhouse, which was also destroyed in 1945, the new town house in the former town mill on the Neisse and other buildings were also built. The architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe built the " Wolf House " on the Neissehang in 1927 for the cloth manufacturer Erich Wolf. On December 1, 1928, the Mückenberg manor district was incorporated from the Guben district into the town of Guben.

During the pogrom night of 1938, the synagogue of the Jewish community on the eastern side of the Neisse was desecrated. The Jewish cemetery from 1839 was also damaged. The mourning hall from 1911 was handed over to the Protestant parish for use by the regional association of Jewish communities in 1950; it was completely renewed in 1993.

In 1945 the city and district of Guben belonged to the Frankfurt administrative district of the Prussian province of Brandenburg of the German Empire .

Second World War

Ruins of the town and main church (today Gubin)

During the Second World War , the construction of a Rheinmetall - Borsig AG Düsseldorf plant began in 1940 . The plant was built exclusively for arms production - especially for the air force program. This included the MG 131 machine gun and the MK 103 automatic cannon . In addition, certain aircraft components were manufactured, such as B. Rear mounts for bombers with four MG 131 and aircraft domes for the Heinkel He 111 . In 1944, around 4,500 people worked in the plant, almost half of whom were prisoners of war and forced laborers who were housed in a barracks camp on Schlagsdorfer Strasse. There was also a collection camp for 300  Hungarian Jewish women who had to do forced labor at Lorenz AG .

At the end of the Second World War, the city suffered severe damage due to massive fighting from February 18 to April 24, 1945. Almost 90 percent of the historic city center with its old, partly baroque town houses, its commercial buildings, the Renaissance town hall and the late Gothic town and main church were destroyed. Some buildings, such as the city theater (then burned down in September 1945) survived the fighting unscathed. The "Wolf House" was badly damaged and later removed down to the foundations.

Division of the city and Guben in the GDR

Monastery church around 1955
VEB man-made fiber combine Guben
1980 Change of shift in the man-made fiber plant

According to the Potsdam Agreement of 1945, the part of Germany east of the Oder-Neisse demarcation line was placed under Polish administration, subject to a future peace settlement . The German population was from the east of the Neisse located, now Polish-administered district of Guben sold . Some of the residents who were newly settled in the separated part of the city came from the areas east of the Curzon Line that fell to the Soviet Union .

In June 1950 the previously independent city was assigned to the Cottbus district . With the GDR administrative reform of July 23, 1952, the Guben district , which was dissolved in 1950, was re-established as the Guben district in the Cottbus district . Due to the division of the city into the Polish Gubin and the German Guben, the former monastery suburb west of the Neisse has developed as an independent city of Guben, especially since 1960 through the establishment of the VEB Chemiefaserkombinat Guben (CFG) . This determined - together with the textile companies Gubener wool and the hat works - the industrial structure of the city of Guben in the GDR. Due to the economic boom and the newly created jobs, the number of residents grew steadily. This created new residential areas with the typical prefabricated buildings and a total of eleven polytechnic high schools .

From 1961 the city bore the official place name Wilhelm-Pieck-Stadt Guben in memory of Wilhelm Pieck , the first and only state president of the GDR , who was born in Guben (east of the Neisse) in 1876 and died in Berlin ( east ) in 1960 . The designation was based on a resolution of the city council at the time, which was confirmed by the GDR Council of Ministers . In 1990 the city council passed the resolution to delete the nickname again.

German reunification to this day

Approved demonstration to the New Forum , November 1989

Due to the closure of the state-owned companies after German reunification , the city lost considerable economic power and inhabitants in the 1990s.

Climbing rocks in the Obersprucke

On December 6, 1993, the law on district reorganization in the state of Brandenburg came into force; thus the district of Guben was dissolved again. After the failure of an initiative to merge with Eisenhüttenstadt , Guben became a town in the newly founded Spree-Neisse district .

On the night of February 13, 1999, the Algerian asylum seeker Farid Guendoul was killed while fleeing from a group of right-wing extremist youth. He kicked in a glass door, injured himself badly, and bled to death. The 28-year-old left a pregnant girlfriend. The incident, known as the “ Gubener Hetzjagd ”, and the resulting process attracted strong national attention.

Plastinarium

Using some of the historical parts of the building on the site of the former hat factory (formerly C. G. Wilke, expropriated on July 15, 1948) on the Neisse, a new city center was created for Guben. Among other things, the city administration, which until then had been housed in the former hat factory (Berlin-Gubener hat factory - March 1946 dismantled for reparation purposes), received new premises. Their now vacant buildings were prepared and put into use on November 17, 2006 as a new production facility for the Gunther von Hagens plastinator . On December 21, 2007 the newly designed Guben Neisseufer with the Neisse terraces and parks as well as a bridge over the Neisse to Schützeninsel, on which the city theater stood, was inaugurated.

Today the city tries to develop the border situation in a positive way in cooperation with the Polish neighboring and partner city Gubin . The largest employers in Guben include Trevira GmbH , the large bakery company Bäcker Drei 30 and the Naëmi-Wilke-Stift as the local hospital.

Incorporations

On July 1, 1950, the previously independent communities of Groß Breesen, Kaltenborn and Reichenbach were incorporated.

Demographics

Population development of the undivided city until 1945
year population Remarks
1520 approx. 9000 rough estimate according to Sauße ("8-10,000")
1800 05214 in 848 residential buildings
1816 06552
1817 06820
1840 0 9742 in 961 residential buildings
1850 11,425 in 1,134 residential buildings
1859 14,209 at the beginning of the year, including 300 Catholics and 113 Jews
1864 17,554 December 3, of which 936 belonged to the military
1867 19,187 on December 3rd
1871 21,423 with the military (a battalion No. 12), including 600 Catholics and 120 Jews; according to other data on December 1, 21,412 inhabitants, including 20,347 Protestants, 791 Catholics, 123 other Christians, 151 Jews
1875 23,704
1880 25,840
1885 27.091
1890 29,328 including 27,689 Evangelicals, 1,184 Catholics and 204 Jews
1900 33.122 including 31,247 Protestants, 1,354 Catholics and 205 Jews
1910 38,593 including 36,174 Evangelicals and 1,856 Catholics
1925 40,636 thereof 37,496 Evangelicals, 1,789 Catholics, 35 other Christians and 217 Jews
1933 43,934 thereof 38,725 Evangelicals, 1,958 Catholics, 19 other Christians and 202 Jews
1939 43,914 thereof 38,798 Evangelicals, 2,100 Catholics, 221 other Christians and 83 Jews
Number of inhabitants of the western remaining city since 1945 according to the territorial status of the respective year, 2011 based on the 2011 census
year population Remarks
1950 25,929 August 31
1971 29,607 January 1st
1981 36,708 December 31
1985 34,772 December 31
1990 32,690 October 3
1995 29.093 December 31
2000 25,245 December 31
2005 21,341 December 31
2010 19,320 December 31
2015 17,616 December 31
2016 17,471 December 31
2017 17.174 December 31
2018 16,933 December 31
2019 16,783 December 31
Population of the city and districts on December 31, 2013
district Residents
Old town east 1,516
Old town west 4,781
Altsprucke 1,887
Reichenbach 676
Residential complex I 1,564
Residential complex II 2,867
Residential complex IV 2,645
All in all 15,936
Bresinchen 134
Great Breesen 844
Deulowitz 256
Kaltenborn 439
Schlagsdorf 238
All in all 1.911
Guben overall 17,847

religion

Church of the Good Shepherd

politics

The city of Guben has been nicknamed the European City since 1991 . Guben is also known as the Euro Model City , which tries to reunite the city that was separated in World War II. With the entry into force of the Schengen Agreement for Poland on December 21, 2007, the previously existing border controls between Guben and Gubin ceased to exist .

City Council

In addition to the full-time mayor, the city council currently has 28 members. After the local elections on May 26, 2019, these are divided between the parties, electoral alliances and parliamentary groups (voter turnout: 51.0%):

Party / group of voters Votes
2014% 		Seats
2014 		Votes
2019 (%) 		Seats
2019
AfD - - 26.7% 8th
CDU 16.8% 5 15.4% 4th
We Guben Citizens (WGB) 08.4% 2 15.2% 4th
The left 25.3% 7th 12.9% 4th
Group of Independent Citizens Spree-Neisse (GUB-SPN) 09.3% 3 011.9% 3
SPD 011.3% 3 07.5% 2
FDP 022.1% 6th 04.3% 1
Individual applicant Klaus Schneider - - 02.7% 1
Alliance 90 / The Greens 01.7% 1 02.4% 1
NPD 03.6% 1 00.9% -
Citizens for Lusatia 01.5% - - -

The following fractions were formed:

AfD parliamentary group (8 members)

CDU / FDP parliamentary group (5 members)

WGB parliamentary group (4 members)

DIE LINKE parliamentary group (4 members)

SPD / Greens parliamentary group (4 members, including individual applicants Schneider)

GUB-SPN parliamentary group (3 members)

mayor

  • 1994–2002: Gottfried Hain (SPD)
  • 2002–2017: Klaus-Dieter Hübner (FDP)
  • since 2018: Fred Mahro (CDU)

Hübner was elected mayor of Guben for the first time on November 11, 2001 with 50.6% of the valid votes (inauguration: February 1, 2002). He was confirmed in office on November 15, 2009 with 64.5% of the valid votes. He won the mayoral election on July 17, 2016 with 57.8 percent of the valid votes; his opponent Kerstin Nedoma (Die Linke), supported by the CDU, SPD, Left and two groups of voters, achieved 42.2 percent.

In 2015, the Cottbus Regional Court sentenced Huebner to a prison sentence of 18 months on probation for corruption, taking advantage and breach of trust. He was therefore suspended from duty. Hübner died on December 20, 2017 after a long illness.

Fred Mahro was elected as the new mayor in the mayor election on May 6, 2018 with 58.4% of the valid votes for a term of eight years.

coat of arms

The coat of arms was approved on December 15, 1992.

Blazon : “In silver, a square and tinned red castle with three gates (the middle one open with golden gate wings and raised golden portcullis against a black background, the sides walled up) and three towers (the sides with a pointed, blue, gold-knotted roof and a black window , the middle stronger and higher with three black windows and a three-leaved golden crown growing out). The towers are each covered with a shield leaning diagonally to the right: in the front nine black and gold divided and covered with a green diamond wreath, in the middle a double-tailed, tongued, gold-crowned lion, in the back a red-armored, gold-crowned black eagle in red. "

The three city gates (Klostertor, Crossener Tor, Werdertor) with their gate towers are contained in the wall. However, only the middle one is noticeable, which, in contrast to the other two, is open so that you can also see the raised portcullis . The associated gate tower is decorated with a golden crown. The signs leaning on the towers indicate the historical rulership. The affiliation to Bohemia can be derived from the silver lion in the shield of the middle tower. Almost 200 years of Saxon rule are reflected in the diamond ring on the left shield. The black Prussian eagle on the right symbolizes the fact that Guben fell to the Kingdom of Prussia in 1815 .

Town twinning

Sights and culture

In the list of architectural monuments in Guben and in the list of ground monuments in Guben there are the monuments entered in the list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg.

Museums

New town hall with city museum

Historical monuments

  • Three memorial stones from 1972 for 56 forced laborers , including children, mainly from Poland, in the Westfriedhof on Bethanienstraße
  • Memorial for the victims of fascism on Parkstrasse , corner of Kaltenborner Strasse
  • Wilhelm Pieck Memorial (unveiled on January 3, 1976) in Klaus-Herrmann-Strasse: Wilhelm Pieck , born in Guben, was the first and only President of the GDR .
  • In front of the house at Berliner Straße 36 to 38, two stumbling blocks remind of Adolf and Edith Leubuscher. The family was deported in 1943 and murdered in Auschwitz .
  • In front of the house at Berliner Straße 23, another stumbling block reminds of the notary, lawyer and city councilor Gustav Marucs. He was deported in 1942 and died in the Theresienstadt concentration camp .
  • At the house at Mittelstrasse 15 a plaque commemorates the Germans who were killed by the NKVD in the course of denazification and taken to camps .

Parks

Marble ball in the middle of the park on the climbing rock
  • city ​​Park
  • Park on the climbing rock
  • Volkshauspark
  • Goethehain (formerly Turnerwäldchen; after a gymnasium built there in 1846)

graveyards

  • Forest cemetery
  • Westfriedhof, Bethanienstraße
  • Jewish cemetery , Reichenbacher Berg, with a memorial plaque for more than 200 Guben Jews who were murdered
  • Reichenbach cemetery
  • Kaltenborn cemetery
  • Gross Breesen cemetery
  • Schlagsdorf cemetery
  • Deulowitz cemetery
  • Bresinchen cemetery

Cultural and meeting centers

  • German- Slavic cultural center in the listed villa in the Ludwig-A.-Meyer-Haus from 1898
  • Obersprucke cultural center
  • Mittelstrasse youth and meeting center
  • Old dye works

Culinary and Appelfest

A Guben specialty are the Guben plinse, a special kind of yeast lentil .

The city is the center of a fruit-growing area, in which the cultivation of apples in particular plays a role. This is reflected in the city's largest folk festival, the Guben Appelfest. This is where young female residents are tested for their knowledge of local apple wine and apples. The audience decides in a secret ballot who should be the Appel Queen of the respective year.

A special Guben apple variety is called the Warraschke or Gubener Warraschke .

Economy and Infrastructure

Established businesses

In the Guben Süd industrial area (former Guben man-made fiber factory ):

In the former town hall of Guben:

In the industrial area Guben / Deulowitz:

traffic
District Court

Public facilities

Sports

The football team of Breesener SV Guben Nord (BSV Guben Nord) plays in the Brandenburg State League South in the 2018/19 season .

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Born until 1900

Born from 1901

Personalities associated with Guben

literature

in alphabetical order by authors / editors

  • Karl Bankmann: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany . Monuments in Brandenburg. District Spree-Neisse 16.1 = towns of Forst (Lausitz) and Guben, Peitz Office and Schenkendöbern municipality . Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft Worms 2012. ISBN 978-3-88462-334-3
  • Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz , Volume 3, Brandenburg 1856, pp. 520-540 ( online ).
  • Karl Gander: History of the City of Guben . 1st edition, self-published by the Guben Magistrate in 1925; 2nd unchanged edition, 1980; 3rd unaltered edition, 1993, Seiler Druck; 4th edition, Niederlausitzer Verlag, Guben 2009, ISBN 978-3-935881-63-0
  • Guben - Pearl of Lusatia - hiking guide through Guben and the surrounding area . Reprint from 1914, ISBN 3-935881-01-0
  • Gubener texts. Memories of a bygone city . Niederlausitzer Verlag, Guben 2005, ISBN 3-935881-26-6
  • Gubener Heimatbund (Ed.): Guben - City and Country before 1945 . Heimatkreis Guben, Hannover 1985, ISBN 3-9801199-0-4
  • Lutz Materne (ed.): Guben - Pearl of Niederlausitz. Volume II. Geiger Verlag, Horb am Neckar 1995, ISBN 3-89570-014-2
  • Gerhart Gunia: Between the monastery church and Werderturm. Selected contributions to the history of the city of Guben. Niederlausitzer Verlag, Guben 1997
  • Gerhart Gunia: Between the Bismarck Tower and Borsigwerk. Contributions to the history of the city of Guben 1914–1944. Niederlausitzer Verlag, Guben 2000
  • Gerhart Gunia (Ed.): Gubener Heimatlexikon. 2nd, edited edition, Niederlausitzer Verlag, Guben 2001
  • Gerhart Gunia: Pictures from the life of Guben. 1900-2000. A city in the 20th century. From the imperial era to the present. Edited by Sparkasse Spree-Neisse. Guben 2014
  • Andreas Peter: The town and main church in Guben / Gubin . Niederlausitzer Verlag, Guben 2007 ISBN 978-3-935881-48-7
  • W. Riehl and J. Scheu (eds.): Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg with the Margrafenthum Nieder-Lausitz . Berlin 1861, pp. 556-565.
  • Wilhelm Sauße: About the visits with which the city of Guben was honored by princes. In: Neues Oberlausitzisches Magazin , Volume 34, Görlitz 1858, pp. 365-461 .
  • Wilhelm Sauße: Contributions to the history of the city of Guben . In: Report on the Gymnasium in Guben from Easter 1859 to Easter 1860 . Guben 1860, pp. 1-29.
  • Wilhelm Sauße: History of the virgin monastery and the monastery church in front of Guben . In: Neues Lausitzisches Magazin , Volume 43, Görlitz 1866, pp. 155–331.
  • Wilhelm Sauße and A. Tschirch: Timeline of the history of the city of Guben . In: New Lausitz magazine . Published by EE Struve on behalf of the Upper Lusatian Society of Sciences. Görlitz 1869, pp. 1–62.
  • Tschirch: The district town of Guben in Lower Lusatia since 1815 . In: New Lusatian Magazine . Volume 45, Görlitz 1869, pp. 1-49 full text

Web links

Commons : Guben  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Guben in the Topographia Superioris Saxoniae (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts
Wikivoyage: Guben  - travel guide

Footnotes and individual references

  1. ↑ Population in the State of Brandenburg according to municipalities, offices and municipalities not subject to official registration on December 31, 2019 (XLSX file; 223 KB) (updated official population figures) ( help on this ).
  2. ^ Service portal of the state administration Brandenburg. City of Guben
  3. ↑ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. District Spree-Neisse . P. 35
  4. ^ Archeology in Berlin and Brandenburg. 1997, p. 32ff.
  5. ^ Archeology in Berlin and Brandenburg. 1997, p. 36ff.
  6. ^ Archeology in Berlin and Brandenburg. 1997, p. 41f.
  7. ^ Manfred Niemeyer (ed.): German book of place names . De Gruyter, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-11-018908-7 , pp. 230 .
  8. ^ Numismatic newspaper 1834, Volume 1, p. 107.
  9. ↑ Timetable on the website of the Gubener Heimatbund e. V.
  10. ↑ Historical Guide. Sites and monuments of history in the districts of Dresden, Cottbus. 2nd edition, Urania-Verlag, Leipzig-Jena-Berlin 1988, p. 268
  11. ↑ Peter Kunze: Sorbian reminiscences from forest and surroundings. In: Lětopis . Volume 53, 2006, No. 1, pp. 35 ff., Ludowe nakładnistwo Domowina, Budyšin / Bautzen 2006
  12. ↑ a b Meyer's Large Conversation Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 8, Leipzig / Vienna 1907, p. 490.
  13. ↑ Building a bridge over the Neisse. IBA 2010, accessed April 12, 2020 .
  14. ↑ a b Federal Archives Koblenz, Reich holding file R3 / 2003 1943, Annex 12 to the armor Guben site.
  15. ^ Gerhard Gunia in Lausitzer Rundschau from April 15, 2000.
  16. ↑ documentarchiv.de
  17. ↑ Eva Hahn, Hans Henning Hahn: The expulsion in German memory: Legends, myth, history. Schöningh, Paderborn 2010, ISBN 978-3-506-77044-8 , p.?.
  18. ↑ Five arrest warrants after fatal hunt. In: Der Tagesspiegel. February 14, 1999
  19. ↑ a b c d e f W. Riehl and J. Scheu (eds.): Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg with the Margrafenthum Nieder-Lausitz . Berlin 1861, pp. 562-563.
  20. ↑ Alexander August Mützell and Leopold Krug : New topographical-statistical-geographical dictionary of the Prussian state . Volume 2: G – Ko , Halle 1821, p. 99, item 3593.
  21. ^ Prussian State Statistical Office: The results of the census and description of the people . Berlin 1867, p. 289.
  22. ↑ a b Royal Statistical Bureau: The communities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population . Part II: Province of Brandenburg , Berlin 1873, pp. 184-185, No. 2 ( online ).
  23. ^ Gustav Neumann : Geography of the Prussian State. 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, pp. 103-104, item 12.
  24. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. guben.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  25. ↑ a b c d e f Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. Spree-Neisse district . Pp. 18-21
  26. ↑ Population in the state of Brandenburg from 1991 to 2017 according to independent cities, districts and municipalities , Table 7
  27. ↑ Population in the state of Brandenburg according to independent cities, districts and municipalities 1991 to 2014 ( Memento from March 3, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  28. ^ Statistical report. Population development and population status in the state of Brandenburg. December 2015
  29. ↑ Guideline of the senior citizens policy of the city of Guben , February 2014, p. 4
  30. ↑ Website with information about Otto Spalding in Historismus.net; Retrieved November 30, 2010
  31. ↑ Source: Evangelical Lutheran Congregation of the Good Shepherd
  32. ^ Result of the local election on May 26, 2019
  33. ↑ SessionNet | Bodies. Retrieved August 7, 2019 .
  34. ↑ What is Gottfried Hain actually doing? In: Lausitzer Rundschau , June 3, 2005
  35. ^ Preliminary results of the mayoral elections. In: Der Tagesspiegel , November 12, 2001
  36. ↑ Gubens Mayor Klaus-Dieter Hübner has died. Lausitzer Rundschau from December 20, 2017.
  37. ↑ Brandenburg Local Election Act, Section 74
  38. ^ Result of the mayoral election on May 6, 2018
  39. ↑ Coat of arms information on the service portal of the state administration of Brandenburg
  40. ^ City of Guben: City partnerships. Retrieved January 12, 2020 .
  41. ↑ Eckart Roloff and Karin Henke-Wendt: The anatomical theater of the modern. (Plastinarium Guben) In: Visit your doctor or pharmacist. A tour through Germany's museums for medicine and pharmacy. Volume 1, Northern Germany. Verlag S. Hirzel, Stuttgart 2015, pp. 44–45, ISBN 978-3-7776-2510-2
  42. ^ Sylvia Gräfe: Paul Merker Secretariat in the Central Committee of the SED. 2011, accessed January 12, 2020 .
  43. ↑ Guben District Court | News, home page. Retrieved January 12, 2020 .