Filament (textile fiber)

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Structures of multifilament and monofilament fabrics, enlarged

In textile terminology, filament is the international name for fibers of practically unlimited length. Filaments are also known as continuous fibers . A fiber with a length of at least 1000 m is defined as a filament.

The filaments include:

In German usage, however, natural silk is not referred to as a filament.

Until the 1960s, in the FRG and in the GDR even until their end, the filament produced in the manufacture of man-made fibers was also called elementary thread (see thread ).

Single filament / multifilament

Endless man-made fibers are usually supplied as a bundle (multifilament or multifilament ) made of several individual filaments for textile processing . Each bundle usually contains as many threads as the number of openings in the production nozzle through which they were formed. The single filament is also called a capillary thread .

Filaments for certain purposes ( fishing lines , brush bristles , synthetic hair, etc.) are spun from single-hole nozzles and are used as (relatively thick) individual fibers, called monofilaments .

Filament production doubled from 2005 to 2015 and reached around 44 million tons, most of which were polyester and polyamide fibers .

Filament yarns

As a filament or continuous filament yarns or multifilament 60900 all manufactured from filaments in accordance with DIN yarns designated. They can be smooth or textured . These include a. the BCF ( Bulked Continuous Filament ) yarns, bulked spinneret -dyed filaments; these are mainly used in carpet manufacture by tufting .

literature

  • Alfons Hofer: Fabrics: 1. Textile raw materials, yarns, effects. 7th edition, Deutscher Fachverlag, Frankfurt am Main 1992, ISBN 3-87150-366-5 .
  • Fabia Denninger, Elke Giese: Textile and Model Lexicon. Deutscher Fachverlag, Frankfurt am Main 2006, ISBN 3-87150-848-9 .
  • Anton Schenek: Lexicon of yarns and twisted threads . Deutscher Fachverlag, Frankfurt am Main 2005, ISBN 3-87150-810-1 .

Individual evidence

  1. DIN 60000: Basic Textiles, January 1969, p. 1.
  2. DIN 60001, part 2: Textile fibers - fiber and production forms, October 1990, p. 1.
  3. World Man-Made Fibers Production ( Memento from August 25, 2012 in the Internet Archive )