Monofilament

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A monofilament (also monofilament or wire ) is a yarn made of a single filament (“single-thread”) with a diameter of usually greater than 0.1 mm and a practically endless length. However, there are also monofilaments with a diameter of less than 0.03 mm (30 µm), so-called ultra-fine monofilaments. Monofilaments with a diameter of mostly over 1 mm are also referred to as wire. A monofilament with a limited length is called a bristle. The counterpart of the monofilament is the so-called multifilament .

Manufacturing

Monofilament yarns are spun from single-hole nozzles using an extrusion melt spinning process and, through subsequent, mostly multi-stage drawing, experience a parallel alignment of the molecular chains. The stretching process achieves mechanical properties in the longitudinal direction (such as strength and modulus) that are significantly higher than the values ​​of the unstretched base polymers. Monofilaments are made from almost all thermoplastics , especially polyester (PEs), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyamide (PA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC). Technical plastics such as polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) or polyoxymethylene (POM) are also used for special tasks . The absorbable plastics polydiaxanone and polycaproolactone lactide are also used as monofilaments for surgical sutures. In the simplest case, the cross-section is circular, but complex profiles can also be implemented.

application areas

Classic areas of application are zippers , fishing lines, tennis racket strings, filter fabrics for a variety of applications (e.g. fabrics for general protective masks , special respiratory masks and blood filters made from fine monofilaments), screen cloths for paper machine clothing, conveyor belts, safety belts , sewing thread (also for surgical applications), synthetic hair , Hoses and much more. “ Monofilaments ” with a certain buckling load are used as diagnostic instruments in neurology.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b DIN 60001, Part 2: Textile fiber, fiber and manufacturing forms . October 1990 edition, p. 2.
  2. ↑ Fabia Denninger (Ed.): Lexicon of technical textiles . Deutscher Fachverlag, Frankfurt am Main 2009, ISBN 978-3-86641-093-0 , p. 269 .
  3. ↑ Hans-J. Koslowski: Chemical fiber lexicon . 12th, expanded edition. Deutscher Fachverlag, Frankfurt am Main 2008, ISBN 978-3-87150-876-9 , p. 143 .
  4. ^ Walter Loy: Textile products for medicine, hygiene and wellness . Deutscher Fachverlag, Frankfurt am Main 2006, ISBN 3-87150-913-2 , p. 50.