Peitz
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 51 ° 51 ′ N , 14 ° 25 ′ E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Brandenburg | |
| County : | Spree-Neisse | |
| Office : | Peitz | |
| Height : | 64 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 13.49 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 4368 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 324 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 03185 | |
| Area code : | 035601 | |
| License plate : | SPN, FOR, GUB, SPB | |
| Community key : | 12 0 71 304 | |
| LOCODE : | DE XPE | |
| Office administration address: | Schulstrasse 6 03185 Peitz |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Jörg Krakow ( FDP ) | |
| Location of the town of Peitz in the Spree-Neisse district | ||
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Peitz , Picnjo in Lower Sorbian , is a town in the Spree-Neisse district in Brandenburg . It is the seat of the Peitz Office, which has existed since 1992 .
geography
Peitz is located in Niederlausitz on the eastern edge of the Spreewald , also called Vorspreewald, in a water-rich landscape of the Baruther glacial valley , with the Malxe river and the Hammergraben , an artificially created tributary of the Spree , and a large pond area south of the city. The Garkoschke , an artificially created swimming lake, is located on the western outskirts of the city .
The city is located in the traditional and official settlement area of the Sorbs / Wends .
City structure
The city belonging habitations Blucher Vorwerk (Blücherowy wudwór) , Cottbus suburbs (Chóśebuske pśedměsto) , Drehnower suburbs (Drjenojske pśedměsto) , Elster expansion (Srokowe wutwarki) , Guben suburb (Gubinske pśedměsto) , Luisenruh (Luizyny wudwór) , Malxebogen (Małksowy wokłon ) , Ottendorf (Otašojce) , President mill (Młyn) , center (Srjejź města) and meadow Vorwerk (Łukowy wudwór) .
history
Until the 19th century
The first written mention of a castle at this place under the name Pitzne took place in 1301. It was the seat of various feudal lords. As a result of the armed conflicts in Lusatia in the 15th century, rule over the place changed several times between Brandenburg and Bohemia . In the Peace of Guben in 1462 , Peitz and Cottbus finally became a Brandenburg exclave under Friedrich II, Elector of Brandenburg . To protect the city, the construction of a fortress began in the middle of the 16th century under Johann V , Margrave of Neumark . As a protective belt, 5000 acres of ponds were created in front of the city as early as 1556 and the Hammergraben to flood them. In 1559–1562 the citadel , the upper fortress, and from 1590 to 1595 the fortifications around the city, the lower fortress, were built. The construction was led by the fortress builder Count Rochus zu Lynar , who is also considered to be the builder of the Spandau Citadel . During the Thirty Years' War , many noble and ecclesiastical dignitaries sought protection in Peitz. 1636–1637 Peitz was temporarily the residence of the Brandenburg Elector Georg Wilhelm during his escape from the Swedish troops. The fortress was also used as a prison. The most important prisoner of the fortress was the electoral state minister Eberhard von Danckelmann , who was imprisoned here from 1698 to 1708. During the Seven Years' War , Austrian troops conquered the fortress in 1758 and 1759. On the orders of the Prussian King Friedrich II. , The fortress was largely demolished in 1767.
The Peitz ironworks was founded as early as 1550, processing lawn iron stone from the region into cast and wrought iron, from which, in addition to household and agricultural implements, cannon balls for the Brandenburg-Prussian army were made. In 1658 the first blast furnace of the Mark Brandenburg was built here, which was replaced from 1809 to 1810 by the blast furnace, which is now a listed building. This makes the furnace one of the few surviving historical blast furnaces in eastern Germany . Comparable systems are only available at the locations Schmalzgrube (preserved blast furnace from 1659), Brausenstein (preserved blast furnace from 1693), Morgenröthe-Rautenkranz (preserved blast furnace from 1820/22) and Schmalkalden (Neue Hütte) (preserved blast furnace from 1835).
The water of the Hammergraben , which is also called Hammerstrom here , was used to drive the cylinder fan of the historic blast furnace and all other machines in the Peitz ironworks and hammer mill . The ironworks and hammer mill is set up as a museum, and an electric motor currently has to be used as a replacement for demonstrations of the blower. The restoration of the propulsion by means of hydropower is one of the museum's wishes. The Peitzer Hüttenwerk is the oldest functioning ironworks in Germany. It contains a blast furnace and a cupola furnace . The cupola furnace is heated up during occasional demonstrations.
Fish farming has been practiced in the ponds since the end of the 16th century, which became known nationwide under the name "Peitzer Karpfen". This also led to Peitzer Fischer being declared purveyor to the Prussian court in 1867.
20th century
At the end of the Second World War , two courageous men from the city, Hans Rabe and Hans Messner, hoisted white flags from the fortress tower to enable the city to be handed over to the Red Army without violence . Hans Rabe, who was shot by an SS patrol, found his death on April 24, 1945.
Peitz was in the Cottbus district until 1952 (1817–1947 Prussian province of Brandenburg , 1947–1952 Brandenburg state ), from 1952 to 1990 in the Cottbus-Land district of the GDR district of Cottbus and from 1990 to 1993 in the Cottbus district of Brandenburg. Since the district reform in Brandenburg in 1993, the city has belonged to the Spree-Neisse district .
Incorporations
On July 1, 1950, the previously independent community of Ottendorf was incorporated.
Population development
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Territory of the respective year, number of inhabitants: as of December 31 (from 1991), from 2011 based on the 2011 census
politics
City Council
The city council of Peitz consists of 16 city councilors and the honorary mayor. The local election on May 26, 2019 resulted in the following distribution of seats:
| Party / group of voters | Seats |
|---|---|
| CDU | 5 |
| FDP | 5 |
| SPD | 3 |
| Community of voters We for Peitz | 2 |
| Single applicant Reinhard Hirthe | 1 |
mayor
- 1998–2003: Heinrich Gellner (CDU)
- 2003–2014: Bernd Schulze (FDP)
- since 2014: Jörg Krakow (FDP)
Krakow was elected in the mayoral election on May 26, 2019 with 50.8% of the valid votes for a further five-year term.
coat of arms
The coat of arms was approved on November 2, 1992.
Blazon : “In red, a golden three-tower castle with a closed blue gate on a green shield base; on the blue pointed roof of the central tower with a golden pommel a golden bird, next to the digits 8 and 5; the side towers with blue domed roofs, with golden knobs and flags turned to the left. "
Town twinning
- Bedum ( Netherlands ) (with the Peitz office)
- Kostrzyn nad Odrą ( Poland ) (since August 3, 2001)
- Zbąszynek (Poland) (with the Peitz Office)
Sights and culture
→ See also: List of architectural monuments in Peitz and List of ground monuments in Peitz with the monuments entered in the monuments list of the State of Brandenburg.
- Fortress Peitz , the fortress tower and the Malzhausbastei built in the 16th century have been preserved. The core of the 36.20 meter high fortress tower with up to 6.22 meter thick outer walls contains parts of the former keep of the Peitzer Castle from the 13th century. In the course of the fortress construction, it was given its present form between 1559 and 1562.
- Historic old town center of the city of Peitz
- Classicist town hall from 1804, the east gable was redesigned in the Tudor Gothic style in 1850
- Evangelical parish church , neo-Romanesque brick building, built from 1854 to 1860 according to plans by Friedrich August Stüler
- Peitz Ironworks Museum (former ironworks in Peitz), technical monument
- Fishing Museum Peitz (opened on March 24, 2006)
- Peitzer pond area , with around 1000 ha the largest contiguous pond area in Germany
- Memorial stone from 1948 on the municipal cemetery for eight German conscientious objector who in early 1945 on the orders of General Ferdinand Schörner were shot
- Memorial plaque in the citadel for Hans Rabe, who was shot at this point in 1945 by an SS patrol because he wanted to surrender the city to the Soviet Army without a fight (revealed on August 23, 2014)
Peitz is a member of the “Cities with Historic Town Centers” working group of the state of Brandenburg.
As part of the Peitz Jazz Workshop in 1979, 1980 and 1981, open-air concerts were held in the Peitz open-air stage, which received a great deal of national attention . The music festivals organized “from below” were attended by more than 3,000 people.
Economy and Infrastructure
Companies
- Jänschwalde power plant ( LEAG )
- Carp farming (inland fishing with the largest pond in Germany)
- Falken Office Products ( Biella-Neher Holding )
traffic
The federal highway 168 runs through Peitz between Beeskow and Cottbus . The state road 50 connects Peitz with Guben .
The Peitz Ost station is on the Cottbus – Guben railway line . It is served by the regional train line 11 Frankfurt (Oder) - Cottbus .
Former Peitz Station at between Cottbus-Willmersdorf and Grunow disused railway Cottbus Frankfurt (Oder) is since May 30, 2000 out of service.
Personalities
Honorary citizen
- Otto Kunze (1936–2015), long-time director of the Peitzer men's choir and numerous brass bands, since August 2001
- Hans-Wilhelm Blume (* 1926), former director of the VEB inland fishery Peitz and initiator of the Peitzer fishing festival, since September 14, 2016
sons and daughters of the town
- Robert Bertin (1849–1933), teacher and writer
- Lilli Kann (1893–1978), actress, fled to England in 1939
- Paul Noack-Ihlenfeld (1902–1962), composer and pianist
- Berthold Schulze (1929–1988), actor
- Ulli Blobel (* 1950), concert organizer (including the Peitz jazz workshop ) and music producer
- Peter Metag (1950–2013), organizer of jazz concerts
- Wilfried Schreck (* 1955), politician (SPD), 2002–2005 member of the German Bundestag
- Jörg Schwanke (* 1969), soccer player
- Jana Thiel (1971–2016), sports journalist
Other personalities
- Gottfried Albrecht von Bredow (1650–1730), Prussian lieutenant general, governor von Peitz
- Jonathan Friedrich von Finck (1687–1757), Prussian major general, Peitzer fortress commander
literature
- Franz Groger: Documented history of the town and fortress Peitz . 1st chapter. Verlag Reinh. Richter's Wwe.Peitz N.-L. 1913.
- Contributions to the chronicle of the town history of Peitz . Publisher: Kulturbund der DDR, Peitz local group. Cottbus 1983.
- Dirk Redies, Martin Klein: Discoveries in the Peitzer Land . 1st edition. Geiger-Verlag, Horb am Neckar 1998.
- Historical guide, sites and monuments in the districts of Dresden, Cottbus . 2nd Edition. Urania-Verlag, Leipzig, Berlin, Jena 1988, ISBN 3-332-00234-1 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population in the State of Brandenburg according to municipalities, offices and municipalities not subject to official registration on December 31, 2019 (XLSX file; 223 KB) (updated official population figures) ( help on this ).
- ^ Service portal of the state administration Brandenburg. City of Peitz
- ^ Ernst von Schönfeldt: The district of Cottbus with the Spreewald . Art print and publishing office, Magdeburg 1933, ISBN 978-3-938555-23-1 , p. 62 .
- ↑ Peitz Ironworks and Fishing Museum ( Memento from October 22, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Ursula Höntsch / Hannes Hüttner: Murder in the last minute , in: Die Stunden Null , Berlin 1966, p. 84
- ↑ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. District Spree-Neisse . Pp. 22-25
- ↑ Population in the state of Brandenburg from 1991 to 2017 according to independent cities, districts and municipalities , Table 7
- ^ Office for Statistics Berlin-Brandenburg (Ed.): Statistical report AI 7, A II 3, A III 3. Population development and population status in the state of Brandenburg (respective editions of the month of December)
- ^ Result of the local election on May 26, 2019
- ↑ Results of the municipal elections in 1998 (mayoral elections) for the Spree-Neisse district ( memento of the original from April 17, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Local elections October 26, 2003. Mayoral elections , p. 33
- ^ Result of the mayoral election on June 15, 2014
- ↑ Brandenburg Local Election Act, Section 73 (1)
- ^ Result of the mayoral election on May 26, 2019
- ↑ Coat of arms information on the service portal of the state administration of Brandenburg
- ^ Obituary by Otto Kunze. In: Peitzer Landecho, No. 8/2015, p. 25.
- ^ A new honorary citizen for Peitz. In: Lausitzer Rundschau , October 10, 2016
Briesen (Brjazyna) | Castle (Spreewald) (Bórkowy (Błota)) | Dissen-Striesow (Dešno-Strjažow) | Döbern (Derbno) | Drachhausen (Hochoza) | Drebkau (Drjowk) | Drehnow (Drjenow) | Felixsee (Feliksowy jazor) | Forest (Lausitz) (Baršć) | Groß Schacksdorf-Simmersdorf (Tšěšojce-Žymjerojce) | Guben (Gubin) | Guhrow (Góry) | Heinersbrück (Móst) | Jämlitz-Klein Düben (Jemjelica-Źěwink) | Jänschwalde (Janšojce) | Kolkwitz (Gołkojce) | Neisse-Malxetal (Dolina Nysa-Małksa) | Neuhausen / Spree (Kopańce) | Peitz (Picnjo) | Schenkendöbern (Derbno) | Schmogrow-Fehrow (Smogorjow-Prjawoz) | Spremberg (Grodk) | Tauer (Turjej) | Teichland (Gatojce) | Tschernitz (Cersk) | Turnow-Preilack (Turnow-Pśiłuk) | Welzow (Wjelcej) | Advertise (Vjerbno) | Meadow bottom (Łukojce)