Zbąszynek
| Zbąszynek | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lebus | ||
| Powiat : | Świebodzin | ||
| Area : | 2.76 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 52 ° 15 ′ N , 15 ° 49 ′ E | ||
| Residents : | 5020 (June 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 66-210 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 68 | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Rail route : | Rzepin – Warsaw | ||
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Czerwieńsk – Zbąszynek , Zbąszynek – Gorzów Wielkopolski |
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| Next international airport : | Poznan-Ławica | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Urban and rural municipality | ||
| Gmina structure: | 5 school offices | ||
| Surface: | 94.42 km² | ||
| Residents: | 8292 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Population density : | 88 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community number ( GUS ): | 0808063 | ||
| Administration (as of 2010) | |||
| Mayor : | Wiesław Czyczerski | ||
| Address: | Rynek 1 66-210 Zbąszynek |
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| Website : | www.zbaszynek.pl | ||
Zbąszynek ( German Neu Bentschen ) is a town in the powiat Świebodziński ( Schwiebus ) of the Lubusz Voivodeship in Poland .
history
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As a result of the Versailles Peace Treaty , a new German-Polish border was drawn from January 1920, so that Bentschen became part of the Second Polish Republic as Zbąszyń . On the Frankfurt (Oder) –Poznań railway line, the new Neu Bentschen station was built on the German side as a border station and a new junction for the three lines from the west to Zbąszyń . The freight station opened in 1925 and the passenger station in 1930. Since there was no larger place in the vicinity in which sufficient living space could have been created for the station staff, the Deutsche Reichsbahn built a separate railway settlement . The architect was Wilhelm Beringer, the building construction department of the Reichsbahndirektion Osten , who was also responsible for the station building . The settlement is kept in the native style of the 1920s, but also has features of Expressionism . In addition to the railway, a customs office and post office were also set up. Apartments were also required for their employees. The settlement eventually comprised 310 apartments for railway workers, 60 for customs, 13 for border police and 12 for the post office. The Reichsbahn also built six commercial buildings, an inn, a school, the cemetery and a Protestant and a Catholic church. They also had to build buildings for the municipal administration, including a fire station, a library and the municipal administration itself. The dominance of the railway was also evident in the street names, which were named after Prussian and German railway officials and ministers such as Karl von Thielen or Rudolf Oeser . In 1933 Neu Bentschen had a good 1,800 inhabitants.
At the end of October 1938, thousands of Polish Jews were supposed to be deported to Poland as part of the Poland Action , before their Polish citizenship was revoked. However, the Polish border officials in Zbąszyń have refused entry to the approximately 15,000 own citizens of the Jewish faith. They had to camp under inhumane conditions for several weeks before the German border crossing in Neu Bentschen. For Herschel Grynszpan , whose parents were affected, this was the reason to shoot the German embassy employee Ernst vom Rath in Paris , which in turn was used as a pretext for the November pogroms in 1938 .
There were two forced labor camps here during the Second World War . After the Second World War , Neu Bentschen became part of Poland when the border moved west and was given the name Zbąszynek , a diminutive of the name Zbąszyń . Also in 1945 the place received city rights . Due to an administrative reform, the place came to the Zielona Góra Voivodeship in 1975 . With a new reform at the end of 1998, the place became part of the Lubusz Voivodeship .
Municipality (Gmina Zbąszynek)
The following localities ( German names up to 1945 ) with Schulzenamt (Sołectwo) belong to the urban and rural community of Zbąszynek :
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Other localities in the municipality without the Schulzenamt are:
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Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
The Zbąszynek station has not been a border station since 1939. But it has remained an important hub train station. The Zbąszynek – Guben railway, which is important for freight traffic to Germany, and the railway to Gorzów Wielkopolski branch off from the line from Berlin via Poznan to Warsaw in Pan-European Transport Corridor II .
The streets leading through the city are less important. This includes state road 302. Europastraße 30 runs about eleven kilometers north of the village.
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Krzysztof Białasik (* 1958), Polish Catholic bishop
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ↑ Erich Preuss: Not far from Posemukel. The history of the Neu Bentschen train station. In: Eisenbahngeschichte No. 5, summer 2004, ISSN 1611-6283 , pp. 36–39
- ^ Peter Bock: D 1 Berlin - Königsberg. In transit through Gdansk and through the "Polish Corridor". EK-Verlag, Freiburg 2012. ISBN 978-3-88255-737-4 , p. 38
