Schmalzgrube (Jöhstadt)
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Lard pit
City of Jöhstadt
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| Height : | 614 m | |
| Residents : | 191 (Jun 30, 2011) | |
| Incorporation : | March 1, 1994 | |
| Postal code : | 09477 | |
| Area code : | 037343 | |
Location of Schmalzgrube in Saxony |
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Schmalzgrube is a district of Jöhstadt in the Erzgebirge district . It was incorporated on March 1, 1994.
geography
location
The place is on the ridge of the Middle Ore Mountains in a valley at the confluence of the Jöhstadt black water coming from Jöhstadt into the Preßnitz . The place is about 4 km northeast of the city center of Jöhstadt at an altitude of 600 m above sea level. NN . About one kilometer above Schmalzgrube in the Preßnitz valley there is a border crossing for cyclists and hikers to the neighboring Czech Kryštofovy Hamry .
Neighboring places
| Grumbach | Steinbach | |
.svg)
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statute | |
| Jöhstadt | Kryštofovy Hamry |
history
The hammer mill in Schmalzgrube
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Schmalzgrube emerged from a hammer mill in the Erzgebirge , which is documented for the first time in 1550 in the official inheritance book of the Wolkenstein office and at that time belonged to Gregor Weinolt. The Annaberg citizen Andreas Müller was awarded three old cinder piles in 1559 and at the same time granted the concession to build a small stamp mill and a hut with a furnace. After the factory was destroyed in the Thirty Years' War, the site was acquired by Gottfried Rubner in 1656, who was privileged on September 17, 1659 with permission to build a blast furnace and a tin hammer, along with a tin house . In addition, he was granted brewing, grinding and baking rights. In the hammer order for the Blech-Hammer-Wercke in which offices of Schwartzenberg, Wolcken- and Lauterstein of Elector Johann Georg II. Of March 26, 1660 it is stipulated in point 26 that the Gottfried Rübner granted approval for the sheet metal production and tin-plating because of the The major sales problems for sheet metal from the Erzgebirge at the time only come into effect after a year. The hammer mill remained in the possession of his descendants for some time, then passed to the von Berbisdorf family and was finally purchased in 1739 by the Großpöhlaer Erbrichter Christoph Carl Pistorius in public subhastation . He was forbidden in 1740, with a threatened fine of 5 Thalers, not to let the proportion of iron stone from Bohemian iron stone mines rise above a third of his production. In 1766 his son Carl August Pistorius built the still existing Hammerherrenhaus with a mansard roof and ridge turrets. From 1773 Hans August von Elterlein was the owner of Mittelschmiedeberg , Oberschmiedeberg and Schmalzgrube. In the economically difficult decade of the 1810s, in which the hammer mill was partially at a standstill, some efforts were made to keep operations going with technical innovations. The blast furnace was rebuilt or renovated, of which a plaque “HAvEE 1819” (Hans August von Elterlein's heirs) reminds us. Iron production was stopped by the Salzer family in 1870 at the latest.
Development after iron production ended
In addition to the hammer mansion and the blast furnace, the hammer mill's ensemble also included a factor house, a hammer mill, a cabbage shed, a wire mill from the 19th century and a mill with a bakery and pub. The Tin Hammer's buildings stood on the so-called Blechwiese at the northern exit of the village.
The blast furnace, which is located a few meters above the manor house, is one of the few preserved historical blast furnaces in the New Federal States . Comparable systems are only available at the Brausenstein (preserved blast furnace from 1693), Peitz (preserved blast furnace from 1809), Morgenröthe-Rautenkranz (preserved blast furnace from 1820/22) and Schmalkalden (Neue Hütte) (preserved blast furnace from 1835). The lard pit blast furnace was restored in 1991/92 by Lothar Hering and employees of the Christian Youth Village. The former hammer mill with Hammerherrenhaus and blast furnace are part of the Jöhstadt mining area , a selected site of the Ore Mountains Mining Region UNESCO World Heritage Site .
Hammerherrenhaus Schmalzgrube
Entrance area of the Hammerherrenhaus
Roof ridge of the Hammerherrenhaus
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Around 1900 there were five board mills in the village, later some of these were converted into twisting mills and cardboard factories. After 1945 the “ VEB wood and metal processing”, the “VEB screw and form turning parts” and the “VEB Textilwerke Wedru, Werk IV” were the main employers in the area during the GDR era.
History of the place Schmalzgrube
Schmalzgrube was first mentioned in a document in 1541 in a boundary description of the Annaberg mining district. The place was until 1856 as an official village in the electoral or royal Saxon office of Selva Val Gardena . From 1856 the place belonged to the Jöhstadt judicial office and from 1875 to the district administration Annaberg .
As a result of the second district reform in the GDR , Schmalzgrube became part of the Annaberg district in the Chemnitz district (renamed the Karl-Marx-Stadt district in 1953 ), which was continued as the Saxon district of Annaberg from 1990 and was added to the Erzgebirge district in 2008. On March 1, 1994 it was incorporated into Jöhstadt.
coat of arms
The local coat of arms of Schmalzgrube shows the blast furnace of the place, which the hammer gentleman Gottfried Rubner had built in 1659 and which was renewed in 1819. The black furnace with red flames stands on a yellow background.
Development of the population
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Transport links
State road 264 runs through the village from Steinbach to Jöhstadt.
From 1892 to 1984 the narrow-gauge railway Wolkenstein – Jöhstadt ran through the town. After the line was closed and the track system was dismantled, a warehouse was built on the station grounds.
Since 1995, with the construction of the Steinbach – Jöhstadt museum railway, Schmalzgrube has been operating again for the railway; the track systems have been rebuilt true to the original on the former track planum. Today the Schmalzgrube is the operating center of the museum railway.
tourism
The following cycling and hiking trails run through the village:
- Stage 7 of the Erzgebirge-Vogtland ridge trail from Statute to Bärenstein .
- The Annaberger Landring (Südring).
In addition, numerous hiking trails, u. a. in the neighboring Czech town of Kryštofovy Hamry (Christophhammer), in Schmalzgrube. A few kilometers from Schmalzgrube is the barrier wall of the Preßnitz dam on the Czech side .
literature
- Between Wolkenstein, Marienberg and Jöhstadt (= values of our homeland . Volume 41). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1985.
- Förderverein Montanregion Erzgebirge eV (Ed.): Implementation study for the hammer mill Schmalzgrube. Establishment and definition of the world heritage areas and buffer zones as part of the Ore Mountains Mining Region project . Freiberg 2011 ( digitized version ; PDF; 1.5 MB)
- Bernd Schreiter : Hammer works in the Preßnitz and Schwarzwassertal. Forays through the history of the Upper Ore Mountains. Issue 14, pp. 9–11, 1997 ( (PDF; 200 kB) ( Memento from February 22, 2012 in the Internet Archive ))
Web links
- www.schmalzgrube.de
- Schmalzgrube (Jöhstadt) in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
Individual evidence
- ↑ Codex Augusteus or newly multiplied Corpus iuris Saxonici: Wherein the states belonging to the Electorate of Saxony and belonging to it contain ... published and issued Constitutiones, Decisiones, Madata and ordinances. Volume 2. Hall 1724, Column 331–332 digitized version , accessed on July 12, 2014
- ^ Karl-Heinz Melzer: Wolkenstein – Jöhstadt – Preßnitztal , 1st edition 1979, p. 68
- ↑ Bernd Schreiter : The home book of the Preßnitztal. Verlag Bernd Schreiter, 2015, p. 16
- ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas. Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 ; P. 68 f.
- ^ The official authority Annaberg in the municipal register 1900
- ↑ Bernd Schreiter: The home book of the Preßnitztal. Verlag Bernd Schreiter, 2015, p. 92
- ↑ cf. Lard pit in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ^ Website of the Erzgebirge-Vogtland ridge trail
- ^ Map of the Annaberger Landring
Grumbach (with Neugrumbach ) | Jöhstadt (with Dürrenberg and Schlössel ) | Oberschmiedeberg | Lard pit | Steinbach