Kryštofovy Hamry
| Kryštofovy Hamry | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
|
||||
| Region : | Ústecký kraj | ||||
| District : | Chomutov | ||||
| Area : | 6842 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 29 ' N , 13 ° 8' E | ||||
| Height: | 680 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 123 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 431 91 | ||||
| License plate : | U | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 4th | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | František Henzl (status: 2009) | ||||
| Address: | Kryštofovy Hamry 64 431 91 Vejprty |
||||
| Municipality number: | 563315 | ||||
| Website : | www.krystofovyhamry.cz | ||||
| Location of Kryštofovy Hamry in the Chomutov district | |||||
|
|||||
Kryštofovy Hamry ( German Christophhammer ) is a municipality in Ústecký kraj in the Czech Republic .
geography
location
Kryštofovy Hamry is 680 m nm in the Ore Mountains on the Preßnitz which is dammed upstream directly above the village to the Preßnitz dam. The place is located directly on the German border to Schmalzgrube and belongs to the Okres Chomutov . Two kilometers south-east is the 994 m nm Jelení hora ( Haßberg ), the highest mountain in the area.
The community has two walking border crossings, one of which leads along the Preßnitz to Schmalzgrube. At Černý Potok in the Black Water Valley there is another passage to Jöhstadt .
Community structure
The community Kryštofovy Hamry consists of the districts Černý Potok ( Pleil (-Sorgenthal) ), Kryštofovy Hamry ( Christophhammer ), Mezilesí ( Orpus ), and Rusová ( Reischdorf ). Basic settlement units are Černý Potok, Dolina ( Dörnsdorf ), Kryštofovy Hamry, Mezilesí, Přísečnice ( Preßnitz ) and Rusová. The settlement of Sorgenthal also belongs to Kryštofovy Hamry.
The municipality is divided into the cadastral districts of Černý Potok, Dolina, Kryštofovy Hamry, Přísečnice and Rusová.
The former district of Hegerhaus with the restaurant of the same name was located directly on the border across from the Dürrenberg part of the municipality, which belongs to the Saxon town of Jöhstadt . The place known today as Hájovna once had four houses and 19 inhabitants, but is now uninhabited. According to Friedrich Selner's map of the Preßnitz region from 1861, there was also a forester's house in Hegerhaus.
Neighboring places
| Königswalde | Jöhstadt | Marienberg |
| Vejprty (Weipert) |
.svg)
|
Výsluní (Sun Mountain) |
| Kovářská (Forge Hill ) | Měděnec (Copper Mountain) | Domašín (Tomichan) |
history
At the beginning of the 15th century, 26 hammer mills were operated in the area around Preßnitz , including one in the village, which was destroyed during the Hussite Wars . It was not until the chief miner of St. Joachimsthal , Christoph Graf von Grünberg, that a work was built again in 1621, the hammer of St. Christoph. This included a blast furnace , two forges, a mill, a sawmill and a pond. His successor converted the hammer mill into a brass hammer mill and supplied customers to Prague .
In 1660 a brick factory was built in the village, which then no longer existed. It was not until 1720 that records exist that again speak of a village with a steel hammer mill, later a blue paint mill was created . In the middle of the 18th century the hammer mills were closed due to unprofitability and the mills were converted into wire mills. At the end of the 18th century, more businesses were added, spoons, nails and bayonets were manufactured and a mine for mining silver and cobalt was opened in 1820, but it was soon closed again due to disputes among the owners.
In the middle of the 19th century a knitting factory was built that employed around one hundred and twenty people, and other textile factories existed until 1948. Despite everything, the area remained poor and many people looked for work in Saxony . On the other hand, the place was often visited by day trippers, especially from Saxony.
After the expulsion of the German-Bohemian population , most of the plants were closed.
- Blue paintwork
The blue color factory Christophhammer was created from 1750 under Maria Theresa through the conversion of an imperial hammer mill. The renovation was probably completed within 10 years. The Christophhammer site offered good conditions for the construction of such a plant: besides hydropower, there was plenty of potash , quartz and cobalt . However, it quickly became apparent that the cobalt ores supplied from St. Joachimsthal were too inferior to be used in the production of blue paint, so that the plant was unprofitable and in 1789 was auctioned off to the Leipzig merchants Gauh and Schlemm for an estimated value of 4,303 guilders. At the end of the 18th century, the factory under Wilhelmine Schlemm experienced the peak of production, as high-quality cobalt ores were found in St. Joachimsthal and Platten . At that time, Christophhammer was producing around 2,000 quintals of blue paint a year. In 1806, an Annaberg merchant and the former color master of the Niederpfannenstiel blue paint factory bought the factory for 20,000 guilders. Shortly afterwards, quality problems again arose with the cobalt ores supplied. The plant was not allowed to import the high-quality Saxon ores, although the operators had offered a purchase price up to 75 percent higher than normal. This favored the smuggling and theft of Saxon cobalt ores to Christophhammer, especially from the Markus Röhling treasure trove near Annaberg.
It is very likely that the Erzgebirge folk hero Karl Stülpner was also involved in the smuggling tours for the Christophhammer: he lived in the village from autumn 1807. He is said to have operated a bar here at times. A private initiative therefore set up a Stülpner memorial.
At the beginning of the 19th century, the v. a. Smalt her. Production was finally given up in 1874.
Development of the population
|
|
|
Personalities
.jpg)
- Karl Stülpner (1762–1841), an Erzgebirge soldier , poacher , smuggler , manufacturer and bon vivant, leased a tavern in Christophhammer around 1812
- Ferdinand Stamm (1813–1880), Bohemian-Austrian writer, journalist and politician.
literature
- Bernd Lahl : From the blue color factory Christophhammer, from Kobaltpaschern and Karl Stülpner. In: Erzgebirgische Heimatblätter . Issue 4/2005. Pp. 5-7.
- Bernd Schreiter : Hammer works in the Preßnitz and Schwarzwassertal. Forays through the history of the Upper Ore Mountains Issue 14, Annaberg-Buchholz 1997 (PDF; 200 kB) ( Memento from February 22, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- Josef Hoßner: The creation of Christophhammer. In: Erzgebirgs-Zeitung , 43rd year, 1922, pp. 124–125; 195; 219. ( digitized version ). Reprinted in: Der Grenzgänger , information from the Bohemian Ore Mountains, issue 69, February / March 2018, pp. 21–24 ( online ) (Josef Hoßner was senior teacher in Christofhammer.)
- Franz Ambrosius Reuss : The blue color factory at St. Christophshammer . In: Mineralogical and mining remarks on Bohemia . Christian Friedrich Himburg, Berlin 1801, p. 658-669 ( digitized version ).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/563315/Obec-Krystofovy-Hamry
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/563315/Obec-Krystofovy-Hamry
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/563315/Obec-Krystofovy-Hamry
- ↑ Bernd Schreiter : The home book of the Preßnitztal. Verlag Bernd Schreiter, 2015; P. 78
- ↑ The Hájovna Desert (Hegerhaus) on gov.genealogy.net
- ↑ Hegerhaus on www.zanikleobce.cz
- ^ Hegerhaus in the section "Christofhammer" on the website www.pressnitzerkreis.de
- ^ Hegerhaus in the description of the Kingdom of Bohemia
- ↑ Various authors (including Stanislav Ded): Přísečnice - zatopena, ale nezapomenuta / Preßnitz - lost but not forgotten ; Anthology, Chomutov Regional Museum, 2004, no ISBN. Map of the Preßnitz district by Friedrich Selner 1861, p. 83 (Czech / German).
- ↑ Historický lexikon obcí České republiky - 1869-2015. Český statistický úřad, December 18, 2015, accessed on January 23, 2016 (Czech).
Černý Potok | Dolina | Kryštofovy Hamry | Mezilesí | Přísečnice | Rusová