Vejprty
| Vejprty | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Ústecký kraj | ||||
| District : | Chomutov | ||||
| Area : | 977.1474 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 30 ' N , 13 ° 2' E | ||||
| Height: | 725 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 2,871 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 431 91-431 94 | ||||
| License plate : | U | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Railway connection: |
Chomutov – Vejprty Annaberg – Vejprty |
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| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 3 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Jitka Gavdunová (as of 2007) | ||||
| Address: | Tylova 870/6 431 91 Vejprty |
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| Municipality number: | 563404 | ||||
| Website : | www.vejprty.cz | ||||
| Location of Vejprty in the Chomutov district | |||||
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Vejprty ( German Weipert ) is a town in Ústecký kraj in the Czech Republic .
geography
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location
The city is located in western Bohemia in the Bohemian part of the Ore Mountains at 760 m nm . The location borders directly on the neighboring Bärenstein in Saxony in the west . The Pöhlbach (Czech: Polava ), which forms the state border between the Czech Republic and Germany, runs between the two places . Both places are at the foot of the Bärenstein basalt table mountain .
Local division
The town of Vejprty consists of the districts České Hamry ( Bohemian Hammer ), Vejprty ( Weipert ) and Výsada ( Lauxmühle ). Basic settlement units are České Hamry, Nové Zvolání ( Neugeschrei ) and Vejprty. The district of Weipert-Grund with the Blechhammer, which was located in the north of the city directly opposite the Bärensteiner district of Kühberg , was relocated after 1945 and almost completely demolished.
The municipality is divided into the cadastral districts of České Hamry u Vejprt and Vejprty.
Neighboring places
| Königswalde | ||
| Bear stone |
.svg)
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Kryštofovy Hamry (Christophhammer) |
| Oberwiesenthal | Loučná pod Klínovcem (Bohemian Wiesenthal) | Kovářská (Forge Hill ) |
history
In the early Middle Ages, a trade route led from Prague over the Pressnitz Pass to Leipzig and Halle and crossed the border at the Blechhammer in Weipert-Grund .
In 1413 a boundary sign "by dem wyprechte" was mentioned for the first time and in feudal deeds from 1526 and 1573 there is talk of "Wüsten Hammer Weyberth", which was located in the now no longer populated part of the former district Weipert-Grund. After the arrival of the Reformation , Weipert received a Protestant church in 1551, which was named "Martinskirche" in honor of Martin Luther . It was also visited by believers from the neighboring Saxon town of Bärenstein across the border. Exposed silver ore attracted more and more miners. Mines and settlements emerged. In 1607 Weipert became the "Royal Free Mountain City". From 1617, Weipert was no longer under the rule of Preßnitz , but directly to the King of Bohemia. In the course of the Counter Reformation , the last Protestant pastor from Weipert left the Kingdom of Bohemia in 1625. Numerous Protestant residents of Weipert and the neighboring towns also left the country and settled on the opposite, Saxon side of the Pöhlbach as exiles , where they founded the settlements Stahlberg , Precipitation and Hammerunterwiesenthal . The Protestant church was initially used as a Catholic church and later converted into a cemetery chapel.
After the revolutionary years of 1848/49 in the Austrian Empire , patrimonial jurisdiction was repealed. It was replaced by the judicial district of Preßnitz , from which the judicial district of Weipert was split off in 1901/02 . This was assigned to the newly founded Preßnitz district . The period from 1860 to 1910 was Weipert's heyday. In 1872, when the Komotau – Weipert railway went into operation, Weipert received a generously dimensioned border station . 50 factories, bank buildings, administrative and town houses made the city with its almost 13,000 inhabitants one of the most important industrial cities in the Upper Ore Mountains. After 1900, the town of Neugeschrei, south of the city, was incorporated into Weipert.
After the end of the First World War and the decline of the Danube Monarchy , Weipert was added to the newly formed Czechoslovakia in 1919 . Because of the Munich Agreement in 1938 came Weipert to the German Reich marched in October 1938, German troops across the border bridge, and Weipert belonged until 1945 to the district Preßnitz , Region of Eger , in the Reich District of Sudetenland . It was incorporated into the Preßnitz district on October 10, 1938. As a result, in October 1938 the state border to Bärenstein ceased to exist. The division of the Preßnitz district planned in 1939 and the incorporation of the Weipert judicial district into the Sankt Joachimsthal district were not carried out until 1945.
- Expulsion of the Germans
After the end of the Second World War , Czechoslovakia was re-established in 1945 within the limits from the time before the Munich Agreement, to which the town of Weipert, now known as Vejprty, and its districts belonged again. It was now administered by the Okres Chomutov . Between 1945 and 1946 the predominantly German-Bohemian population was expelled . Their property was confiscated by the Beneš decree 108 , the property of the Protestant church was liquidated by the Beneš decree 131 and the Catholic city churches were expropriated during the communist era . The Czech Republic made no compensation for the confiscated assets. War and displacement killed around 460 people.
The heavily depopulated city became increasingly dilapidated. Hundreds of houses and many factory buildings, especially in the northern district of Grund, which was located in the 100 meter wide border strip established in 1952, and in the city center were demolished. Even in 1982 the Protestant church was blown up. In their place, the city administration erected a memorial stone in a joint action with the "Weipert Home Committee" in summer 2005. The plaque attached to it reminds of the house of God built in 1905 in the Art Nouveau style and bears the inscription in two languages: Hearts have been hurt, but the mind demands reconciliation!
In 2004 around 3,000 Czechs and around 400 Germans (11 percent) lived in the city. With targeted donation campaigns, the formerly displaced people renovated the Catholic Dean Church of All Saints . In addition, an anonymous donor ensured that the three bells removed in the war year 1942 could be re-cast at Perner in Passau in May 2005 , consecrated on July 31, 2005 by the Pilsen bishop František Radkovský and sounded again at the home meeting on September 4, 2005. For the first time since the end of the war, the fair, the “Weiperter Festival”, was celebrated again for the consecration of bells. It is to take place every year in July.
In order to preserve the little Martinskirche, which was built around 1551, a comprehensive interior restoration was carried out by means of a joint donation campaign by the former and current residents as well as other financial resources from the monument protection. On Martin's Day, November 11, 2006, the altarpiece reconstructed by Klaus Kastler from Nuremberg was ceremoniously unveiled. With the renewal of the outer facade, the last work has come to an end.
On December 16, 2005, the border crossing to Bärenstein was reopened for vehicles (up to 3.5 t) after 60 years, after the border bridge had been rebuilt shortly before. The dilapidated buildings of the former company "Bayer & Kreuzig", the "Langer & Söhne" factory and the "Kraft factory" were demolished. On the cleared area there are parts of the border clearance system as well as a supermarket and a gas station. In 2013 the “Common Center” opened on the site. H. a common center of Bärenstein and Vejprty. On the German side there is a pavilion that serves as an exhibition room, information center and cultural hall. The city is making visible efforts to give the former city center, in which many prefabricated buildings are today, a friendly face again.
Demographics
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1783 | k. A. | 305 houses |
| 1830 | 2,972 | in 402 houses |
| 1845 | 3,275 | in 410 houses |
| 1857 | 4,160 | on October 31st |
| 1869 | 5,349 | |
| 1880 | 6,308 | |
| 1890 | 8,196 | |
| 1900 | 10,039 | German residents |
| 1910 | 11,692 | |
| 1921 | 10,256 | thereof 9,996 (94%) Germans |
| 1930 | 11,751 | thereof 11,103 Germans, 238 Czechs and 407 foreigners. |
| 1939 | 10,667 | thereof 611 Evangelicals, 9,721 Catholics and two other Christians (no Jews) |
| year | 1950 | 1961 | 1970 | 1980 | 1991 1 | 2001 1 | 2011 1 |
| Residents | 4,476 | 4,467 | 3,546 | 3,820 | 3,320 | 3,336 | 2,950 |
Attractions
- The forest cemetery at the end of the village in the direction of Kovářská with its imposing tombs tells of the city's former wealth.
- Kostel Všech Svatých ( To All Saints ).
- Anton-Günther-Ruh in the former Grund district, located on the way from the train station to the former Blechhammer (towards Bärenstein, Kühberg district)
- Wardis Cross
Kostel Všech svatých
Forest cemetery in Weipert
Kostel svatého Martina
Vejprty Railway Station (2003)
Town twinning
- Gunzenhausen in Bavaria has been the godfather town of the people who were once expelled from Weipert since 1954. A partnership agreement has existed with the immediate neighbor Bärenstein since 2005. Good contacts have been established since 1990 between the town of Vejprty, its neighboring town of Bärenstein in Saxony, and the Weipert Home Committee, which represents the interests of the expellees from Weipert.
traffic
From Vejprty train station there are regular seasonal train connections (summer) to Chomutov ( Chomutov – Vejprty line ) and Cranzahl ( Vejprty – Annaberg-Buchholz railway line ).
sons and daughters of the town
- Theodor Innitzer (1875–1955), cardinal, archbishop of Vienna
- Wilhelm Dick (1897–1980), ski jumper
- Ernst Bartl (1899–1972), home curator and federal director of Eghalanda Gmoi, also a local politician in Eger
- Jupp Müller (1921–1985), writer
- KFE Weisgärber (* 1927), caricaturist
- Walter W. Müller (* 1933), German Semitist
An honorary citizen of the city is Franz Illner (1855–1924), who worked here as a city doctor from 1887 and received honorary citizenship for his selfless actions.
Web links
- Official website of the city of Vejprty (Czech)
- Website of the Denkmalpflege Weipert eV on historic Weipert buildings before 1945 (German)
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/563404/Vejprty
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/563404/Obec-Vejprty
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/563404/Obec-Vejprty
- ↑ Private, German-language homepage about the Weipert-Grund district
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/563404/Obec-Vejprty
- ↑ List of mines in Weipert at www.weiperter-vorfahren.de
- ↑ "Allgemeine Anzeiger der Kreisstadt Saaz", p. 341
- ↑ The Protestant Church of Weipert in the history of the Erlöserkirche Bärenstein
- ↑ Neugeschrei on the website www.weiperter-vorfahren.de
- ^ Website of the common center Bärenstein –Vejprty
- ↑ Jaroslaus Schaller : Topography of the Kingdom of Bohemia . Volume 2: Ellbogner Kreis , Prague 1785, pp. 102-103, item 41) .
- ↑ Yearbooks of the Bohemian Museum of Natural and Regional Studies, History, Art and Literature . Volume 2, Prague 1831, p. 199, point 5) below.
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia . Volume 15: Elbogen Circle , Prague 1847, p. 128 .
- ↑ Statistical overviews of the population and livestock in Austria . Vienna 1859, p. 41, left column .
- ^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 20, Leipzig and Vienna 1909, p. 491 .
- ^ Ernst Pfohl: Ortlexikon Sudetenland. Page 647. Helmut Preussler Verlag-Nürnberg. 1987. ISBN 3-925362-47-9
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. sud_stjoachim.html # ew39stjtweipert. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ Rudolf Hemmerle : Sudetenland Lexikon Volume 4, page 474. Adam Kraft Verlag, 1985. ISBN 3-8083-1163-0 .
- ↑ Historický lexikon obcí České republiky - 1869-2015. (PDF) Český statistický úřad, December 18, 2015, accessed on January 23, 2016 (Czech).
- ↑ https://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~tla/boehmen/begrenzgaenger/Grenzgaenger_36.pdf The border commuter; Information from the Bohemian Ore Mountains , issue 36, June 2014, accessed on Feb. 10, 2020