Border station
Border stations , also border stations or obsolete exchange stations are stations at which the service facilities necessary for the passage of traffic across the state border , in particular customs surveillance , are carried out.
They are often equipped with systems for changing locomotives , especially when it comes to electrified railway lines that belong to different power systems ( system separation point ). In some train stations such as Aachen Hbf , the power system can be switched on the platform tracks. Multi-system trains such as ICE International or Thalys can then continue after a short stop without changing the locomotive . If necessary, the traffic regulations also change in border stations , for example in Basel SBB or Roosendaal . In some countries because of different track widths of the respective railways exist, there are in some border stations gemischtspurige tracks and / or axle changing . Examples are Brest Zentralny train station in Belarus , Tschop in Ukraine and Portbou train station in Spain .
In addition, there are mostly customs and border protection facilities at border stations . A few border stations are also marshalling yards , for example Chiasso on the Swiss - Italian border.
The Bayerisch Eisenstein train station is a specialty , with half of its facilities in two countries. The border between Germany and the Czech Republic runs through the center of the reception building .
The former Basel Bad marshalling yard . Rbf in Weil am Rhein is to a small extent on Swiss soil. However, the customs borders in the station do not run along the national borders, but along the various track fields adapted to the operation. This made it possible for a freight train in the direction of Lörrach and the bypass curve to never leave Germany in terms of customs and was therefore within the customs territory of the Community for the entire journey. The station has lost its importance with the construction of the marshalling yard in Muttenz (CH).
Examples of border stations at German borders are: Aachen Hbf , Bad Schandau , Flensburg , Frankfurt (Oder) Pbf , Görlitz , Horka Gbf , Kehl , Konstanz , Lindau Hbf , Passau Hbf , Puttgarden and Saarbrücken Hbf . For a long time, Salzburg's main train station also functioned as a border station between Austria and Germany. The Thörl-Maglern border station in Arnoldstein was an important border station to Italy . A special feature set of the middle of the GDR situated Station Seddin -South is that for rapid transit with the Trans-Europ-Express Marchandises typical GDR (TEEM) the border station with concrete walls, metal mesh fences, towers and floodlights was expanded.
The stations Friedrichstrasse ( Berlin ), Griebnitzsee ( Potsdam ) and the former inner-German border stations, for example at the border crossing at Helmstedt-Marienborn , the border station Probstzella and the border station Gutenfürst, are significant in the history of the division of Germany .
See also
literature
- Border stations. In: Viktor von Röll (ed.): Encyclopedia of the Railway System . 2nd Edition. Volume 5: Driver's Freight Tariffs . Urban & Schwarzenberg, Berlin / Vienna 1914, p. 370 f.
- Gerhard Greß: 1989: Unlimited on German rails . Eisenbahn-Kurier Special 54, Freiburg 1999
Individual evidence
- ^ Ulrich Hassel: Quickly through the GDR . In Eisenbahn Geschichte 76 (June / July 2016), pp. 4–13.