List of traction power systems
The list of traction current systems gives an overview of the traction current systems used worldwide , both current and historical. The tables indicate the nominal voltages . The electrical voltage actually present at a certain point on the railway line can deviate from this nominal voltage within specified tolerance ranges. Deviations arise, for example, from the distance from the substation or from the network load from moving trains. The electrical energy is fed to the traction vehicle via a contact line . This can be designed as an overhead line or a busbar .
Legend
- Main power systems of a country are fat represented
- Former power systems are shown in italics (this may mean that the railway is still in operation with a different power system)
Historic electricity systems for narrow-gauge railways in Switzerland
Many Swiss narrow-gauge railways have changed their nominal voltage over the course of their operating hours. In order to maintain an overview, the historical DC voltages of these railways up to and including 1500 V are not listed here. The list of narrow-gauge railways in Switzerland and the list of former Swiss railway lines provide a complete overview of all current and historical contact line voltage .
Direct current
Voltage up to 1,000 V.
tension | Supply line | country | route | Length km |
from | to |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
120 V | Overhead line | Great Britain | Seaton Tramway | |||
180 V | Runways | Germany | Electric tram Lichterfelde – Kadettenanstalt | 1881 | 1891 | |
220 V | Overhead line | Germany | Plauen Park Railway | 1.0 | 1959 | |
400 V | Busbar | Germany | Berchtesgaden salt mine railway | |||
500 V | Overhead line | As a general rule |
Main areas of application : trams Main areas of use : Europe |
|||
550 V | Overhead line with slotted pipes | Austria | Mödling – Hinterbrühl local railway | 1883 | 1932 | |
550 V | Overhead line | Austria | Pressburger Bahn from the state border | 1914 | 1945 | |
550 V | Overhead line | Switzerland | Grütschalp – Mürren | 4.27 | 1891 | |
550 V | Overhead line | Great Britain | Snaefell Mountain Railway | 8.0 | 1914 | |
550 V | Italy | Ferrovia Cogne-Acque Fredde | 1929 | |||
600 V | Overhead line | As a general rule |
Main areas of application : trams Main areas of use : Europe |
|||
600 V | Overhead line | Cuba | Hershey Railway | 135 | 1919 | |
600 V | Overhead line | Japan | Trolleybus of the Tateyama-Kurobe Pass, which serves the Ogizawa-Kurobedamu section | 6.1 | 1964 | 2018 |
600 V | Overhead line | Japan | Trolleybus of the Tateyama-Kurobe Pass, which serves the Murodo-Daikanbo section | 3.7 | 1996 | |
600 V | Overhead line | United States | Iowa Traction Railroad | 21st | 1897 | |
600 V | Overhead line | Austria | Vienna tram | 221.5 | 1897 | |
600 V | Overhead line | Austria | Tram Graz | 67.2 | 1898 | |
600 V | Overhead line | Switzerland | Baselland Transport AG (excluding Waldenburgerbahn) , Dolderbahn , mountain railway Rheineck – Walzenhausen , Bern – Worb Dorf , city line St. Gallen – pupil house of the Trogenerbahn (crossings of overhead lines with trolleybus St. Gallen ) as well as all urban trams ( Basel , Bern , Geneva , Neuchâtel and Zurich including Glattalbahn ) | |||
600 V | Overhead line | Germany | Trossingen Railway | 3.9 | 1898 | |
600 V | Overhead line | Germany | Flat section of the Oberweißbacher Bergbahn | 1923 | ||
600 V | Busbar | Germany | Wuppertal suspension railway | 13.3 | 1901 | |
600 V | Busbar | Italy | Sassi – Superga rack railway | 3.135 | 1935 | |
600 V | Busbar | Argentina | Line B and Urquiza of the subway in Buenos Aires | |||
600 V | Busbar | United States | Boston : Red Line Subway ( MBTA ) | 1912 | ||
650 V | Overhead line | Germany | The Klingenthal – Sachsenberg-Georgenthal narrow-gauge railway | 4.113 | 1917 | 1964 |
650 V | Busbar between runways |
United States | New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad : Hartford –New Britain – Berlin (Connecticut) and –New Bristol (Connecticut) | 1898 (approx.) | ? | |
675 V | Busbar | United States | Baltimore and Ohio Railroad : Howard Street Tunnel in Baltimore (Camden Station - Huntingdon Avenue) | 1895 | 1952 | |
700 V | Busbar | United States | Metro-North Railroad (Hudson & Harlem Line) | |||
± 700 V | Overhead line (two-pole) | Czech Republic | Local railway Tábor – Bechyně | 24.091 | 1903 | 1929 |
750 V | Overhead line | As a general rule |
Main areas of application : light rail main areas of distribution |
|||
750 V | Overhead line | Germany | Light rail ( Stadtbahn Stuttgart , Stadtbahn Köln / Bonn , Stadtbahn Dortmund , Stadtbahn Hannover etc.) , Albtalbahn , Upper Rhine Railway , Rhein-Haardtbahn | |||
750 V | Overhead line | Austria | Service of the International Rhine Regulation | |||
750 V | Overhead line | Switzerland | Bex-Villars-Bretaye-Bahn , service railway of the international Rhine regulation , Ferrovia Monte Generoso , Chemin de fer Orbe – Chavornay , Stadtbahn Lausanne , Wynental- and Suhrentalbahn | |||
750 V | Busbar | As a general rule |
Main areas of application : subways , long-distance railways Main areas of use : Europe |
|||
750 V | Busbar | Germany | S-Bahn Berlin , U-Bahn Berlin ( both systems ), U-Bahn Hamburg , U-Bahn Munich , U-Bahn Nuremberg | |||
750 V | Busbar | Austria | Vienna subway | |||
750 V | Busbar | Switzerland | Freiburg-Murten-Ins-Bahn (later up to 900 V) | 25.60 | 1903 | 1947 |
750 V | Busbar | Great Britain | Long-distance railways in southern England | |||
750 V | Busbar | Romania | Bucharest Metro | |||
750 V | Busbar | Russia | Metro trains in Russia | |||
750 V | Busbar | Czech Republic | Prague metro | |||
750 V | Busbar | Hungary | Budapest Metro | |||
750 V | Busbar | United States | long Island | |||
750 V | Busbar between runways |
France | Parts of the Bordeaux tram (busbar only when passing under voltage) | 2003 | ||
800 V | Overhead line | Germany | Buckower Kleinbahn | 4.9 | 1930 | 1981 |
800 V | Overhead line | Austria | various branch lines of the Stern & Hafferl Verkehrsgesellschaft , regional trams | |||
800 V | Poland | Routes around Gdansk and Gdynia | 44.5 | 1951 | 1976 | |
850 V | Overhead line | Austria | Local railway Vienna – Baden , Innsbruck-Fulpmes | |||
850 V | Overhead line | Switzerland | Montreux-Territet-Glion-Rochers-de-Naye Railway | 10.36 | 1909-1938 | |
850 V | Overhead line / conductor rail | Switzerland | Martigny-Châtelard Railway | 20.87 | 1889 | |
850 V | Busbar | France | Ligne de Cerdagne , Saint-Gervais – Vallorcine railway line | |||
900 V | Overhead line | Switzerland | Blonay – Chamby , meter gauge lines of the Freiburg Transport Authority , Montreux-Berner Oberland-Bahn , Vevey – Blonay – Les Pléiades |
Voltage 1,000-1,999 volts
tension | Supply line | country | route | Length km |
from | to |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1,000 V | Overhead line | Austria | Railway line Salzburg – Lamprechtshausen and railway line Bürmoos – Ostermiething | |||
1,000 V | Overhead line | Switzerland | Bernina Railway , Lugano-Ponte-Tresa Railway , Trogenerbahn (excluding the St. Gallen – Schülerhaus city line) , Wohlen-Meisterschwanden Railway (1916–1966 with 1000–1200 V) | |||
1,000 V | Overhead line | Hungary | HÉV (Budapest suburban railway) | |||
1,100 V | Germany | Works railway of the Peenemünde Army Research Institute | 1943 | 1946 | ||
1,100 V | Argentina | Line A of the subway in Buenos Aires | ||||
1,200 V | Overhead line | Germany | Pit tracks in Niederlausitzer , Central German coal mining area , and in the lignite field Wetterau km 23, (1954-1991), outside range Eberstadt the tram Darmstadt to 1945, Schleizer small train (1930-1969) , Köln-Bonner railways (dissolved 1992), Wachtlbahn | |||
1,200 V | Busbar | Germany | S-Bahn Hamburg | 1940 | ||
1,200 V | Overhead line | Switzerland | Biel-Täuffelen-in-web , Centovalli web , Forchbahn , Frauenfeld-Wil railway , Oberaargau-Jura webs , Meiringen-Innertkirchen railway , Solothurn-Niederbipp train , Wohlen-Bremgarten-Dietikon | |||
1,200 V | Catenary (laterally offset) | Switzerland | Uetlibergbahn | 10.36 | 1923 | |
1,200 V | Overhead line | Cuba | Ferrocarriles de Cuba | 1985 | ||
1,200 V | Overhead line | Spain | Ferrocarril de Sóller | 1927 | ||
± 1,200 V | Overhead line (two-pole) | France | Chemin de fer de La Mure | 1903 | 1950 | |
1,250 V | Overhead line | Switzerland | Regional traffic Bern – Solothurn (excluding Bern – Worb Dorf) | |||
1,280 V | Czech Republic | Hohenfurt Electric Local Railway | 1911 | 1956 | ||
1,500 V | Overhead line | As a general rule |
Main areas of application : long-distance railways . Area of use : Netherlands, southern France |
|||
1,500 V | Overhead line | Germany |
Extertalbahn (1927–?) And two entries:
|
1927 | ||
1,500 V | Overhead line | Austria | Landesbahn Feldbach – Bad Gleichenberg | 21.2 | 1931 | 1945 |
1,500 V | Overhead line | Switzerland | Meter-gauge network of the Appenzeller Bahnen (without Trogenerbahn) , Berner Oberland-Bahnen , Chemins de fer des Montagnes Neuchâteloises , Chemin de fer Nyon – Saint-Cergue – Morez , meter gauge network of Chemins de fer du Jura , Lausanne-Echallens-Bercher-Bahn , Rigi Railways , Transports Publics du Chablais (without Bex-Villars-Bretaye-Bahn) , Waldenburgerbahn , Wengernalpbahn , Genève – La Plaine (1956–2014) | |||
1,500 V | Overhead line | Argentina | Lines C, D, E of the Buenos Aires Metro | |||
1,500 V | Overhead line | Australia | Long-distance railways in Australia ( Melbourne , Sydney ) | |||
1,500 V | Overhead line | Belgium | Brussels-Leopoldswijk - Tervuren railway line, Belgium's first (and only 1500 V) electrified railway line | 13.1 | 1931 | 1970 |
1,500 V | Overhead line | Denmark | Copenhagen S-Bahn only | |||
1,500 V | Overhead line | France | Long-distance railways (old lines south of Paris ) | 1922 | ||
1,500 V | Overhead line | India | just around Mumbai | 2015 | ||
1,500 V | Overhead line | Ireland | Dublin Area Rapid Transit (DART) | |||
1,500 V | Overhead line | Italy | all lines of the Rome Metro | |||
1,500 V | Overhead line | Japan | Japan Railways long-distance trains | |||
1,500 V | Overhead line | New Zealand | Wellington region , until 1997 also Otira tunnel | |||
1,500 V | Overhead line | Netherlands | Nederlandse Spoorwegen | |||
1,500 V | Overhead line | Portugal | only Linha de Cascais , only track with 1500 V DC | 25.4 | 1926 | |
1,500 V | Overhead line | Spain | RENFE , Euskotren , FEVE | |||
1,500 V | Overhead line | United States | METRA , (railways around Chicago) | |||
1,500 V | Busbar | France | Maurienne route between Chambéry and Modane | 1925 | 1976 | |
1,500 V | Overhead line | Czech Republic | Tábor – Bechyně railway line , formerly around Prague and Hohenfurt Electric Local Railway | 1929 | ||
1,550 V | Overhead line | Switzerland | Pilatusbahn | 4.8 | 1937 | |
1,800 V | Overhead line | Austria | Landesbahn Feldbach – Bad Gleichenberg | 21.2 | 1948 |
Voltage from 2000 volts
tension | Supply line | country | route | Length km |
from | to |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2,200 V | Overhead line | Austria | Local railway Peggau – Übelbach | 10.247 | 1919 | 1968 |
2,200 V | Overhead line | Switzerland | Chemin de fer Nyon – Saint-Cergue – Morez (since 1985 1500 V =) | 26.96 | 1916 | 1985 |
2,400 V | Germany | Vattenfall mine railway | ||||
2,400 V | Overhead line | Switzerland | Chur-Arosa-Bahn (originally 2,200 V) (since 1997 11 kV ~) | 25,681 | 1914 | 1997 |
2,400 V | Overhead line | France | Chemin de fer de La Mure | 1950 | ||
2,400 V | Italy | Ferrovia Sangritana | 1924 | 1956/59 | ||
3,000 V | Overhead line | As a general rule |
Main areas of application : mainline railways Main areas of distribution : Belgium, Italy, CIS countries |
|||
3,000 V | Overhead line | Belgium | Long-distance railways in Belgium | |||
3,000 V | Overhead line | Brazil | Rail transport in Brazil | |||
3,000 V | Overhead line | Chile | ||||
3,000 V | Overhead line | Germany | an offshoot from Belgium:
|
6.8 | 1966 | |
3,000 V | Overhead line | Estonia | Eesti Raudtee | |||
3,000 V | Overhead line | Italy | Ferrovie dello Stato long-distance railways (except Sardinia) | |||
3,000 V | Overhead line | Croatia | a branch from Slovenia border - Šapjane (3.3 km), formerly Šapjane-Rijeka, 27.5 km and Zagreb-Rijeka (329 km), (both until December 2012) | 1935 | ||
3,000 V | Overhead line | Latvia | Latvijas dzelzceļš , re-electrification to 25 kV 50 Hz planned, [1] | |||
3,000 V | Overhead line | Luxembourg | Luxembourg – Arlon (-Brussels) railway line only | 18.8 | 1956 | 2018 |
3,000 V | Overhead line | Netherlands | two offshoots from Belgium
|
17.3 | 1957 | |
3,000 V | Overhead line | North Korea | Rail transport in North Korea | |||
3,000 V | Overhead line | Austria | a runner from Slovenia
|
2.1 | ||
3,000 V | Overhead line | Poland | Long-distance railways of the Polskie Koleje Państwowe | |||
3,000 V | Overhead line | San Marino | Rimini – San Marino railway line | 19.8 | 1932 | 1944 |
3,000 V | Overhead line | Switzerland | an offshoot from Italy: | 0.3 | 1939 | |
3,000 V | Overhead line | Slovakia | Long-distance railways of the Železnice Slovenskej republiky (in the north of the country, Bohumin – Cierna – Tisou line and adjacent) , re-electrification planned [2] | |||
3,000 V | Overhead line | Slovenia | Long-distance railways of the Slovenske železnice | |||
3,000 V | Overhead line | Spain | Long-distance railways (most of the RENFE lines ) | |||
3,000 V | Overhead line | South Africa | Rail transport in South Africa | |||
3,000 V | Overhead line | Czech Republic | Long-distance railways in the north and east, re-electrification planned [3] | 1796 | ||
3,000 V | Overhead line | United States | Milwaukee Road | 1914 | 1974 | |
3,000 V | Overhead line | United States | Cleveland Union Terminals , Ohio : Collinwood - Linndale | 27 | 1929 | 1959 |
3,000 V | Overhead line | CIS countries | ||||
3,000 V | Overhead line | Russia | Rossiysky zheleznye dorogi | |||
6,000 V | Russia | Test track in Russia |
Single phase alternating current
Voltage up to 10,000 volts
tension | frequency | country | route | Length km |
from | to |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
220 V | 50 Hz | Germany | Satzvey Tongrube - Satzvey DB-Bahnhof Example, there were many light railways with energy supply directly from the state network . | 1.1 | 1918 | 1995 |
2,000 V | 15 Hz | Italy | Tranvia Vernabia - Omegna | 1910/12 | 1946 | |
3,000 V | 50 Hz | Austria | Stubaitalbahn Innsbruck - Fulpmes since then 900 V = | 18.2 | 1904 | 1983 |
3,300 V | 25 Hz | Canada | St. Clair Tunnel : ( Port Huron -) Sarnia | 1908 | 1959 | |
3,300 V | 25 Hz | United States | St. Clair Tunnel : Port Huron (- Sarnia ) | 1908 | 1959 | |
5,000 V | 20 Hz | Switzerland | Maggia Valley Railway (lateral overhead line) then until 1965 1200 V = | 1907 | 1925 | |
5,000 V | 25 Hz | Sweden | Mellersta Östergötlands Järnvägar , ( Klockrike - Borensberg ) | 8.0 | 1907 | 1915 |
5,500 V | 25 Hz | Switzerland | Seetalbahn since then 15,000 V 16 ⅔ or 16.7 Hz | 1910 | 1930 | |
5000 V |
5500 V 15/16 16 Hz ⅔ |
Germany |
Ammergaubahn Murnau - Oberammergau : There are different details here:
since then 15,000 V 16 ⅔ or 16.7 Hz |
23.7 | 1905 | 1954 |
6,000 V | 25 Hz | France | Compagnie des chemins de fer des Pyrénées-Orientales ( Arles-sur-Tech - Prats-de-Mollo-la-Preste ) | 28.7 | 1913 | 1937 |
6,000 V | 25 Hz | Italy | Ferrovia di Valle Brembana -FVB- ( Bergamo - San Pellegrino Terme - Piazza Brembana ) | 40.7 | 1926 | 1966 |
6,300 V | 25 Hz | Germany | Hamburg-Altona light rail and suburban railway (Stadtbahn) | 1907 | 1955 | |
6,500 V | 25 Hz | Austria | Mariazellerbahn St. Pölten - Mariazell | 84.2 | 1911 | |
6,500 V | 25 Hz | Italy | Roma Flaminio – Viterbo railway line | 101.9 | 1906? | |
6,600 V | 25 Hz | Norway | Thamshavnbanen : Thamshavn - Løkken Verk | 25.3 | today | |
6,600 V | 25 Hz | United States | Spokane & Inland Empire Railroad : Spokane - Colfax / Moscow | 1906 | 1940 | |
6,600 V | 50 Hz | Germany | North-South Railway and Hambach Railway of RWE Power AG | |||
6,600 V | 50 Hz | France | Routes of the Tramways des Alpes-Maritimes | |||
6,600 V | 50 Hz | Italy | Società Veneta routes | |||
7,500 V | 16 ⅔ Hz | Switzerland | Gotthardbahn Göschenen – Castione-Arbedo Voltage reduction during mixed steam-electric operation | 1920 | 1921 | |
8,000 V | 15 Hz | Switzerland | Chemins de fer Martigny – Orsières since then 15,000 V 16 ⅔ or 16.7 Hz | 19.3 | 1910 | 1949 |
8,000 V | 25 Hz | Germany | Albtalbahn since then 750 V = | 1911 | 1966 |
Voltage 10,000 to 19,999 volts
tension | frequency | country | route | Length km |
from | to |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10,000 V | 25 Hz | Netherlands | Hofpleinlijn , ( Rotterdam - Scheveningen ) | 1907 | 1926 | |
10,000 V | 25 Hz | Sweden | Mellersta Östergötlands Järnvägar , ( Klockrike - Borensberg , Linköping - Fågelsta , Fornåsa - Motala ) | 1915 | 1956 | |
11,000 V | 16.7 Hz 16 ⅔ Hz | Switzerland | Rhaetian Railway (main network and Arosalinie since 1997 ), Matterhorn-Gotthard-Bahn ( Brig-Visp-Zermatt-Bahn originally 10.5–11.5 kV 16 ⅔ Hz, Furka-Oberalp-Bahn originally 11.5 kV 16 ⅔ Hz) | 464 | 1913 | |
11,000 V | 25 Hz | Italy | Ferrovia Alifana e Benevento - Napoli (FABN): Naples - Santa Maria Capua Vetere - Capua (43 km) | 59 | 1913 | 1955 |
11,000 V | 25 Hz | As a general rule | Formerly the standard railway power system in North America. Main areas of application : freight traffic. Main areas of use : USA |
1913 | ||
11,000 V | 25 Hz | United States | Norfolk and Western Railway (N&W): Bluefield - Iaeger (Elkhorn Grade) | 84 | 1913 | 1950 |
11,000 V | 25 Hz | United States | Great Northern Railway : Wenatchee - Skykomish line through the new Cascade Tunnel | 1927 | 1956 | |
11,000 V | 25 Hz | United States | Rock Island & Southern Railway: Rock Island - Monmouth | 84 | ||
11,000 V | 25 Hz | United States | New Jersey Transit (NJT) Coast Line: Rahway - South Amboy 1978 voltage increased to 12.5 kV (= ½ of 25 kV) | 1936 | 1978 | |
11,000 V | 50 Hz | France | Chemin de fer du Montenvers Chamonix - Montenvers | 5.1 | 1953 | |
11,000 V | 50 Hz | France | Tramway du Mont-Blanc Le Fayet - Nid d'Aigle | 12.4 | ||
12,000 V | 16 ⅔ Hz | France | Perpignan – Villefranche-de-Conflent railway line | 1908 | 1984 | |
12,000 V | 25 Hz | France | Cannes – Grasse railway line in the Cannes- Mouans-Sartoux section, experimental electrification | 1910 | 1911 | |
12,000 V | 25 Hz | United States | Amtrak or its predecessor companies section New Haven -New York-Washington DC the Northeast Corridor ; up to 1948 11,000 V voltage; from New Haven to New York switched to 60 Hz AC since 1986, SEPTA ( Philadelphia ) | 1907 | ||
12,500 V | 60 Hz | As a general rule | Standard railway power system in North America Main areas of application : Long-distance and local rail passenger transport Main areas of distribution : new electrifications in the New York area, ...
|
1978 | ||
12,500 V | 60 Hz | United States | New Jersey Transit (NJT) Coast Line: Rahway - Long Branch 2002 Voltage increased to 25 kV | 1978 | 2002 | |
12,500 V | 60 Hz | United States | Metro-North Railroad : New Haven Line from Pelham via New Rochelle to New Haven previously electrified with 25 Hz alternating current since 1907/1914; Most of the route is also part of Amtrak's Northeast Corridor | 1986 | ||
15,000 V | 15 Hz | Switzerland | SBB : Test operation Seebach - Wettingen then switched to steam operation, since 1942 15,000 V 16 ⅔ or 16.7 Hz | 1905 | 1909 | |
15,000 V | 16.7 Hz 16 ⅔ Hz | As a general rule | Standard railway power system in Central and Northern Europe Main areas of application : Long-distance and local rail passenger transport , S-Bahn (with a few exceptions) Main areas of distribution : Germany, Austria and Switzerland and with 16 ⅔ Hz in Norway and Sweden |
1912 | ||
15,000 V | 16.7 Hz 16 ⅔ Hz | Germany | Deutsche Bahn , central network (federal territory with the exception of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and parts of Brandenburg) | 1995 | ||
15,000 V | 16 ⅔ Hz | Germany |
Deutsche Bahn : decentralized network (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and parts of Brandenburg) until 1995: Deutsche Bundesbahn , Deutsche Reichsbahn ; since 1994 Deutsche Bahn |
1912 | ||
15,000 V | 16.7 Hz 16 ⅔ Hz | Austria | Austrian Federal Railways , Montafonerbahn (12.7 km, since 1972) | 1912 | ||
15,000 V | 16.7 Hz 16 ⅔ Hz | Switzerland | almost all standard gauge railways, in particular: Swiss Federal Railways (since 1918), BLS AG (since 1913, 399 km), Südostbahn (since 1931, 123 km)
Meter gauge railways : Zentralbahn (since 1941, 99 km), MBC : Bière– / L'Isle – Apples – Morges line (since 1943, 30 km), Travys : Yverdon – Ste-Croix line (since 1945, 24 km) |
1913 | ||
15,000 V | 16.7 Hz | Belgium |
Aachen – Tongeren railway line
Gemmernich tunnel (border) to Montzen system change point on the Göhltalviadukt, the reason is the slope to Montzen, on which AC voltage is better suited, before diesel operation. |
5 | 2008 | |
15,000 V | 16 ⅔ Hz | Sweden | Statens Järnvägar | |||
15,000 V | 16 ⅔ Hz | Norway | Bane NOR (formerly: Norges Statsbaner ) | |||
15,000 V | 16.7 Hz 16 ⅔ Hz | Denmark | Section from Germany: | 1.1 | 1996 | |
15,000 V | 16.7 Hz 16 ⅔ Hz | France | Route sections from Switzerland and Germany:
|
12.32 | 1956 | |
15,000 V | 16.7 Hz 16 ⅔ Hz | Liechtenstein | Section between Austria and Switzerland: (Feldkirch -) border A-FL - Schaan-Vaduz - border FL-CH (- Buchs SG ) operated by Austrian Federal Railways | 1926 | ||
15,000 V | 16.7 Hz 16 ⅔ Hz | Italy | Route sections from Switzerland and Austria:
|
1930 | ||
15,000 V | 16.7 Hz 16 ⅔ Hz | Netherlands | Section from Germany: | 2.8 | 1968 | |
15,000 V | 16.7 Hz 16 ⅔ Hz | Slovakia | Section from Austria: | 1.7 | ||
15,000 V | 16.7 Hz 16 ⅔ Hz | Slovenia | Section from Austria: | 7.05 | ||
15,000 V | 16 ⅔ Hz | Czechoslovakia | Route sections from Silesia: | 7.7 | 1914 | 1945 |
15,000 V | 16.7 Hz 16 ⅔ Hz | Czech Republic | Section from Austria: | 12.8 | 2006 | |
15,000 V | 50 Hz | Switzerland | SBB : Test operation Seebach - Affoltern 16 January to 10 November, then switched to 15 Hz | 1905 | 1905 | |
16,000 V | 50 Hz | Hungary | Magyar Államvasutak : Budapest – Hegyeshalom line (border with Austria) converted to 25 kV in 1967 | 1932 | 1967 |
Voltage 20,000 volts and more
tension | frequency | country | route | Length km |
from | to |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
20,000 V | 50 Hz | Germany | Höllentalbahn 15,000 V 16 ⅔ or 16.7 Hz since then | 1933 | 1960 | |
20,000 V | 50 Hz | France | Aix-Les-Bains-Annecy-La Roche sur Foron since then 25,000 V 50 Hz | 78 | 1950 | 1953 |
20,000 V | 50 Hz | Japan | Standard of the Hokkaido RC and East Japan RC | |||
20,000 V | 60 Hz | Japan | Standard of Kyushu RC and West Japan RC | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | As a general rule |
Main areas of application : mainline and long-distance railways Main areas of distribution : Western, Southern, Eastern Europe, CIS countries, India, Japan, Australia |
|||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Germany |
Rübelandbahn (18.2 km) 2005-2008 no electrical operation
In the period from 1962 to 1971 between Hennigsdorf and Wustermark a part of the Berlin outer ring BAR (junction Hasselberg - Brieselang) for experimental purposes. 1973 Dismantling of the overhead contact line while retaining the masts, which were then used in 1983 for the 15,000 V standard electrification. The northern entry points and the northern pull-out track of the Vojtanov station (Voitersreuth). However, the infrastructure belongs to České dráhy ( ČD ). 1983 |
18.2 | 1965
1983 |
|
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Austria |
Raab-Oedenburg-Ebenfurter Eisenbahn : Neusiedler Seebahn (since 2003) Section from the Czech Republic: |
1987 | ||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Switzerland |
Chemin de fer de l'État de Genève : Genève Eaux-Vives - CH-F border (- Annemasse ) (4.0 km, 1986–2013) from 2017 15,000 V 16.7 Hz SBB : Genève – La Plaine (- border CH-F) (14.5 km, since 2014) previously 1500 V = |
18.5 | 1986 | |
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Argentina | Parts of the suburban railways of Buenos Aires | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Ethiopia | Addis Ababa – Djibouti railway line | 756 | 2016 | |
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Australia |
Queensland : Brisbane – Rockhampton railway ( North Coast railway line, Queensland ) from 1989 South Australia : Adelaide – Seaford railway ( Seaford railway line from February 23, 2014) Western Australia : Perth , Transperth Trains , from 1991 |
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25,000 V | 50 Hz | Belgium | Dinant-Athus , Gouvy-Rivage , Namur – Arlon railway line (re-electrification planned), high-speed lines HSL 1 to HSL 4 | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Željeznice Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine , Željeznice Republike Srpske | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Bulgaria | Balgarsky Darschawni Zheleznitsi | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | China | Railway network of the People's Republic of China | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Denmark | Danske Statsbaner | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Finland | VR-Yhtymä | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | France | Société nationale des chemins de fer français , high-speed TGV , routes in the north, new electrifications | 1952 | ||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Greece | Organismos Sidirodromon Ellados | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Great Britain | British Rail , Channel Tunnel Rail Link | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | India | Indian Railways | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Iran | Railway company of the Islamic Republic of Iran | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Israel | Israel Railways | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Italy | only high-speed traffic Ferrovie Alta Velocità and in Sardinia as well as the Vinschgau Railway from 2021 | 2005 | ||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Japan | Shinkansen high-speed traffic ( Jōetsu , Tōhoku , Hokkaidō , Nagano ) | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Kazakhstan | Turkestan-Siberian Railway | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Croatia | Hrvatske željeznice | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Lithuania | Lietuvos Gelezinkeliai | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Luxembourg | Chemins de Fer Luxembourgeois | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Monaco | Société nationale des chemins de fer français , Marseille – Ventimiglia railway line | 1969 | ||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Montenegro | Željeznica Crne Gore | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | New Zealand | North Island Main Trunk Railway , (Palmerston North - Te Rapa) | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Netherlands | Betuweroute , high-speed line HSL Zuid (high-speed line Schiphol – Antwerp) (from 2008) | 2007 | ||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | North Macedonia | Makedonski železnici | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Portugal | Comboios de Portugal | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Romania | Căile Ferate Române | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Russia | Rossiysky zheleznye dorogi | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Serbia | Železnice Srbije | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Slovakia | Železnice Slovenskej republiky (only in the south) | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Spain | High-speed AVE traffic ( SFS Madrid – Seville , SFS Madrid – Barcelona , SFS Madrid – Valladolid , SFS Saragossa – Huesca , SFS Córdoba – Málaga , SFS Madrid – Toledo ) | 1992 | ||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | South Africa | Rail transport in South Africa | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Czech Republic | České dráhy (in the west and south), new electrification, re-electrification from 3 kV GS to 25 kV WS planned [4] | 1374 | ||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Tunisia | Tunis | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Turkey | Rail transport in Turkey | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Ukraine | Ukrzalisnytsja | |||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Hungary |
Magyar Államvasutak Raab-Oedenburg-Ebenfurter Eisenbahn |
|||
25,000 V | 50 Hz | Belarus | Belaruskaya chyhunka | |||
25,000 V | 60 Hz | Japan | Shinkansen high-speed traffic ( Kyūshū , San'yō , Tōkaidō , Nagano ) | |||
25,000 V | 60 Hz | Canada | Quebec: Deux-Montagnes Line ( AMT ) | |||
25,000 V | 60 Hz | Mexico | Mexico City , Ferrocarril Suburbano de la Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México | |||
25,000 V | 60 Hz | Pakistan | Pakistan Railways (293 km) | |||
25,000 V | 60 Hz | South Korea | Korail | |||
25,000 V | 60 Hz | Taiwan | Taiwan High Speed Rail | |||
25,000 V | 60 Hz | United States |
New Jersey Transit , Amtrak (section Boston – New Haven of the Northeast Corridor ) (from 2000) Colorado: Denver (RTD) Line A, 38 km, from 2016 New Mexico: Four Corners power station to BHP Kohlmiene, 21.4 km from 1974 |
|||
50,000 V | 50 Hz | South Africa | Sishen – Saldanha railway line ( Orex line ,) | 861 | 1973 | |
50,000 V | 60 Hz | United States | Arizona: Black Mesa and Lake Powell Railroad (BM&LP) ; Coal discharge track between the Black Mesa Mine at Kayenta and the Navajo Generating Station , the local coal-fired power station in Page .
Due to the failed sale of the coal power plant in Page and its decommissioning, the coal railway is no longer needed. |
126 | 1973 | 2019 |
50,000 V | 60 Hz | Canada | British Columbia Railway : Tumbler Ridge Line | 132 | 1983 | 2000 |
50,000 V | 60 Hz | United States | Colorado and Utah : Deseret Power Railroad . From Rangely, Colorado to Bonanza, Utah. Coal removal track. Length 53 km, commissioned in 1984 | 53 | 1984 | |
50,000 V | 60 Hz | United States | Ohio near Beverly : Muskingum Electric Railroad ; Coal removal railway with driverless operation. Line is no longer in operation. | 32 | 1968 | 2004 |
Three-phase current
Two-pole overhead contact line with a rail as the third conductor
tension | frequency | Supply line | country | route | Length km |
from | to |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
two-pole catenary | Italy | Rete Adriatica | 1905 | ||||
45 V | two-pole catenary | Germany | Rumpelstiltskin children's tram | 0.2 | 1931 | ||
500 V | 40 Hz | two-pole catenary | Switzerland | Schwyz trams (Schwyz Bahnhof – Post) | 1900 | 1914 | |
500 V | 50 Hz | two-pole catenary | Switzerland | Rheinecker connecting railway | 0.816 | 1909 | 1958 |
550 V | 40 Hz | two-pole catenary | Switzerland | Gornergratbahn (1898–1930), Riffelalptram (1899–1960) | 9.34 | 1898 | 1960 |
650 V | 40 Hz | two-pole catenary | Switzerland | Jungfrau Railway (originally specified as 500 V 38 Hz, from 1960 650 V 50 Hz) | 9.3 | 1964 | |
725 V | 50 Hz | two-pole catenary | Switzerland | Gornergratbahn | 9.34 | 1930 | |
750 V | 33 Hz | two-pole catenary | Switzerland | Stansstad-Engelberg-Bahn (up to 850 V) | 1898 | 1964 | |
750 V | 40 Hz | two-pole catenary | Switzerland | Burgdorf-Thun-Bahn , from 1919 also Hasle-Rüegsau-Langnau | 1899 | 1933 | |
750 V | 50 Hz | two-pole catenary | Switzerland | Brunnen-Morschach Railway | 2.0 | 1905 | 1969 |
800 V | 60 Hz | two-pole catenary | Brazil | Corcovado mountain railway | 3.824 | 1910 | |
1125 V | 50 Hz | two-pole catenary | Switzerland | Jungfrau Railway | 9.3 | 1964 | |
3,000 V | 50 Hz | two-pole catenary | France | Chemin de Fer de la Rhune | 4.2 | 1924 | |
3,000 V | 16 ⅔ Hz | two-pole catenary | Switzerland | Brig – Iselle ,extended to Sion in1919(up to 3300 V) | 22.7 | 1906 | 1930 |
3,600 V | 16 ⅔ Hz | two-pole catenary | Italy | Routes in Northern Italy | 1912 | 1976 | |
5,500 V | 25 Hz | two-pole catenary | Spain | Almería – Gérgal railway line | 1911 | 1986 | |
6,600 V | 25 Hz | two-pole catenary | United States | Great Northern Railway : Wenatchee to Skykomish route through the old Cascade Tunnel | 1909 | 1927 | |
10,000 V | 50 Hz | two-pole catenary | Italy | Route in the outskirts of Rome | 1930 | 1945 |
Three-pole catenary
tension | frequency | Supply line | country | route | Length km |
from | to |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3,000 V | 50 Hz | three-pole catenary | Germany | Gruhlwerk opencast cog railway | 0.7 | 1927 | 1949 |
10,000 V | 50 Hz | three-pole catenary (side) | Germany | Three-phase test track Groß-Lichterfelde – Zehlendorf | 1.8 | 1898 | 1901 |
15,000 V | 50 Hz | three-pole catenary (side) | Germany | Royal Prussian Military Railway Zossen – Marienfelde | 23.4 | 1901 | 1904 |
50 Hz | three-pole catenary (side) | Russia | Krasnoyarsk boat lift | 1.5 | 1976 |
Four-pole busbar
tension | frequency | Supply line | country | route | Length km |
from | to |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
400 V | 50 Hz | four-pole busbar (in the guideway box) | As a general rule | H-Bahn | |||
400 V | 50 Hz | four-pole busbar (in the guideway box) | Germany | Dortmund H-Bahn | 3.162 | 1984 | |
400 V | 50 Hz | four-pole busbar (in the guideway box) | Germany | SkyTrain Düsseldorf | 2.5 | 2002 |
Other special designs
Direct current, two busbars
- London Underground : one power rail with +420 V next to the runways, the second with −210 V between the runways
- 750 V direct current, Metropolitana di Milano (line M1; lines M2 and M3 run with overhead lines and 1500 V direct current)
Power supply via rails
- Ungererbahn (1886–1895)
- Transportable children's railways at folk festivals (depending on the system, power is supplied with 12 or 24 volts direct current or 38 volts alternating current, mostly via the rails. Today, children's railways are probably the only passenger-carrying railways that are supplied with electricity via the rails).
See also
- List of re-electrified railway lines
- Traction current
- Overhead line
- Electric locomotive
- Multi-system vehicle
- History of the electric drive of rail vehicles
literature
- Hartmut Biesenack, Gerhard George, Gerhard Hofmann: Energy supply for electric railways , Vieweg + Teubner publishing house, Wiesbaden 2006, ISBN 978-3-519-06249-3 .
- Orenstein and Koppel (editors), Catalog Electrical Industrial Railways , Berlin 1901.
Web links
- Bahnstrom.de (but not completely)
- maps of railway networks with electrification data
Individual evidence
- ↑ See English Wikipedia article en: Railway electrification system or the relevant standards BS EN 50163 and IEC 60850 mentioned there
- ↑ Article from Scientific American dated July 12, 1897, accessed November 14, 2010, A Brief History Lines West Of The New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad Co. By Philip C. Blakeslee (1952) , accessed November 14, 2010
- ↑ L'essentiel: No trains from Arlon to Luxembourg for two months . In: L'essentiel in German . ( lessentiel.lu [accessed November 19, 2018]).
- ^ History of the first state railway in Bavaria, "Electrification" ( Memento of the original from May 16, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Bahnbetriebswerk Freilassing ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 11.4 MB)
- ↑ Eisenbahnen-der-Welt, development of the electric railway operation
- ↑ bundesbahnzeit.de: Type differences between the 169 series , accessed on March 9, 2013
- ↑ bundesbahnzeit.de: Murnau - Oberammergau , accessed on March 9, 2013
- ↑ KBS 963 - The Ammergaubahn ( Memento of the original from July 19, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ VDI Nachrichten 07.01.2005 ( Memento of the original from September 2, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Website of the DB Museum Nuremberg
- ↑ Georg Schwach, overhead lines for alternating current in Germany, Bern 1989, page 472, electrification data with the note "Clearly documented by RR Rossberg, Die Lokalbahn Murnau - Oberammergau, Stuttgart 1970" (PDF; 1.5 MB)
- ↑ TU Dresden, Historical Development of Electric Train Support ( Memento of the original from February 15, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m In 1995 the nominal frequency was increased from 16 ⅔ Hz to 16.7 Hz in Germany (central network), Austria and Switzerland in order to avoid excessive heating of asynchronous converters between industrial and to avoid the railway network at the target frequency. (see traction current ).
- ↑ The frequency corresponds to half of the 50 Hz system that was also used in the USA until around 1938.
- ↑ See en: Northeast Corridor and en: Amtrak's 25 Hz Traction Power System : 11 kV / 25 Hz operation from New York (Woodlawn) to Stamford since 1907, to New Haven since 1914; Gradual electrification of the section south of New York, commissioning from 1915 to 1935
- ↑ The voltage corresponds to half of 25 kV.
- ↑ except for Chemin de fer de l'État de Genève (until 2013 25,000 V 50 Hz), railway line Genève – La Plaine (until 2014 1500 V = , since then 25,000 V 50 Hz), line Etzwilen – Singen (not electrified), Kriens- Lucerne Railway (600 V = until 1968 , then diesel operation in 2012), Orbe-Chavornay Railway (750 V = ), Rigi Railway (1500 V = , with cogwheel), Lausanne city railway (750 V = ) and Uetlibergbahn (1200 V = )