Tōkaidō Shinkansen

Tōkaidō Shinkansen
Route length:	515.4 km
Gauge :	1435 mm ( standard gauge )
Power system :	25 kV, 60 Hz  ~
Top speed:	285 km / h
Legend ↑ JR East : Tōhoku Main Line / Tōhoku Shinkansen 0.0 Tokyo (東京 駅) JR East: Keiyō Line → ↓ JR East: Main Tōkaidō Line Shinkansen depot 6.8 Shinagawa (品 川 駅) ← JR East: Yamanote Line ↓ JR East: Hinkaku Line Kawasaki (川 崎 駅) ← JR East: Nambu Line → ← JR East: Hinkaku Line Tsurumi (鶴 見 駅) → JR East: Tsurumi Line 25.5 Shin-Yokohama (新 横 浜 駅) ← JR East: Yokohama Line Higashi-Kanagawa (東 神奈川 駅) Yokohama (横 浜 駅) → JR East: Negishi Line → JR East: Negishi Line Ōfuna (大船 駅) → JR East: Yokosuka Line ← JR East: Sagami Line Chigasaki (茅 ヶ 崎 駅) Kōzu (国 府 津 駅) ← JR Central : Gotemba Line ← Odakyū Odawara line 76.7 Odawara (小田原 駅) 95.4 Atami (熱 海 駅) → JR East: Itō Line ↑ JR East / ↓ JR Central Shin Tanna Tunnel (7959 m) 111.3 Mishima (三島 駅) Shinkansen depot ← JR Central: Gotemba Line Numazu (沼 津 駅) 135.0 Shin-Fuji (新 富士 駅) Fuji (富士 駅) ← JR Central: Minobu Line 167.4 Shizuoka (静岡 駅) 211.3 Kakegawa (掛 川 駅) 238.9 Hamamatsu (浜 松 駅) Shinkansen depot 274.2 Toyohashi (豊 橋 ​​駅) ← JR Central: Iida Line 312.8 Mikawa-Anjō (三河 安 城 駅) → JR Central: Taketoyo Line Ōbu (大 府 駅) ← JR Central: Main Chūō Line → JR Central: Kansai Main Line 342.0 Nagoya (名古屋 駅) 367.1 Gifu-Hashima (岐阜 羽 島 駅) ← JR Central: Takayama Main Line Gifu (岐阜 駅) ↑ JR Central / JR West ↓ ← JR West: Hokuriku Main Line 408.2 Maibara (米 原 駅) Shinkansen depot → JR West: Kusatsu Line Kusatsu (草津 駅) ← JR West: Kosei Line Yamashina (山 科 駅) → JR West: Nara Line 476.3 Kyoto (京都 駅) ← JR West: San'in Main Line Shinkansen depot 515.4 Shin-Osaka (新 大阪 駅) ↓ JR West: San'yō Shinkansen

The Tōkaidō Shinkansen ( Japanese 東海 道 新 幹線 ), named after the historic Tōkaidō highway , is a 515.4 kilometer long, standard-gauge Japanese railway - high-speed line operated by the JR Central railway company between Tōkyō ( Tōkyō ) and Shin-Osaka ( Osaka ) stations.

With more than 400,000 travelers per working day, it is considered the most heavily used high-speed line in the world.

history

The line went into operation on October 1, 1964, before the Tokyo Summer Olympics . It was the first line of the Shinkansen system and with a maximum speed of 200 km / h (from October 1965: 210 km / h) the first line for high-speed rail traffic (planned maximum speed over 200 km / h) worldwide.

With Tokyo, Yokohama , Osaka and Nagoya , the route connects the four largest cities in Japan. In the Tokyo area, three train stations are served by the Tokaido Shinkansen: Tokyo, Shinagawa and Shin-Yokohama. There are a total of 16 train stations along the route, which are served as required.

The high-speed network was extended by the San'yō Shinkansen in March 1972 to Okayama (171 km) and in 1975 to Hakata (393 km).

In 1971 around 100 trains per day and direction ran on the route. In March 1972, computer-aided train monitoring was put into operation. On March 14, 1992, JR Central launched the Nozomi, a third train service on the route. With initially two pairs of trains a day , the new Shinkansen series 300 trains ran at a top speed of 270 km / h. The travel time on the 515 km route could thus be reduced to two and a half hours. Further units of the 300 series added the Nozomi and the eight Hikari and three Kodama trains in the following months .

At the start of operations, 60 trains per day ran across the route. In July 1967 the 100 million traveler mark was reached. At the end of the 1980s, 250 trains per day ran on the route, with more than 100 million passengers per year. The share of the Shinkansen in the modal split on the connection between Tokyo and Osaka was 85 percent during this time. A study in the early 1990s found that 55 percent of traffic from other railroad lines went to the Tōkaidō Shinkansen. 23 percent from aviation and a total of 16 percent from buses and cars were transferred to the new line. Six percent of the traffic is new. Air traffic between Nagoya and Tokyo was suspended after the route opened. 132 million passengers used the Tokaido Shinkansen in 2002.

Since the timetable change in October 2003, the maximum speed of all three types of train (Nozomi, Hikari, Kodama) has been a uniform 270 km / h. Since March 2008, the Nozomi trains have been running between Tokyo and Osaka every ten minutes between 6:50 am and 10:10 am or 4:30 pm and 7:30 pm (both departing Tokyo). The regular travel time between Tokyo and Osaka is around 155 minutes. The fastest trains running on the edge of the day between Tokyo and Osaka achieve a journey time of 145 minutes (213.2 km / h travel speed ). The fastest train (N 1, from 6:00 a.m. Tokyo) covers the 1069 km long distance between Tokyo and Hakata in 290 minutes (221.2 km / h cruising speed).

The junction speeds of only 70 km / h at the subway stations, which are used by slower trains for overtaking by fast trains, are considered to be operationally obstructive.

There are 240 daily departures between Tokyo and Osaka. The flight offer is 114 flights. The market share of rail (compared to air traffic) was 81 percent in 2005 and 80 percent in 2008. Between Tokyo and Okayama (676.3 km) the rail market share in 2008 was 61% (2005: 57%), between Tokyo and Hiroshima (821.2 km) it was 54% (2005: 47%) and between Tokyo and Fukuoka at 8% (2005: 9%).

In the fiscal year 2003 the delay was only 0.1 minutes / train, including natural disasters. An examination of the causes of delays for delays of more than ten minutes in the first five years of operation showed that 52 percent were due to malfunctions in the signaling systems, 36 percent to overhead line faults and 12 percent to substation problems.

Train stations

Train stations	Japanese	Distance from Tokyo (km)	Transfer options	place
Tokyo	東京	0	Tōhoku Shinkansen , Jōetsu Shinkansen , Tōkaidō Main Line , Keihin-Tōhoku Line , Yamanote Line , Chūō Main Line , Yokosuka Line , Sōbu Main Line , Keiyō Line , Marunouchi Line	Chiyoda	Tokyo prefecture
Shinagawa	品 川	6.8	Main Tōkaidō Line , Keihin-Tōhoku Line , Yamanote Line , Yokosuka Line	Minato
Shin-Yokohama	新 横 浜	25.5	Yokohama Line , Yokohama Subway	Yokohama	Kanagawa Prefecture
Odawara	小田原	76.7	Tōkaidō main line , Odakyū Odawara line	Odawara
Atami	熱 海	95.4	Tōkaidō main line , Itō line	Atami	Shizuoka Prefecture
Mishima	三島	111.3	Main Tōkaidō line	Mishima
Shin-Fuji	新 富士	135.0		Fuji
Shizuoka	静岡	167.4	Main Tōkaidō line	Shizuoka
Kakegawa	掛 川	211.3	Main Tōkaidō line	Kakegawa
Hamamatsu	浜 松	238.9	Main Tōkaidō line	Hamamatsu
Toyohashi	豊 橋	274.2	Main Tōkaidō Line , Iida Line	Toyohashi	Aichi prefecture
Mikawa-Anjō	三河 安 城	312.8	Main Tōkaidō line	Anjō
Nagoya	名古屋	342.0	Tōkaidō main line , Chūō main line , Kansai main line	Nagoya
Gifu Hashima	岐阜 羽 島	367.1		Hashima	Gifu Prefecture
Maibara	米 原	408.2	Tōkaidō main line , Hokuriku main line	Maibara	Shiga prefecture
Kyoto	京都	476.3	Tōkaidō Main Line , Sanin Main Line , Kosei Line , Nara Line	Kyoto	Kyoto Prefecture
Shin-Osaka	新 大阪	515.4	Tōkaidō Main Line , Takarazuka Line	Osaka	Osaka prefecture

Web links

Commons : Tōkaidō-Shinkansen  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ^ John Glover: Global insights into high speed rail . In: Modern Railways . Vol. 66, No. 734, 2009, ISSN  0026-8356 , pp. 64-69.
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Moshe Givoni: Development and Impact of the Modern High Speed Train: A Review . In: Transport Reviews . 26, No. 5, Jahr, ISSN  0144-1647 , pp. 593-611
3. ↑ ^{a b c} Announcement 25 years of Shinkansen . In: Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau , 38 (1989), issue 12, p. 790 f.
4. ^ ^{A b} Maintaining a high-speed railroad . In: Die Bundesbahn , year 45 (1971), issue 15, ISSN  0007-5876 , p. 755
5. ↑ Announcement New train service between Tokyo and Osaka . In: Railway technical review . 41, No. 6, 1992, p. 355 f.
6. ↑ ^{a b c} Sven Andersen: Denser rhythm and faster connections in Japan . In: Eisenbahn-Revue International , May 2009 edition, ISSN  1421-2811 , pp. 258–260
7. ↑ Tokaido Shinkansen Sets an Outstanding Record - An Average Delay of 0.1 Minutes per Train for FY2003 -. (No longer available online.) JR Central, April 8, 2004, archived from the original on August 25, 2009 ; Retrieved October 23, 2009 (Japanese). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.