Yokohama

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Yokohama-shi
横 浜 市
Yokohama
Geographical location in Japan
Yokohama (Japan)
Red pog.svg
Region : Kanto
Prefecture : Kanagawa
Coordinates : 35 ° 27 '  N , 139 ° 38'  E Coordinates: 35 ° 26 '37 "  N , 139 ° 38' 17"  E
Height : 24.39 m
Basic data
Surface: 434.98 km²
Residents : 3,748,781
(October 1, 2019)
Population density : 8618 inhabitants per km²
Community key : 14100-3
Postal code area : 221-0001-221-0866
Symbols
Flag / coat of arms:
Flag / coat of arms of Yokohama
Tree : Camellia japonica , Camellia sasanqua , Ginkgo , Japanese Zelkove , Shii-Castanopsis , Viburnum awabuki
Flower : rose
town hall
Address : Yokohama City Hall
1 - 1 , Minato-chō
Naka-ku , Yokohama -shi
Kanagawa  231-0017
Website URL: http://www.city.yokohama.jp/
Location of Yokohamas in Kanagawa Prefecture
Location of Yokohama in the prefecture

Yokohama ( Japanese 横 浜 市 , - shi ) is a designated city and administrative seat of the Japanese prefecture of Kanagawa, as well as an important industrial and commercial city. Yokohama is part of the metropolitan area of ​​Tokyo . It is - after Tokyo - the second largest city in Japan and thus the largest municipality in the country.

geography

Yokohama is located on the western side of Tokyo Bay and has an important trading port.

climate

The average annual temperature in 2017 was 16.3 ° C (35.1 to −1.2 ° C).
The sun shone 2174.6 hours this year (90.6 days).
2017 fell 1628.5 mm of precipitation.

history

Until the opening of the seaport in 1859, there was a fishing village at this place. When in 1853 the US commodore Matthew Perry landed with his fleet of nine steamships in the Bay of Edo (today: Bay of Tokyo; before the later Yokohama), he forced Japan, which had been almost completely isolated up to that point, to open up. This made the place a central hub for international trade.

The geographical location (about 30 km south of Tokyo) made it appear to the Shogun as an ideal place for a settlement of foreigners. The first isolated settlement for foreigners called The Bluff was built on an island . British, American and Dutch garrisons were formed at the same time. At the beginning, individual foreign consulates were housed in temples.

In the following years, buildings were built here for the branches of foreign companies, which still characterize the cityscape in the port area. In the Meiji period , the trade and production of silk was an important industry. In 1872 Japan's first railroad ran between Tokyo and Yokohama. On April 1, 1889, Yokohama received the status of a large city ( shi ) when modern local authorities were introduced .

In 1923, the city, like neighboring Tokyo, was badly damaged by the Great Kanto earthquake . In 1942 the population exceeded the million mark.

During the Second World War , the city was bombed twice with napalm bombs by the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) in April 1945 and May 1945 . The attacks destroyed around 57% of the urban area, leaving 4,832 dead and 17,967 injured. The attacks were 22 km 2 of the city burned down. (see air raids on Tokyo )

In 2002, Yokohama hosted the final of the soccer World Cup between Brazil and Germany .

Politics and administration

Political groups in the Yokohama City Council
(as of May 7, 2019)
     
A total of 86 seats

The former manager Fumiko Hayashi has been the mayor of Yokohama since 2009 . She was re-elected for a third term in 2017 with LDP-Kōmeitō support against the former Democratic lower house deputy and mayor of the neighboring city Zushi Kazuyoshi Nagashima and the CPJ- LP-supported former city councilor Hirotaka Itō. Voter turnout recovered from the record low in 2013 by eight percentage points to 37%.

The Yokohama City Council ( Yokohama-shikai , 横 浜 市 会 , as in the Empire) has 86 members who are elected for four years by non-transferable individual votes - as in all Japanese communities . The 18 districts serve as constituencies. In the last election in April 2019 , the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) emerged as the strongest party with 33 seats.

The 18 districts of the city of Yokohama, which act as constituencies, elect 41 of the total of 105 members of the parliament of the Kanagawa Prefecture.

The city ​​directly elects eight members to the lower house of the national parliament in the constituencies Kanagawa 1 to 8, with constituency 4 also extending to the south-western suburbs of Yokohama. In the 2017 general election , five seats went to Liberal Democrats, including two cabinet secretariat chief Yoshihide Suga in the Kanagawa constituency, Kanagawa 4 and 6 to Constitutional Democrats and 8 to Kenji Eda from the Democratic Progressive Party (without a party nomination, now part of the KDP parliamentary group).

City structure

As one of the original "six major cities" (roku daitoshi) of the empire, Yokohama has been divided into districts ( ku ) since 1927 . In 1956 the city of Yokohama was one of the first five "major cities by government decree" .

Originally in 1927 it was the five districts of Isogoku-ku, Hodogaya-ku, Naka-ku, Kanagawa-ku and Tsurumi-ku. In 1939 two new ones were added (Kōhoku-ku and Totsuka-ku). A new district was added in each of the years 1943, 1944 and 1948. In 1969 there were already 14 districts. In 1986 there were two more districts. Finally, on November 6, 1994, Aoba-ku and Tsuzuki-ku became the last two new districts.

The table below gives an overview of the current 18 boroughs of Yokohama.

Districts of Yokohama
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14th
15th
16
17th
18th
The boroughs of Yokohama
the two-digit number is part of the JIS code ( 141 .. ) s. Table on the left
code
 Surname Area (in km²) population Population
density (inh / km²) 3
Rōmaji Kanji 10/01/2017 02/01/2019 10/01/2015
14101 Tsurumi-ku 鶴 見 区 32.38 291,224 285.356 8993.95
14102 Kanagawa-ku 神奈川 区 23.59 243.187 238.966 10,308.90
14103 Nishi-ku 西区 6.98 102,456 98,532 14,678.51
14104 Naka-ku 中 区 21.07 149.124 148.312 7077.55
14105 Minami-ku 南 区 12.63 195.284 194,827 15,461.92
14106 Hodogaya-ku 保 土 ケ 谷 区 21.81 205,436 205,493 9419.35
14107 Isogo-ku 磯 子 区 19.02 166,591 166.229 8758.73
14108 Kanazawa-ku 金 沢 区 30.68 198,899 202.229 6483.02
14109 Kōhoku-ku 港 北区 31.37 351,403 344.172 11,201.88
14110 Totsuka-ku 戸 塚 区 35.70 279.199 275.283 7820.70
14111 Konan-ku 港 南 区 19.86 213,846 215.736 10,767.67
14112 Asahi-ku 旭 区 32.78 245,609 247.144 7492.65
14113 Midori-ku 緑 区 25.42 181,516 180.366 7140.68
14114 Seya-ku 瀬 谷 区 17.11 122,581 124,560 7164.29
14115 Sakae-ku 栄 区 18.55 119,888 122.171 6462.96
14116 Izumi-ku 泉 区 23.56 152.243 154.025 6461.93
14117 Aoba-ku 青葉 区 35.06 309,767 309,692 8835.34
14118 Tsuzuki-ku 都 筑 区 27.88 211,583 211,751 7589.06
14100 Yokohama-shi 横 浜 市 435.43 3,739,836 3,724,844 8588.83

Population development

Data on the day of the census (October 1st)
year surface population Gender
ratio
(100 M =? F) 		Population
density
(inh / km²)
all in all male Female
1920 37.03 422.938 224.046 198,892 112.7 11,421.5
1925 37.03 405,888 214.341 191,547 111.9 10,961.1
1930 133.88 620.306 321.415 298,891 107.5 4633.3
1935 135.63 704.290 360.363 343,927 104.8 5192.7
1940 400.97 968.091 503.199 464,892 108.2 2414.4
1947 400.97 814.379 417.193 397.186 105.0 2031.0
1950 408.66 951.189 480,242 470,947 102.0 2327.6
1955 405.56 1,143,687 579.774 563,913 102.8 2820.0
1960 405.6 1,375,710 700,727 674.983 103.8 3391.8
1965 412.94 1,788,915 927.970 860.945 107.8 4332.1
1970 417.63 2,238,264 1,160,455 1,077,809 107.7 5359.4
1975 421.46 2,621,771 1,349,001 1,272,770 106.0 6220.7
1980 426.72 2,773,674 1,417,015 1,356,659 104.5 6500.0
1985 430.75 2,992,926 1,532,758 1,460,168 105.0 6948.2
1990 435.25 3,220,331 1,651,527 1,568,804 105.3 7398.8
1995 435.89 3,307,136 1,685,332 1,621,804 103.9 7587.1
2000 437.12 3,426,651 1,735,392 1,691,259 102.6 7839.2
2005 437.38 3,579,628 1,803,579 1,776,049 101.6 8184.3
2010 437.38 3,688,773 1,849,767 1,839,006 100.6 8433.8
2015 437.49 3,724,844 1,855,985 1,868,859 99.3 8514.1

Demographic addendum:

  • At the time of the introduction of today's municipal forms on April 1, 1889, the city had 116,193 inhabitants.
  • The proportion of women in the population was always higher than that of men until 2014. As of January 1, 2019, 49.7% of the population (1,858,705 out of 3,740,944) were male.
  • At the beginning of the year, 24.4% of the population were older than 65 years, 1545 people were 100 years or older.
  • The average age in the city was 45.8 years, with women 2.4 years higher than men (44.6 / 47.0). The fluctuations within the individual city districts were slight (42.2 / 48.2).
  • At the end of January 2019, 97,875 foreigners were living in the city, i.e. 2.6% of the population. Mostly Chinese (39,475), Koreans (12,868), Filipinos (8209) and Vietnamese (7058). With only 781, Germany was in 15th place in the foreigner statistics. Most of the foreigners lived in the districts of Naka (16,836), Tsurumi (12,971) and Minami (10,404).

traffic

Streets

railroad

There are 161 railroad stations in the city, including 39 on the Municipal Subway.

Yokohama Railway Station

Shin-Yokohama Railway Station

Other railway lines

Furthermore, 1270 bus stops are served in the city area.

Town twinning

Neighboring cities and communities

Culture and sights

Yokohama in the 1880s
Sankei-en-Park
Chinatown
Yokohama Landmark Tower
Cupnoodles Museum

Museums

There are 42 museums in the city area

  • Silk Museum: production and processing of silk; with lots of clothes.
  • Yokohama Archives of History: On the development of the port and city, especially the arrival of Perry.
  • Cupnoodles Museum ( Momofuku Andō Instant Ramen Museum): The interactive museum deals with the invention of the Japanese instant noodle soup on several floors. In one department, original soup kitchens from eight countries are set up, where you can try the culture-specific noodle soups. The museum is located near Shin-Yokohama Station .
  • Matsuri Museum: This museum is dedicated to the shrine festivals (Japanese Matsuri) taking place in Yokohama.

Excursion destinations

In 2016, 46,017,157 tourists visited the city, 13.1% of whom were overnight guests.

  • Kodomo no kuni: Means "Kinderland". A nice destination to spend an eventful day with the family. Lots of space for walking and playing. There is also a petting zoo.
  • Nogeyama Zoo: One of the few zoos that do not charge entry. It has a large number of animals and a petting zoo where children can play with small animals.
  • Zoorasia: Nice zoo with lots of play options for children. This zoo costs admission, however.
  • Yokohama Hakkeijima Sea Paradise: A large excursion park with an aquarium. Otherwise rides, shops, restaurants, etc.

Sports

education

  • 46,388 children attend the 260 kindergartens.
  • Almost 386,000 students are taught in 351 primary schools.
  • There are 16 universities including Yokohama State University . The number of students is around 83,000.
  • 19 public libraries had 9.5 million loans in 2016.

Other statistics on demographic and social issues

2016:

  • Births per 1000 people: 7.99
  • Deaths per 1,000 people: 8.55
  • Weddings per 1000 people: 5.1
  • Divorces: 1.35
  • Birth rate: 1.35

Life expectancy: men 81.47 and women 87.28 2015 Census data:

  • 1,645,618 households
  • 2.26 people per household
  • 1,673,913 employees (over 15 years).
  • Employment rate: total 60.6% (male 72.4% / female 49.3%)

There are in town ...

  • 2671 parks (with 1829.4 hectares)
  • 134 hospitals with 27,606 beds
  • 606 Social Welfare Institutions
  • 211 old people's homes (for 4566 residents)
  • 8442 doctors, 3280 dentists and 9565 pharmacists

economy

The city has significant commercial enterprises in the shipping , biotechnology , electronics and semiconductor industries .

Banks

Industry

traffic

Personalities

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Statistical Booklet Book of Yokohama 2018 ( Memento of the original from October 16, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; accessed on March 3, 2019. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.city.yokohama.lg.jp
  2. ↑ Yokohama City, Council: MPs by Group , accessed May 22, 2019.
  3. ↑ 横 浜 市長 選 林氏 ３ 選 . In: Mainichi Shimbun . July 31, 2017, accessed March 18, 2018 (Japanese).
  4. ↑ 統一 地方 選 2019 横 浜 市 議 選 各 党 議席 . In: NHK Senkyo Web. April 8, 2019, accessed May 22, 2019 (Japanese).
  5. ↑ Kanagawa Prefecture Parliament: MPs by constituency
  6. ↑ Claus-Jürgen Göpfert: Frankfurt's new partnership: Liaison with Japan's second largest city. In: fr-online.de. March 8, 2011, accessed December 18, 2014 .
  7. ↑ Website of the cultural center

Web links

Commons : Yokohama  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files