Hamamatsu
| Hamamatsu-shi 浜 松 市 |
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| Geographical location in Japan | |||
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| Region : | Chūbu | ||
| Prefecture : | Shizuoka | ||
| Coordinates : | 34 ° 43 ' N , 137 ° 44' E | ||
| Basic data | |||
| Surface: | 1,511.17 km² | ||
| Residents : | 791,770 (October 1, 2019) |
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| Population density : | 524 inhabitants per km² | ||
| Community key : | 22202-0 | ||
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| Flag / coat of arms: |
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| Tree : | jaw | ||
| Flower : | satsuma | ||
| Bird : | Japanese Bush Warbler | ||
| town hall | |||
| Address : |
Hamamatsu City Hall 103 - 2 , Motoshiro-chō Hamamatsu -shi Shizuoka 430-8652 |
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| Website URL: | http://www.city.hamamatsu.shizuoka.jp/ | ||
| Location of Hamamatsu in Shizuoka Prefecture | |||
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Hamamatsu ( Japanese 浜 松 市 , - shi , German "beach pines") is a city in Shizuoka Prefecture on Honshū , the main island of Japan . It is located on the Pacific coast on Lake Hamana and has around 800,000 inhabitants, making it 17th of the largest cities in Japan . Hamamatsu is a major industrial city. Well-known companies in the automotive industry such as Yamaha or Suzuki as well as manufacturers of musical instruments such as Roland have their headquarters here. The area around Hamamatsu has also developed into a research and industrial center for optoelectronics in the last few decades .
geography
Geographical location
Hamamatsu is located on the Pacific coast on the Tōkaidō Shinkansen route between Nagoya and Yokohama . Until 2005 the urban area was bordered by the Tenryū River in the east, the Pacific Ocean in the south and Lake Hamana in the west . While the Hamana Lake is filled with brackish water through a wide access to the sea , the centrally located smaller Sanaru Lake is fed with fresh water. After the expansion of the urban area to the north, it now extends into the Akaishi Mountains , in which the northeast border is located, and the Tenryū River now forms the northwest border , where the Sakuma Dam lies on the border with Aichi Prefecture . The river changes in the lower part of the city district of the same name ( Tenryū-ku ) to the eastern border. On the Pacific coast near Nakatajima ( 中 田島 ) are the Nakatajima sand dunes , the third largest natural sand dunes in Japan.
City structure
In July 2005, as part of a territorial reform, eleven neighboring communities from Enshū (another name for the former Tōtōmi province ) were integrated into the city limits, including the cities of Tenryū and Hamakita in the north with just under 22,600 and 86,500 inhabitants, respectively, and the cities of Inasa (14,500), Mikkabi (16,000) and Hosoe (22,000) to the west; since then the city has around 800,000 inhabitants.
As a "city by government ordinance " ( seirei shitei toshi ), Hamamatsu has been divided into seven districts ( -ku ) since April 1, 2007 . These are:
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Code with check digit |
Surname | Area (in km²) | population | Population density (inh / km²) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rōmaji , translation | Kanji | 01.10.2017 1 | 01.10.2018 2 | 01/10/2015 3 | ||
| 22131-7 | Naka-ku | 中 区 | 44.34 | 235.320 | 237,443 | 5355.05 |
| 22132-5 | Higashi-ku | 東区 | 46.29 | 129,279 | 128,555 | 2777.17 |
| 22133-3 | Nishi-ku | 西区 | 114.71 | 109,691 | 111,353 | 970.73 |
| 22134-1 | Minami-ku | 南 区 | 46.84 | 100,583 | 100,870 | 2153.50 |
| 22135-0 | Kita-ku | 北区 | 295.54 | 93.016 | 93,567 | 316.60 |
| 22136-8 | Hamakita-ku | 浜 北区 | 66.50 | 98.106 | 95,900 | 1442.11 |
| 22137-6 | Tenryu-ku | 天 竜 区 | 943.84 | 28,030 | 30,292 | 32.09 |
| 22130-9 | Hamamatsu-shi | 浜 松 市 | 1558.06 | 794.025 | 797.980 | 512.16 |
population
When Hamamatsu received city status in 1911, there were just about 37,000 people living there. 17 years later the population had risen to 100,000 in 1928. After a slight decline at the end of the Second World War, growth continued rapidly, and in 1957 there were already 300,000 people in the city. In 1982 the mark of half a million inhabitants was exceeded. At the time of the regional reform in 2005, the number was around 600,000 and increased to 800,000 through the incorporation.
| year | 1911 | 1928 | 1945 | 1954 | 1957 | 1982 | 2003 | 2005 |
| Residents | 37,000 | 100,000 | 81,000 | 200,000 | 300,000 | 500,000 | 600,000 | 800,000 |
The number of foreign residents is around 29,000, which corresponds to a share of 3.5%. Brazilian immigrants make up the majority, 16,000, and Hamamatsu has the largest number of Brazilian residents in the country. Parts of the city's web presence are also offered in Portuguese .
climate
Hamamatsu has a warm, temperate climate . Summers are hot and humid, with most rainfall in June and July during the Japanese rainy season, Tsuyu . In autumn there is a second, weaker rainy season, which is characterized by numerous tropical cyclones in September . These typhoons , which form over the Pacific , cause heavy rainfall and winds, which can severely restrict public life. The Category 4 typhoon Roke ( Onyok ) reached maximum wind speeds of 260 km / h in 2011, before it hit the mainland near Hamamatsu one day later on September 21. Winters are dry with little snowfall, but a strong dry wind ( Karakkaze ) blows from the northwest at this time of the year .
The average annual temperature is 15.4 ° C and the average annual rainfall is 1,873 millimeters. The warmest month is August with an average of 26.5 ° C, the coldest is January with an average of 4.9 ° C. Most of the precipitation falls in June with an average of 267 millimeters, the least in December and January with an average of 52 millimeters each.
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Monthly average temperatures and rainfall for Hamamatsu
Source: mappedplanet.com
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history
Status as a county-level city ( shi received) Hamamatsu officially on 1 July 1911. However, already in 1570 the first Shogun and founder of the Tokugawa shogunate Tokugawa Ieyasu the Castle Hamamatsu built as a military and political center. Recent history is characterized by the following milestones:
- 1871: With the abolition of the feudal fiefdom , Hamamatsu becomes the seat of the prefecture of the same name .
- 1876: Hamamatsu Prefecture is abandoned and incorporated into Shizuoka Prefecture.
- 1878: Hamamatsu-Takamachi becomes the seat of the Fuchi County Government
- 1889: The town of ( machi ) Hamamatsu , which belongs to the district, is created during the modernization of the municipal regulations
- 1911: Hamamatsu becomes an independent city ( shi ).
- 1912: The Hamamatsu Railway Company establishes a factory and starts production (today: JR Tokai Hamamatsu Factory).
- 1925: The 7th Air Squadron is stationed in Hamamatsu on the area still in use today
- 1945: Large parts of the city burn during the Allied air raids in June.
- 1964: Just in time for the Olympic Games in Tokyo , the long-distance station for the Tōkaidō Shinkansen opens.
- 1969: The Tōmei Highway opens to traffic.
- 2005: On July 1st, eleven neighboring communities are incorporated into the urban area.
- 2007: On April 1st, it became a city by government decree .
Politics and administration
Since 2007, Yasutomo Suzuki has been mayor of Hamamatsu, who was re-elected for a fourth term in the 2019 unanimous election with around 55% of the votes against the LDP- backed Ryōtarō Yamamoto and the CPJ- backed Masaji Nozawa; in the early 2000s he was a member of the national parliament for the Democratic Party (DPJ).
In the 46-member Hamamatsu City Council ( Hamamatsu-shigikai ), MPs without party nominations made up the majority in the (also unified) election in 2019. The strongest faction is that of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP).
The districts of Hamamatsu send 15 members to the 69-member prefectural parliament of Shizuoka ( Shizuoka-kengikai ), including eight in the LDP parliamentary group and six in the ex-democratic parliamentary group Fuji no kuni as well as after the 2019 election (as of May 7, 2019) a non-attached. In four of the constituencies / boroughs of Hamamatsu there was no vote in 2019 due to a lack of opposing candidates.
In elections to the national lower house , Hamamatsu extends into three constituencies (Shizuoka 3, 7 and 8) , which have been represented by three Liberal Democrats since 2012 and also after the 2017 election .
Sights and folk festivals
ACT City
The ACT City Hamamatsu ( ア ク ト シ テ ィ 浜 松 ) is a building complex in the city center - located directly at the main train station - with the ACT Tower as the central element and landmark of the city. With its 45 floors and 213 meters high, it is the only skyscraper in Hamamatsu and the highest in the Tōkai region . The ACT Tower was completed in 1994 and, with its shape based on a harmonica, is intended to express the city's connection to music and musical instruments. The upper floors accommodate a hotel with 324 rooms ( Okura ACT City Hotel ) and a viewing platform on the top floor. The building complex also includes a concert hall specially designed for classical music, a multi-purpose hall with over 2,300 seats as well as an exhibition hall and a congress center . Furthermore, the only public music museum in Japan is located here, in which over 1300 musical instruments from all parts of the world are exhibited; including an original harpsichord from the 18th century, built by François-Étienne Blanchet .
Ryugashi cave
The Ryugashi Cave ( 竜 ヶ 岩洞 Ryugashi-do ) is located in the Kita-ku district three kilometers from the north bank of Lake Hamana, on the southern slope of the mountain of the same name Ryugashi (359 m). It is a one kilometer long and 250 million year old stalactite cave , which was first opened and explored in 1981 and opened to the public in 1983. The temperature in the cave is 18 ° C all year round and today it can be visited by tourists over a length of 400 m; In the cave there is a 30 m high waterfall.
Chopin monument
In Hamamatsu there is a monument to the Polish composer Frédéric Chopin . The monument is a 1: 1 scale copy. The original is in Warsaw's Łazienki Park .
Matsuri
In Hamamatsu, as everywhere in Japan, several of the typical Japanese folk festivals take place every year, the so-called Matsuri , which differ from region to region and are mostly related to the local Shinto shrine or Buddhist temple or are based on other historical traditions.
Hamamatsu Matsuri
The Hamamatsu-Matsuri ( 浜 松 祭 り ) takes place from May 3rd to 5th , which attracts around two million visitors annually. The main attraction is kite flying from hand-made kites, which have an area of up to 10 m² and must be held in the wind by several men with thick ropes. The kites consist only of the traditional building materials bamboo and paper as well as fiber ropes. The over 150 districts ( 町 ) compete against each other in a sporting competition in the immediate vicinity of the large Nakatajima sand dunes and the kites are pulled into the sky to the sound of trumpets. In addition to many small district festivals, the districts present their magnificent floats in a large parade in the city center on the last evening, which are outwardly similar to the German traditional costume parades. Dressed in simple hard skirts, the participants from each district put on their uniforms and head towards the city center with drums and trumpets. The splendid wagons are decorated with many ornate wood carvings and gold coverings and look like a mobile temple.
The Matsuri probably goes back to the 400-year-old tradition when the ruler of Hamamatsu at the time raised a kite to celebrate the birth of his firstborn son. The first historical documentations about the kite competitions do not date from the end of the 18th century and the parade of the floats goes back to the tradition of the festive reception of the competitors returning to the city.
Hamakita Hiryu Matsuri
The Hamakita Hiryū Matsuri ( 浜 北 飛龍 ま つ り ) takes place on the first weekend in June in the former town of Hamakita (today in the Hamakita-ku district of the same name ). It is celebrated in honor of Ryūjin , the dragon god of the Tenryū River , who winds through the district like a Japanese dragon. Events include kite flying ( Hamakita Takoage ) and a market for local specialties during the day and the kite fire festival ( Hiryū Himatsuri ) in the evening .
Industry and Commerce
Hamamatsu is a major industrial city. In addition to companies in the automotive industry ( Yamaha , Honda , Suzuki ), well-known manufacturers of musical instruments ( Roland , Yamaha , Kawai , Tokai Guitars ) have their roots here and still have their headquarters or larger factories in the city today; there are also companies in the textile and clothing industry , the chemical industry and the food industry . Furthermore, with Hamamatsu Photonics, a leading high-technology company has its origins and main production sites in Hamamatsu.
As a result of globalization , many companies in the region have relocated their production abroad for cost reasons since the 1990s, which led to an increasing decline in industrial production. Since the beginning of the 2000s, the state government of Shizuoka Prefecture has been trying to support local research institutions, universities and companies with the establishment of the Shizuoka Triangle Research Cluster and, through their cooperation, technology centers in the fields of medicine / pharmacology ( Pharma Valley ), the food industry ( Food Science Hill ) and optics / Electronics ( Photon Valley ). The so-called Photon Valley includes the western region of Shizuoka around Hamamatsu with its universities and high-tech companies in the field of optoelectronics . Contacts are also maintained with research and industrial locations in this area in Germany - especially in the region around Jena (such as Jenoptik or the Institute for Photonic Technologies ).
education
There are several state and private universities in Hamamatsu. Shizuoka University's engineering and computer science faculties are located on the Hamamatsu campus. This was founded in 1949 from a merger of several state schools, including the Hamamatsu Technical Center founded in 1922 , known for research on television by Takayanagi Kenjirō . In 1974 the state was Hamamatsu University School of Medicine ( 浜松医科大学 Hamamatsu Ika Daigaku ), founded in 1988, the private Tokoha Gakuen Hamamatsu University ( 常葉学園浜松大学 Tokoha Gakuen Hamamatsu Daigaku ) and 2002 Seirei Christopher University ( 聖隷クリストファー大学 Seirei Kurisutofa Daigaku ) and in 2004 the Hamamatsu Gakuin University ( 浜 松 学院 大学 Hamamatsu Gakuin Daigaku ).
traffic
Hamamatsu was during the Edo period on the important post and trade route Tōkaidō and was a post office ( 宿 場 町 Shukuba-machi ). The National Road 1 , which connects Shizuoka with Nagoya and mainly runs along the old Tōkaidō, also runs through the city today and Hamamatsu is still an important traffic junction on the Tōkaidō main line .
Local and long-distance public transport
The city has a Shinkansen -Stop at JR - Station Hamamatsu , in which also express trains of the type Hikari hold that only require just for the trip to Tokyo and Osaka over 1.5 hours driving time. Also, all Kodama Shinkansen stop . For local public transport, a bus system from the Enshū Tetsudō transport company is mainly used, which is served in a star shape from the central bus terminal at the main train station and particularly covers the original urban area of Hamamatsu. The single-track Enshū railway line ( 鉄 道 線 Tetsudō-sen ), also called Akaden (“Red Train”), serves to connect the Hamakita district in the north . This runs from Shin-Hamamatsu station in the south to Nishi-Kajima station in the Tenryū district (northeastern border of Hamakita), where the single-track Tenryū-Hamanako line ( 天 竜 浜 名 湖 線Tenryū Hamanako-sen ) also runs between the cities of Kakegawa and Kosai ) passes by. This runs from there through the districts of Hamakita and Kita, past the north shore of Lake Hamana and Inohana.
Road traffic
In addition to national road 1, other national roads run through Hamamatsu (see table). In addition, the city has two interchanges on the Tōmei toll highway , which connects Tokyo with Nagoya. The Shin-Tōmei-Autobahn , which is under construction and partly opened in Hamamatsu in 2012, runs further inland parallel to the old Tōmei-Autobahn and should relieve it in the future.
| Street | History in Japan (length) | Course in Hamamatsu |
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 National road 1
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Most important east-west road between Tokyo and Osaka (565 km). | Coming from Iwata , it crosses the Minami and Nishi districts and then leads to Kosai ; runs mainly along the coast; cross the exit of Lake Hamana with the Hamana Bridge . |
 National road 42
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Connects Hamamatsu to Wakayama City (505 km). | Branches off National Road 1 to the west behind Lake Hamana. |
 National road 150
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Connects Hamamatsu to Shizuoka City (102 km). | Branches off National Road 1 in the east of Minami District and is the southern route to Shizuoka (northern along 362). |
 National Road 152
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Connects Hamamatsu to the city of Ueda (252 km). | Branching off from National Road 1 to the east, it first runs into the city center, then to the north parallel to the Enshū railway line through Hamakita and on through the Tenryū district to the northern city limits. |
 National Road 257
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Connects Hamamatsu to Takayama City (542 km). | In the middle of the coast, branching off national road 1 (Nishi), it then runs through the districts of Naka and Kita to the western city limits. |
 National road 301
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Connects the cities of Kosai and Toyota (100 km). | Coming from Kosai, it runs in the western tip of the Kita district along the west coast of Lake Inohana, which lies directly above Lake Hamana . |
 National road 362
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Connects the cities of Shizuoka and Toyokawa (157 km). | Coming from the east in the lower part of the Tenryū urban district, it runs west through Kita, past the northern coast of Lake Inohana (intersects the 301). |
 National Road 473
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Connects the cities of Makinohara and Gamagōri (248 km). | In the urban area of Hamamatsu this national road is the 362 in the east and the 152 in the northwest until shortly before Sakuma in the north of the Tenryu district. |
Airports
Hamamatsu does not have a civil airport. Until 2005, Nagoya International Airport was the closest. This was replaced by the opening of Chūbu Airport in Aichi Prefecture, which is 87 km west of Hamamatsu. Shizuoka National Airport to the east is 43 km away and opened in 2009.
Sports
The Hamamatsu Arena , which can seat 8,000 people, is located in the Higashi-ku district . The multi-purpose hall was opened in 1990 and is the home arena for the Hamamatsu Higashimikawa Phoenix ( bj league ) basketball team . Among other things, some of the preliminary round games of the Basketball World Cup 2006 were played here.
The Honda Miyakoda football stadium (capacity 4,000 spectators) of the Honda FC , which has played in the Japan Football League since 1999, is located in the Kita-ku district .
Hamamatsu is also home to the Suzuki Hamatmatsu Athlete Club , which was founded on April 1, 2010. This club or its forerunner, the Suzuki Athletics Club , has produced some internationally successful athletes, such as: B. the long jumper Kumiko Imura .
military
In World War II, Hamamatsu was a military base . Even today there is still a large military area in the north-west of the city, the v. a. dominated by the air base and its airport. F14 and F15 jets can be seen in the sky almost every morning.
City of music
Hamamatsu is nicknamed the "City of Music". In addition to the Kawai, Roland and Yamaha parent plants for pianos, grand pianos and keyboards, Hamamatsu also has a major music college, a well-known orchestra with its own concert hall (the Music Hall in the ACT City office and hotel complex ) and an extensive collection of instruments Centuries, which can be seen in the local music museum.
The Hamamatsu International Piano Competition has been held every three years since 1991 and is attended by young pianists from all over the world. In 2000, for example, the Russian pianist Alexander Kobrin won the second prize .
sons and daughters of the town
- Hiroshi Amano (* 1960), physicist, Nobel Prize winner
- Takuma Aoshima (* 1993), soccer player
- Barasui (* 1980), Mangaka
- Hironoshin Furuhashi , swimmer
- Sōichirō Honda (1906–1991), entrepreneur
- Tatsuhiko Itō (* 1998), long-distance runner
- Yasuhide Itō (* 1960), composer, conductor and pianist
- Keisuke Kinoshita (1912–1998), film director and screenwriter
- Takaaki Kinoshita (* 1993), football player
- Shimizu Hiroshi (1903-1966), director
- Kō Matsubara (* 1996), football player
- Yoshika Matsubara (* 1974), football player
- Takuya Matsuura (* 1988), football player
- Kiiti Morita (1915–1995), mathematician
- Seiya Nakano (* 1995), football player
- Ayumi Niekawa (* 1994), football player
- Yūki Oshitani (* 1989), football player
- Maito Santos (* 1992), football player
- Gorō Shimura (1930–2019), mathematician
- Ryū Shionoya (born 1950), politician
- Kōji Suzuki (* 1957), writer
- Kotomi Takahata (* 1989), tennis player
- Ryō Takeuchi (* 1991), football player
- Sakamoto Tarō (1901–1987), historian
- Hiromi Uehara (* 1979), jazz pianist
- Hiroki Yamada (* 1988), football player
- Kishō Yano (* 1984), football player
- Tomoko Yoshida (* 1934), writer
Neighboring cities and communities
Web links
- Official city website in Japanese, English and Portuguese .
- Museum of Musical Instruments
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Official website of the city: Demographic Profile - Natural environment and Population. ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. City of Hamamatsu 2007, accessed June 2, 2013.
- ^ Pradyumna Prasad Karan: Japan in the 21st Century: Environment, Economy, and Society. Univ. Press of Kentucky, 2005, ISBN 0-8131-2342-9 , pp. 18-22.
- ↑ Hamamatsu City, Parliament: Members by political group , accessed on May 21, 2019.
- ↑ NHK Senkyo Web, Results of the 2019 Unified Elections, Parliamentary Elections in Designated Cities, Hamamatsu: Winner by Party , accessed on May 21, 2019.
- ↑ Shizuoka Prefecture, Parliament: MPs by Constituency and Faction , accessed May 21, 2019
- ↑ NHK Senkyo Web, Results of the 2019 Unified Elections, Prefectural Parliament Elections , Shizuoka: Election winners by party (and list of links to the individual results in the constituencies) , accessed on May 21, 2019.
- ^ Act Tower. emporis.com - building data and construction projects worldwide, accessed on June 12, 2012.
- ^ ACT City Hamamatsu. JapanGuides.net; Facility Guide. ACT City Hamamatsu; each accessed on June 12, 2012.
- ↑ Hamamatsu Musical Instrument Museum. ( Memento of the original from June 30, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. INHAMAMATSU.COM, accessed June 12, 2012.
- ↑ Official flyer Ryugashi-do. www.doukutu.co.jp (PDF, in Japanese and English; 1.6 MB); Ryugashi Cave (Ryugashi-do Cavern) and Museum. www.japanguides.net; each accessed on June 8, 2013.
- ↑ a b Hamamatsu Festival, May 3rd - 5th in Hamamatsu. ( Memento of the original from June 16, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. PDF file in English from the Hamamatsu-Matsuri official website (in Japanese); Hamamatsu Festival. Japan National Tourism Organization (JNTO); each accessed on June 9, 2013.
- ↑ Enshu Hamakita Hiryu Matsuri, Hamamatsu City (Hamamatsu-shi). Shizuoka Summer Festivals, JapanGuides.net; Enshu Hamakita Hiryu Festival. ( Memento of the original from August 2, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Shizuoka Guide, Shizuoka Prefectural Tourist Association; each accessed on June 10, 2013.
- ^ Shizuoka Triangle Research Cluster. Triangle Research Cluster Development, Shizuoka Prefecture (accessed June 1, 2013).
- ↑ Susanne Liedtke: High-ranking visit from the Japanese "Photon Valley" at the IPHT. idw - Informationsdienst Wissenschaft e. V., November 12, 2007 (accessed June 1, 2013).
- ^ Anecdotal Survey of Regional Clusters in Japan (Sapporo, Hamamatsu, Kobe and Kitakyushu). ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. JETRO - Japanese Economy Division, Economic Research Department, June 2004 (PDF, accessed June 1, 2013; 855 kB).
- ^ A critical role for the Shin-Tomei. The Japan Times , April 18, 2012, accessed June 14, 2013.
- ↑ Hamamatsu Higashimikawa Phoenix. Official Web Site (in Japanese), accessed July 3, 2013.
- ↑ Honda FC. Official Web Site (in Japanese), accessed July 3, 2013.
Independent cities ( shi ): Atami | Fuji | Fujieda | Fujinomiya | Fukuroi | Gotemba | Hamamatsu | Itō | Iwata | Izu | Izunokuni | Kakegawa | Kikugawa | Kosai | Makinohara | Mishima | Numazu | Omaezaki | Shimada | Shimoda | Shizuoka (administrative headquarters) | Susono | Yaizu
Haibara-gun : Kawanehon | Yoshida | Kamo-gun : Higashiizu | Kawazu | Matsuzaki | Minamiizu | Nishiizu | Shūchi-gun : Mori | Suntō-gun : Nagaizumi | Oyama | Shimizu | Tagata-gun : Kannami