Hokuriku Shinkansen
/ Hokuriku Shinkansen | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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W7 series train between Shin-Takaoka and Kanazawa stations
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Route length: | 375.4 (another 121 km under construction) km | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Power system : | 25 kV 50/60 Hz ~ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Top speed: | 260 km / h | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The Hokuriku Shinkansen ( Japanese 北 陸 新 幹線 ) is a Japanese high-speed line between Takasaki and Osaka that has been in operation in parts since 1997 . The first completed section of the Hokuriku Shinkansen ran between Tokyo and Nagano and was therefore also known as the Nagano Shinkansen (Japanese 長野 新 幹線 ). Since March 2015 trains have been running continuously via Nagano and Toyama to Kanazawa . Another connection via Fukui to Tsuruga is under construction and is expected to open in 2022. The subsequent construction phase via Obama to Osaka is expected to be completed by 2030.
Between Tokyo and Jōetsumyōkō the line of JR Higashi-Nihon ( Engl. JR East ) and from Jōetsumyōkō to Osaka by the JR Nishi-Nihon (Engl. JR West ) is operated.
history
The construction of the Hokuriku Shinkansen was decided in 1973 in the Nationwide Shinkansen Railway Development Act (English translation of Zenkoku shinkansen tetsudō seibi-hō ). This law decided to build five more Shinkansen routes, including the Hokkaidō Shinkansen , the extension of the Tōhoku Shinkansen and both stages of the Kyūshū Shinkansen . After the privatization of the Japanese State Railways in 1987, the then government decided that the construction of the Hokuriku Shinkansen between Takasaki and Kanazawa should be a priority. After Nagano was chosen as the venue for the 1998 Winter Olympics in 1991 , this first expansion stage of the Hokuriku Shinkansen was again divided into two sections: The first section between Takasaki and Nagano was completed on time for the Olympic Games in 1997 and has been known as Nagano ever since -Shinkansen operated. The E2 series was developed for the Nagano Shinkansen and has been in use ever since. For the Olympic Games, some courses of the Asama connection were operated with the F80 series 200 set specially converted for this purpose .
With the opening of the first construction phase, the travel time between Tokyo and Nagano has been reduced from around 2 hours 50 minutes to up to 79 minutes (depending on the number of stops on the respective connection) compared to the connections previously offered on the Shin'etsu main line . With the opening of the Nagano Shinkansen, the Shin'etsu main line between Yokokawa and Karuizawa was shut down; the section between Nagano and Karuizawa later took over the Shinano-Tetsudō .
In the spring of 1998 the Japanese government decided to extend the route from Nagano to Jōetsu , in 2002 the approval of the financing for the construction to Toyama and in 2005 the construction to Kanazawa was decided.
The construction of the second construction phase between Nagano and Kanazawa was completed with the ceremonial tightening of the last rail screw at Toyama Station on May 24, 2014. Individual sections have already been built in the course of the construction of the Nagano Shinkansen, but a decisive milestone was the completion of the 22.2 km long Iiyama Tunnel in 2007. It was fully commissioned on March 14, 2015.
links
As with the majority of the Shinkansen routes, most of the services offered to Tokyo are tied through . In the case of the Hokuriku Shinkansen, the trains run from Takasaki via the Jōetsu and Tōhoku Shinkansen to Tokyo Station . The oldest connection of the Hokuriku Shinkansen is the Asama connection (あ さ ま, dt. " Asama Volcano "), which has been offered since the opening of the first section from Tokyo to Nagano, now known as the "Nagano Shinkansen".
On October 10, 2013, JR East and JR West announced that after completion of the second construction phase, in addition to the 16 pairs of trains per day of the Asama connection, the following three further connections will be offered on the Hokuriku Shinkansen:
- Kagayaki (か が や き, dt. "Shine"): Express connection between Tokyo and Kanazawa; 10 pairs of trains per day; Travel time 2 hours 28 minutes
- Hakutaka (は く た か, dt. " Night Falcon "): Connection between Tokyo and Kanazawa, which stops at all train stations; 14 pairs of trains per day
- Tsurugi (つ る ぎ, Eng. "Mountain Turugi-Dake"): Shuttle connection between Toyama and Kanazawa .; 18 train pairs per day; Travel time 23 minutes
Vehicle use
For the opening of the first construction phase (“Nagano Shinkansen”), new E2 series vehicles , consisting of eight cars per set, were procured. This was specially developed for the requirements of the mountainous and snowy route to Nagano. After around 15 years of service, the vehicles have been successively given a general overhaul since the end of 2013 so that they can be used for more years.
Since March 2014, vehicles from the E7 series developed for the second construction phase have also been used on the Asama connection . Since the performance profile of the E7 series corresponds to that of the E2 series, both vehicle types can be used in a mixed manner. Since the opening of the second construction phase to Kanazawa, the new W7 series vehicles purchased by JR West have also been in use. The new multiple units are made up of 12 cars, so that the space capacity increases significantly compared to the E2 series.
Route
Train stations | Japanese | Distance from Takasaki (km) |
Served by (from 2015) | Transfer options | place | |||||
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Asama | Kagayaki | Hakutaka | Tsurugi | |||||||
Tōhoku Shinkansen | ||||||||||
Tokyo | 東京 | −108.6 | ● | ● | ● | | | Tohoku Shinkansen , Akita Shinkansen , Yamagata Shinkansen , Jōetsu Shinkansen , Tōkaidō Shinkansen , Tōkaidō Main Line , Keihin-Tohoku Line , Yamanote Line , Keiyō Line , Sōbu Main Line , Yokosuka Line , Chūō Main Line , Tōkyō Metro : Marunouchi Line | Chiyoda | Tokyo prefecture | |
Ueno | 上 野 | −105.0 | ● | ◦ | ● | | | Tōhoku Shinkansen, Akita Shinkansen, Yamagata Shinkansen, Jōetsu Shinkansen, Tōhoku Main Line, Takasaki Line , Jōban Line , Keihin-Tōhoku Line, Yamanote Line, Tōkyō Metro: Ginza Line | Taitō | ||
Jōetsu Shinkansen | ||||||||||
Ōmiya | 大 宮 | −77.3 | ● | ● | ● | | | Tōhoku Shinkansen, Akita Shinkansen, Yamagata Shinkansen, Jōetsu Shinkansen, Tōhoku Main Line, Takasaki Line, Keihin-Tōhoku Line, Saikyō Line , Tōbu Tetsudō : Tōbu-Noda Line | Saitama | Saitama Prefecture | |
Kumagaya | 熊 谷 | −40.7 | ◦ | | | | | | | Jōetsu Shinkansen, Takasaki Line, Chichibu Railway: Chichibu Main Line | Kumagaya | ||
Honjō-Waseda | 本 庄 早 稲 田 | −19.6 | ◦ | | | | | | | Jōetsu Shinkansen | Honjō | ||
Hokuriku Shinkansen, 1st construction phase ("Nagano Shinkansen") | ||||||||||
Takasaki | 高崎 | 0.0 | ● | | | ◦ | | | Jōetsu Shinkansen, Takasaki Line, Jōetsu Line , Shin'etsu Main Line , Ryōmō Line , Hachikō Line | Takasaki | Gunma Prefecture | |
Annaka-Haruna | 安 中 榛 名 | 18.5 | ◦ | | | ◦ | | | Annaka | |||
Karuizawa | 軽 井 沢 | 41.8 | ● | | | ◦ | | | Shinano Tetsudo: Shinano line | Karuizawa | Nagano Prefecture | |
Sakudaira | 佐 久 平 | 59.4 | ● | | | ◦ | | | Koumi line | Saku | ||
Ueda | 上 田 | 84.2 | ● | | | ◦ | | | Shinano Tetsudo: Shinano Line, Ueda Dentetsu: Bessho Line | Ueda | ||
Nagano | 長野 | 117.4 | ● | ● | ● | | | Shin'etsu Main Line, Shinonoi Line , Iiyama Line , Shinano Tetsudo: Shinano Line, Nagano Dentetsu: Nagano Line | Nagano | ||
Hokuriku Shinkansen, 2nd construction phase; Commissioning on March 14, 2015 | ||||||||||
Iiyama | 飯 山 | 147.3 | | | | | ● | | | Iiyama line | Iiyama | Nagano Prefecture | |
Jōetsumyōkō | 上 越 妙 高 | 206.9 | | | | | ● | | | Echigo Tokimeki Tetsudō: Myōkō Haneuma line | Jōetsu | Niigata prefecture | |
Itoigawa | 糸 魚 川 | 243.9 | | | | | ● | | | Hokuriku main line , Ōito line | Itoigawa | ||
Kurobe Unazukionsen | 黒 部 宇 奈 月 温泉 | 283.1 | | | | | ● | | | Toyama Chihō Tetsudō Main Line (new, additional stop at Shinkansen Station) | Kurobe | Toyama prefecture | |
Toyama | 富山 | 316.9 | | | ● | ● | ● | Hokuriku Main Line, Takayama Main Line , Tram Lines | Toyama | ||
Shin-Takaoka | 新 高 岡 | 335.8 | | | | | ● | ● | Jōhana Line (new, additional stop at Shinkansen Station) | Takaoka | ||
Kanazawa | 金 沢 | 375.4 | | | ● | ● | ● | Hokutetsu Asanogawa Line , Hokuriku Main Line | Kanazawa | Ishikawa Prefecture | |
Hokuriku Shinkansen, 3rd construction phase; under construction, commissioning by spring 2022 at the latest | ||||||||||
Komatsu | 小松 | 402.6 | Hokuriku main line | Komatsu | Ishikawa Prefecture | |||||
Kagaonsen | 加 賀 温泉 | 417.2 | Hokuriku main line | Kaga | ||||||
Awaraonsen | 芦 原 温泉 | 433.4 | Hokuriku main line | Awara | Fukui Prefecture | |||||
Fukui | 福井 | 451.4 | Katsuyama Eiheiji Line , Mikuni Awara Line , Fukubu Line , Etsumi Hoku Line , Hokuriku Main Line | Fukui | ||||||
Nan'etsu (planning name) | 南越 | 470.4 | Echizen | |||||||
Tsuruga | 敦 賀 | 496.1 | Hokuriku Main Line, Obama Line | Tsuruga | ||||||
Hokuriku Shinkansen, 4th construction phase; in planning, commissioning by probably spring 2030 | ||||||||||
Obama | 小 浜 | Hokuriku main line | Obama | Fukui Prefecture | ||||||
Kyoto | 京都 | Tōkaidō Shinkansen , Tōkaidō Main Line , San'in Main Line , Kosei Line , Nara Line , Kyoto Subway : Karasuma Line, Kinki Nippon Tetsudō : Kyoto Line | Kyoto | Kyoto Prefecture | ||||||
Matsui-Yamate (planning name) | 松井 山 手 | Katamachi line | Kyōtanabe | |||||||
Shin-Osaka | 新 大阪 | Tōkaidō Shinkansen, Tōkaidō Main Line, Osaka Higashi Line Sanyō Shinkansen , Osaka Subway : Midōsuji Line | Osaka | Osaka prefecture |
Further planning
The final stage of the Hokuriku Shinkansen is to connect Tokyo to Osaka via Toyama . According to the original plans, the section between Kanazawa and Tsuruga should be completed by spring 2026. The Japanese government granted permission to build this section in July 2012. In January 2015, the second Abe cabinet announced that construction would be accelerated and that the opening would take place by 2022. A partial commissioning between Kanazawa and Fukui should take place as early as 2020; the decision on this should be made in summer 2015.
For the section between Tsuruga and Osaka, the route decision was made in December 2016 after several alternatives had been examined to take a tour via Obama and Kyoto as a full-fledged Shinkansen (so-called "Ōbama-Kyōto route" ( 小 浜 ・ 京都 ル ー ト )). Between Kyoto and Osaka it is planned to run the Hokuriku Shinkansen de facto parallel to the existing Tōkaidō Shinkansen in order to avoid capacity bottlenecks on this already extremely busy section of the route.
The alternative tours that were examined, but ultimately rejected, were:
- Wakasa Route ( 若 狭 ル ー ト ): New route over the entire length via Obama and Maizuru . This variant would be the shortest connection to Osaka, but with an estimated construction cost of 1 trillion yen it would also be the most expensive. In addition, the Hokuriku Shinkansen would not connect Kyoto on this route .
- Maibara route ( 米 原 ル ー ト ): New line to Maibara , only about 1/3 of the length of the Wakasa route. With this variant, both Kyoto and Nagoya could be well connected. However, this would increase the travel time to Osaka and the trains of the Hokuriku Shinkansen would have to use the already very busy Tōkaidō Shinkansen between Maibara and Osaka .
- Kosei line option ( 湖西 線 利用 ): With this variant, the Hokuriku Shinkansen trains from Tsuruga would use existing routes of the conventional rail network (especially the Kosei line ). Since this has a cape gauge of 1067 mm in Japan , the currently experimental Kikan Kahen Densha would have to be used here. This variant would be by far the cheapest variant in terms of infrastructure, but the top speed would be reduced to 160 km / h. Due to the need to use trains with re-gauged chassis, the Hokuriku Shinkansen could not serve as an alternative route for the Tōkaidō Shinkansen.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ The Shinkansen Program. In: IIASA Collaborative Proceedings Series. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, 1981, accessed July 31, 2014 .
- ↑ Next shinkansen approved. Railway Gazette, February 1, 1998, accessed July 31, 2014 .
- ↑ Shinkansen programs revived. Railway Gazette, January 1, 2002, accessed July 31, 2014 .
- ↑ Shinkansen construction to be stepped up in 2005-06. Railway Gazette, February 1, 2005, accessed July 31, 2014 .
- ↑ Hokuriku Shinkansen line between Nagano, Kanazawa completed. (No longer available online.) Asahi Shimbun, May 25, 2014, archived from the original on May 28, 2014 ; accessed on July 31, 2014 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Hokuriku Shinkansen Line opens for service, linking Tokyo and Kanazawa. Japan Times, March 14, 2015, accessed March 15, 2015 .
- ↑ Shinkansen in, sleepers out . In: Railway Gazette International . tape 171 , no. 3 , 2015, ISSN 0373-5346 , p. 25 .
- ↑ 北 陸 新 幹線 の 列車 名 の 決定 に つ い て. In: press release. JR East, October 10, 2013; accessed July 31, 2014 (Japanese).
- ↑ Three Shinkansen extensions approved. Railway Gazette, July 19, 2012, accessed July 31, 2014 .
- ↑ Japan to move up opening of new bullet train lines in Hokkaido, Hokuriku. (No longer available online.) Asahi Shimbun, Jan. 9, 2015, archived from the original on Feb. 26, 2015 ; accessed on January 13, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Hokuriku extension route agreed. Railway Gazette, December 23, 2016, accessed May 15, 2017 .
- ↑ The Mainichi Daily News: Gov't considers free-gauge trains for Hokuriku Shinkansen, local line in Kansas (English) ( Memento of February 2, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Kazuki Nishihara, Tomoko Owaki: New Shinkansen sections on right track? (No longer available online.) Yomiuri Shinbum, August 20, 2012, archived from the original on December 5, 2012 ; accessed on July 31, 2014 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.