Kadaň
| Kadaň | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
|
||||
| Region : | Ústecký kraj | ||||
| District : | Chomutov | ||||
| Area : | 6562.3352 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 23 ' N , 13 ° 16' E | ||||
| Height: | 300 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 18,202 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 432 01 | ||||
| License plate : | U | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 10 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Jiří Kulhánek (as of 2018) | ||||
| Address: | Mírové náměstí 1 432 01 Kadaň 1 |
||||
| Municipality number: | 563102 | ||||
| Website : | www.mesto-kadan.cz | ||||
| Location of Kadaň in the Chomutov district | |||||
|
|||||
Kadaň ( German Kaaden , Latin Civitas Cadanensis ) is a city in the Aussiger region in the Czech Republic .
geography
location
Kadaň is located in northern Bohemia , southwest of the district town of Chomutov ( Komotau ) on the bank of the Eger River . The striking Prunéřov power plant is located about 5 kilometers north of the city center, and the Tušimice power plant 5 kilometers east .
City structure
The town of Kadaň consists of the districts Brodce ( Prödlas ), Kadaň ( Kaaden ), Kadaňská Jeseň ( Gosen ), Meziříčí ( Meseritz ), Nová Víska ( Neudörfl ), Pokutice ( Pokatitz ), Prunéřov ( Brunnersdorf ), Tušimice ( Tuschmitz ), and Tušimany ( Atschau ) and Zásada u Rašovic ( Sosau ). Basic settlement units are Brodce, Bystřice ( Wistritz ), Chomutovská, K Bystřici, Kadaň-historické jádro, Kadaňská Jeseň, Kadaň-velkolom, Kostelní Dvůr, Koželužská, Královský vrch, Královský vrch, Meziřezíčí, Naem Vríčí, Naem Víčíčí, Naem Víčnéce Pokutice, Průmyslová zóna Kralovský vrch, Průmyslový obvod, Prunéřov, Prunéřov-elektrárny, Prunéřov-u nádraží, Prunéřov-Velkolom, Sídliště Budovatelů, Slavin, Strážiště, Tušimice, Tušimice-Velkolom, U nemocnice, U Ohře, U škol, Úhošť ( Burberg ), Úhošťany, Zásada u Kadaně and Zlatý vrch. The settlements Nový Prunéřov ( Neubrunnersdorf ) and Pastviny ( pastures ) also belong to Kadaň .
The municipality is divided into the cadastral districts of Bystřice u Kadaně, Kadaň, Pastviny, Pokutice, Prunéřov, Tušimice, Úhošť, Úhošťany and Zásada u Kadaně.
history
The area was already populated by different peoples in the 8th to 13th centuries BC. When Charlemagne tried to conquer Bohemia in 805, the Slavic Canburg on the Eger withstood its siege for a long time, probably today's Kadaň. The current place was probably created at the end of the 11th century. On April 23, 1186 Duke Friedrich donated the trading settlement to the Order of St. John . A few decades later, Kaaden was raised to the status of a free royal city , a royal castle was built and the Minorites built a monastery with the church of St. Michael. In 1362 the town and castle burned down.
The city flourished again at the time of King Charles IV . The emperor granted it several privileges and reappointed it as a royal city. The people of Kaaden celebrate the arrival of Charles IV in the city with the Emperor's Day ( Císařský den ), which has been held annually at the end of August since 1993.
In 1534 the Treaty of Kaaden between the Habsburg Ferdinand and Duke Ulrich von Württemberg was signed in Kaaden . The city, which saw the start of the Reformation as early as 1524, lost its privileges in 1547 and suffered a lot during the Thirty Years' War .
Up until the First World War , Kaaden was a garrison of the KuK Austro-Hungarian Army .
After the First World War , Kaaden was added to the newly created Czechoslovakia in 1919 . On March 4, 1919, after the call of the regional group of social democrats on the occasion of election day for the Austrian National Assembly , the Kaaden German Bohemians demonstrated for the right to self-determination and to remain with Austria. There was a dispute with the Czech military stationed in the city. According to the Neue Zürcher Zeitung of March 7, 1919, 17 people were killed in Kaaden, 30 seriously and 80 slightly wounded. The dead were buried in an honorary grave at the cemetery; it was inaugurated again after 1989 .
According to the Munich Agreement , from 1938 to 1945 Kaaden belonged to the district of Kaaden , administrative district of Eger , in the Reichsgau Sudetenland of the German Empire .
After the end of World War II , the borders of Czechoslovakia that existed until 1938 were restored. In the following period, the assets of the German residents were confiscated based on the Beneš Decree 108 , the assets of the Evangelical Church were liquidated by Law No. 131/1948 Sb. And the Catholic city churches in Czechoslovakia were expropriated . Almost the entire population of German descent ( Sudeten Germans ) was expropriated and expelled without compensation in 1945/1946 .
Due to brisk resettlement, the city had 5,062 residents again on May 22, 1947. Between 1966 and 1971 the Kadaň dam was built south of the Franciscan monastery .
Demographics
Until 1945 Kaaden was mostly populated by German Bohemia , which were expelled.
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1785 | k. A. | 454 houses |
| 1830 | 3,222 | in 504 houses |
| 1843 | 3,703 | in 516 houses |
| 1900 | 7,458 | 7,292 Germans, 57 Czechs and 27 others |
| 1921 | 8,268 | 7,574 Germans and 469 Czechs |
| 1930 | 8,641 | including 7,692 Germans and 672 Czechs |
| 1939 | 7,658 |
| year | 1947 | 1950 | 1961 | 1970 | 1980 | 1991 | 2001 | 2011 |
| Residents | 5,062 | 5,542 | 7,689 | 14,875 | 18,277 | 17,461 | 16,975 | 16,938 |
Town twinning
The city of White Castle in Bavaria took over in 1955 a sponsorship for displaced Sudeten Germans .
Attractions
The historic city center was declared an urban monument reserve in 1978 .
- town hall
- Franciscan monastery
- Hospital Church of St. John the Baptist
- Dekanalkirche Elevation of the Holy Cross
- preserved parts of the city fortifications
- Saint tower
- Pförtl (Žatecký barbakán)
- Gothic castle
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Nikolaus von Kaaden (1350–1420) clockmaker and mechanic
- Wenzel Pantaleon Kirwitzer (1588–1626), astronomer and Jesuit missionary
- Wilhelm Nigrinus , also: Schwartze (1588–1638), ethnologist
- Johann Karl Vetter (around 1680–1742 in Saaz), sculptor
- Christian Vetter (1688–1734), sculptor
- Franz Josef Tobisch (1788–1880), farmer and pioneer of the peasant liberation in Bohemia (born in Meseritz near Kaaden)
- Franz Wenzl Tobisch (1788–1873), Catholic clergyman, honorary canon and honorary citizen of Teplitz (born in Meseritz near Kaaden)
- Johann Karl Tobisch (1793–1855), Prussian professor and author (born in Meseritz near Kaaden)
- Vinzenz Eugen Tobisch (1800-1852), Prussian professor (born in Meseritz near Kaaden)
- Josef Freiherr von Löschner (1809–1888), professor at the medical faculty of Charles University in Prague
- Marianne Eggersberg (1852–1938), born Maria Anna Peinl, poet, author and writer in Vienna
- Hans Zeisel (1905–1992), professor of statistics, law and economics
- Walter Stranka (1920–1992), writer
- Kurt Lenk (* 1929), political scientist
- Erwin Stranka (1935–2014), film director
- Ondřej Kaše (* 1995), ice hockey player
- Jan Zabystřan (* 1998), ski racer
- Amálie Švábíková (* 1999), track and field athlete
People connected to the city
- Carl Furtmüller (1880–1951), educator and psychologist, taught at the grammar school
- Heribert Sturm (1904–1981), city archivist and museum director in Eger, attended grammar school here
- Josef Dvořák (* 1942), actor, began his career in Kadaň
literature
- Jiří Kopica: Boj o pohraničí: demonstrace 4. března 1919 v Československu ( Battle for the borderland : Demonstration on March 4, 1919 in Czechoslovakia ), Město Kadaň (City of Kadaň), Kadaň 2013, ISBN 978-80-904493-8- 1 ( Czech and German ).
- Viktor Karell : Kaaden-Duppau. A home book of memory and history. 1965. Frankfurt am Main.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/563102/Kadan
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/563102/Obec-Kadan
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/563102/Obec-Kadan
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/563102/Obec-Kadan
- ↑ Emperor's on cisarskyden.cz.
- ↑ a b Meyer's Large Conversation Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 10, Leipzig and Vienna 1907, 403 .
- ^ Alfred Schickel : The expulsion of the Germans from Czechoslovakia: history, backgrounds, reviews Ed .: Federal Ministry for Expellees and Refugees, Documentation, ISBN 3-89182-014-3
- ↑ Jaroslaus Schaller : Topography of the Kingdom of Bohemia . Volume 7: Saatzer Kreis , Prague and Vienna 1787, pp. 129–140 .
- ↑ Yearbooks of the Bohemian Museum of Natural and Regional Studies, History, Art and Literature . Volume 2, Prague 1831, p. 198.
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia . Volume 14: Saaz District , Prague 1847, p. 205.
- ^ KK Central Statistical Commission, Community encyclopedia of the kingdoms and countries represented in the Imperial Council. Edited on the basis of the results of the census of December 31, 1900. Volume IX Bohemia (Vienna 1904) p. 262.
- ↑ Statistický lexikon obcí v Republice československé 1921. Díl I. Země Česká. Praha: Orbis, 1924. 598 p. P. 246.
- ↑ Statistický lexikon obcí v Republice československé 1930. Díl I. Země Česká. Praha: Orbis, 1934. 613 p. P. 131.
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. sud_kaaden.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Not documented are the years 1947, according to the Wikipedia article "Kadan" and its author taken from the paragraph Expulsion of the Germans
- ↑ Český statistický úřad, a col. Statistický lexikon obcí České republiky 2013. Praha: Český statistický úřad, 2013. 900 p. Dostupné online. ISBN 978-80-250-2394-5 . P. 290.
- ↑ "pohraničí" (n), German: Grenzland , or. Border area is the common Czechoslovakian and Czech name for the Bohemian " Sudetenland ."