Beeskow
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
|---|---|---|
|
Coordinates: 52 ° 10 ′ N , 14 ° 15 ′ E |
|
| Basic data | ||
| State : | Brandenburg | |
| County : | Oder-Spree | |
| Height : | 40 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 77.82 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 8040 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 103 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 15848 | |
| Area code : | 03366 | |
| License plate : | LOS, BSK, EH, FW | |
| Community key : | 12 0 67 036 | |
| LOCODE : | DE BKW | |
| City structure: | Core city and 7 districts | |
City administration address : |
Berliner Strasse 30 15848 Beeskow |
|
| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Frank Steffen ( SPD ) | |
| Location of the district town of Beeskow in the Oder-Spree district | ||
  |
||
Beeskow [ ˈbeːsko ] , ( Lower Sorbian Bezkow ) is the district town of the Oder-Spree district in Brandenburg ( Germany ).
geography
Beeskow is located on the eastern edge of the Beeskower Platte on the Spree , about 80 km southeast of Berlin and about 30 km southwest of Frankfurt (Oder) ; the Oder is about 30 km to the east. Large forest and meadow areas with many smaller and larger lakes extend around the city. Beeskow is called the "gateway to Lower Lusatia ".
City structure
Beeskow consists of the core city of Beeskow and seven districts:
In addition, the following residential spaces are shown: Bahrensdorf, Bornower Berg, Charlottenhof, Hannemannei, Hufenfeld, Kietz, Radinkendorf expansion, Vorheide, Weinberge and Wilhelmshöhe.
history
Until the 19th century
Beeskow was created at the point where the long-distance route from Frankfurt (Oder) to Leipzig crosses the Spree. The place name, which comes from Sorbian , is derived either from bez or baz for " elder ", or from a personal name Bezek or Bezik (from b (j) ez = "without").
The city founders and first city lords were the Knights of Strele in the 13th century . Under the protection of the castle, which was first mentioned in 1316, the city was laid out according to plan. The castle and city wall have largely been preserved. Since 1375 there was evidence of a leprosarium in Beeskow "in front of the Fürstenwalder Tor" , which was dedicated to St. Nicholas. The associated chapel was rebuilt in 1486.
In the 15th and 16th centuries, Beeskow gained importance as a customs post and as the center of the Beeskow rule , which belonged to Lower Lusatia in the Middle Ages . The city was also ecclesiastically oriented to the south. She belonged to the diocese of Meissen ; the city parish was under the patronage of the Neuzelle monastery . In the late Middle Ages, the city and the rulers changed hands several times. Towards the end of the 14th century, the Beeskow rule was owned by Duke Swantibor of Pomerania. After that she belonged among other things to members of the von Bieberstein family (last 1512–1551). Since 1518 Beeskow was owned by the Lubusz bishops .
After the Lords of Bieberstein died out in December 1551, the Bohemian King Ferdinand I enfeoffed the Margraves of Brandenburg with the Lords of Beeskow and Storkow five years later . Officially, Beeskow remained a Bohemian fiefdom and part of Niederlausitz, but in the following decades the Hohenzollerns succeeded in loosening their newly won rule more and more from Niederlausitz. Around 1600 Beeskow had finally become part of Brandenburg in its entirety, even though the Lower Lusatian estates did not want to recognize this fact for a long time. Nominally, the Bohemian lordship remained in place until 1742, when Frederick II broke the lordship from Maria Theresa's feudal lordship .
In two city fires in the 16th and 17th centuries, Beeskow was almost completely destroyed, after the reconstruction it became a garrison town . Beeskow experienced an economic heyday in the 19th century, especially with cloth, linen and beer.
With the opening of the railway line to Grunow , Beeskow received a train station and connection to the German railway network on May 15, 1888 . This was followed by the lines to Königs Wusterhausen (1898), Lübben via the Niederlausitzer Eisenbahn (1901, closed in 1996) and Bad Saarow via the Fürstenwalde – Beeskow district railway (1911, until 1998).
20th century
On April 23, 1945, a Soviet air raid partially destroyed the old town. The heavy artillery fire of the following days fell u. a. the Gothic brick church of St. Mary's Sacrifice. The destroyed areas of the city were partly rebuilt in rows in the 1950s and 1960s. After the fall of the Wall , the historical buildings in the old town, including the Marienkirche, were restored . The city is a member of the working group "Cities with historic city centers" of the state of Brandenburg.
In Beeskow there was a small Jewish community ( Kehillah ) with a synagogue , which today serves as a residential building. A Jewish cemetery from the first half of the 19th century was not destroyed during the Nazi era; existing gravestones were combined to form a monument in the 1980s. Two stumbling blocks were laid in 2014, but they were stolen the following day.
From 1836 to 1950 Beeskow was in the Beeskow-Storkow district in the Prussian province of Brandenburg . The seat of the district office was in the city. After the district was dissolved, the city moved to the Frankfurt (Oder) district from 1950–1952 , before the Beeskow district was re-created in 1952 . Beeskow was a district town from 1952 to 1993 (until 1990 in the GDR district of Frankfurt (Oder) , from 1990 to 1993 in the state of Brandenburg ).
From 1960 to 1990, Beeskow was home to the Institute of Civil Defense of the GDR, the College of Civil Defense .
Incorporations
On July 1, 1950, Neuendorf and Radinkendorf on July 1, 1974, were incorporated into the urban area. On December 6, 1993, the former communities Bornow, Kohlsdorf, Krügersdorf, Oegeln and Schneeberg were incorporated.
Population development
|
|
|
|
|
Territory of the respective year, number of inhabitants: as of December 31 (from 1991), from 2011 based on the 2011 census
politics
City Council
The city council of Beeskow consists of 18 city councilors and the full-time mayor. Since the local elections on May 26, 2019, it has been composed as follows:
| Party / group of voters | Share of votes | Seats |
| SPD | 22.3% | 4th |
| Citizens' forum Beeskow | 20.5% | 4th |
| CDU | 18.7% | 3 |
| The left | 17.6% | 3 |
| Beeskow and districts in view | 8.7% | 2 |
| Farmer-hunter-angler | 6.9% | 1 |
| FDP | 5.3% | 1 |
mayor
|
In the mayoral election on September 24, 2017, Steffen was confirmed in office with 62.7% of the valid votes for a further term of eight years.
coat of arms
The coat of arms was approved on March 15, 1997.
Blazon : “In red a pointed Gothic portal decorated with four pinnacles and provided with two openings placed one above the other, covered with two shields placed diagonally against one another. In front three silver scythe blades, one on top of the other, in red (with the edge turned upwards); behind in gold a red, five-ended stag pole, bent to the right. "
The shield with three scythes is the coat of arms of the first city lords, the Knights of Strele. The red stag pole in the golden background is the coat of arms of the Lords of Biberstein . The four turrets have emerged over time from four rods that towered over the head of the shield of the oldest known Beeskow city coat of arms. The rods should represent bishop's rods, since the Beeskow rule belonged to the diocese of Lebus in the 16th century . The gate facade is a general city symbol and has no relation to any local historical structure. This coat of arms is documented in the Brandenburg State Main Archives on sealed documents from the years 1534 and 1540.
Town twinning
Beeskow maintains partnerships with Kamen in North Rhine-Westphalia and with Sulęcin (until 1945: Zielenzig) in Poland .
Sights and culture
Architectural monuments
- Medieval Beeskow Castle , today serves as an educational, cultural and music school center for the Oder-Spree district. The castle complex houses the regional museum for the Beeskow-Storkow region with a medieval magazine and torture cellar as well as changing exhibitions, especially on art in the GDR , which is kept here in the Beeskow art archive . In addition, in May 2018 in the castle previously in Monschau -based Museum of Music Beeskow reopened.
- St. Marien Church , one of the largest brick Gothic churches in the Mark Brandenburg, was built as a four-aisled hall church with an ambulatory choir from 1370/80 and completed in 1511 when the tower pyramid was completed. A comprehensive restoration was completed in 1933. The church was destroyed on April 26, 1945 by artillery fire from the advancing Red Army at the end of the Second World War. The tower collapsed, the burning roof collapsed into the nave . The fire was exacerbated by books moved from the Prussian State Library to the church. In 1949 the seven huge pillars of the nave collapsed. After the heavy destruction, the remains were secured in an emergency, the south aisle was consecrated as an emergency church and in 1965 a Schuke organ was installed . In 1976 extensive securing work began on the wall crowns and roofs. The planned reconstruction of the church was not possible until 1991, also with support from the German Foundation for Monument Protection .
- Oldest house in Beeskow, built around 1482, between Marienkirche and market square
- City wall, largely preserved, with well-preserved towers, including the Luckau gate tower, known as the "Dicker Turm", a landmark of the city
- Former monk's hostel right next to the city wall, was once accommodation for wandering monks, Theodor Fontane stopped here
- Fischerkiez
- Jewish cemetery on Kohlsdorfer Chaussee
- Graves of Lithuanian and Polish forced laborers in the cemetery on Storkower Strasse
- Memorial for the Victims of Fascism (since 1969) in Breitscheidstrasse
- Former fire brigade school "Schloss Bahrensdorf" consisting of the former manor house (rest home), riser and fire watch tower with siren, gas training house and infirmary, car hall / training building, administration and residential building as well as granite paving in front of the car hall. It was opened in July 1927 as the first German fire brigade school.
See also: List of architectural monuments in Beeskow and List of ground monuments in Beeskow with the monuments entered in the monuments list of the state of Brandenburg.
museum
In August 2016 a music museum opened in Beeskow , in which mechanical and self-playing musical instruments are exhibited. After some of its exhibits were exhibited in a former department store , it was integrated into Beeskow Castle in May 2018.
Cultural events
- New year run
- Concert series St. Marien (all year round)
- Walpurgis Night and Hollefest
- Spring market and autumn market
- Festival of Cultures
- Old Town Festival (1st weekend in June)
- Old town run
- Long night
- Kiezer water sports festival
- Fishing Festival (August)
- Opera Oder / Spree (August)
- Farmer's market with harvest crown competition (September)
- medieval wool market (end of October)
- Christmas market (November / December)
literature
A scholarship for writers is awarded annually. The “Burgschreiber” lives from June 11th of each year for a period of six months at Beeskow Castle to deal with the region and its people, to actively participate in social life and to have the opportunity to work in peace. The castle scribes offer readings and other events for guests at the castle.
The writer Günter de Bruyn lives near Beeskow and has the landscape offside in his book . Declaration of love to a landscape (Frankfurt 2006) set a literary monument.
Movie
On the night of June 16, 2004, two young people from Beeskow attacked a homeless man, tried to rob him and set him on fire. The homeless suffered life-threatening burns. The circumstances of this act were dealt with in the feature film Weltstadt , which premiered in 2008 and directed by Christian Klandt , who grew up in Beeskow, with Florian Bartholomäi in the lead role. Most of the film was shot in Beeskow, and numerous amateur actors from the city also took part.
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
- The federal highways 87 run through the city between Frankfurt (Oder) and Lübben , the B 168 between Fürstenwalde and Cottbus and the B 246 between Storkow and Eisenhüttenstadt .
- Beeskow is located on the railway line Koenigs Wusterhausen Grunow , on the regional rail line 36 of Niederbarnimer railway from Koenigs Wusterhausen to Frankfurt (Oder) wrong. It stops in the urban area at the Beeskow train station and the Oegeln and Schneeberg (Mark) stops .
media
- The Beeskower newspaper
- The OderlandSpiegel
- Märkische Oderzeitung
- ODF - television for East Brandenburg
- City library and city archive
- Schukurama cinema
education
- Benjamin Blümchen day care center
- Day care center Maya the Bee
- Kiefernzwerge day care center
- Day care center AWO-Hort in the elementary school on the city wall
- Spreespatzen day care center
- Fontane Elementary School
- Elementary school on the city wall
- Albert Schweitzer High School
- Rouanet high school
- Community College
Sports
The largest sports club in the city is SV Preußen 90 Beeskow with the departments football, volleyball, table tennis, tennis, gymnastics, badminton , taekwondo , dragon boat and boxing (as of 2017).
The Athletics Association in Beeskow organizes various sporting events, such as the New Year's Run, the Beeskow Old Town Run (held for the first time in 2012), the Beeskow track walking and the children's Olympics.
In the sports and leisure center on Bertholdplatz there are several soccer fields, a 400 m circular track with tartan surface, a throwing area, two gyms (one of which has space for around 200 spectators) as well as tennis and beach volleyball courts. There is also the possibility of bowling and bowling.
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Gebhard XXV. von Alvensleben (1618–1681), statesman and historian
- Gotthilf Treuer (1632–1711), poet
- Gottlieb Treuer (1657–1729), Protestant theologian
- Franz Ludwig Steinmeyer (1811–1900), Protestant pastor and professor of theology
- Ferdinand Friedensburg (1824–1891), Lord Mayor of Breslau
- Hugo Zeye (1852–1909), Vice Admiral in the Imperial Navy
- Otto Hoffmann (1853–1909), botanist
- Max Seiffert (1868–1948), musicologist, editor of early music
- Hans Sohnle (1895–1976), film architect
- Hans Oelze (1896–1963), police officer, colonel in World War II
- Wolfgang Vorwald (1898–1977), Lieutenant General in the Air Force in World War II
- Pem , actually Paul Marcus (1901–1972), journalist and writer
- Christoph Aschmoneit (1901–1984), submarine builder
- Elisabeth Specht (1912–2002), pastor
- Eberhard Freiherr von Medem (1913–1993), administrative lawyer
- Gerhard Finke (* 1917), painter, graphic artist and sculptor
- Udo Zylla (* 1929), politician ( NDPD ), member of the People's Chamber of the GDR
- Ilse Seemann (* 1934), actress, radio presenter and author
- Otto Holzapfel (* 1941), folklorist and song researcher
- Hartmut Böhme (* 1944), cultural and literary scholar
- Joachim Mattern (* 1948), canoeist
- Frank Bartz (* 1965), soccer player
- Jörg Bartz (* 1965), soccer player
- Dietmar Schultke (* 1967), author
- Judith Zeidler (* 1968), rower, 1988 Olympic champion in eighth
- Jana Thieme (* 1970), rower, Olympic champion, six-time world champion
- Ronny Ostwald (* 1974), track and field athlete
- Sabine Rennefanz (* 1974), journalist and author
Personalities associated with Beeskow
- Jean Pierre Barthélemy Rouanet (1747–1837), senator from 1781 and later city treasurer of Beeskow, died in Beeskow. His daughter Therese Rouanet (1790–1867) was the mother of Emilie Rouanet-Kummer, the wife of Theodor Fontane .
literature
- Beeskow. Then and now. Culturcon / Märkische Oderzeitung, 2011, ISBN 978-3-941092-72-3
- City of Beeskow (ed.): Information brochure Beeskow 2017. without date, p. 42
Web links
- Official website of the city of Beeskow
- 750 years of Beeskow ( Memento from September 28, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population in the State of Brandenburg according to municipalities, offices and municipalities not subject to official registration on December 31, 2019 (XLSX file; 223 KB) (updated official population figures) ( help on this ).
- ↑ Place names Niederlausitz / Wejsne mjenja Dolna Łužyca ( Memento from March 2, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ The place names of the Beeskow-Storkow district. ISBN 3-515-08664-1 , pp. 226-228
- ↑ Main statute of the city of Beeskow from April 22, 2009 PDF
- ^ Service portal of the state administration of the state of Brandenburg: City of Beeskow
- ^ Walter Wenzel: New interpretations of Niederlausitzer place names . In: Lětopis . tape 2 , 2006, p. 73-89 .
- ^ Heinrich Gottfried Philipp Gengler : Regesta and documents on the legal and constitutional history of German cities in the Middle Ages. Erlangen 1863, pp. 169-179 .
- ↑ see overview of the Society for Leprosy, Documentation: Medieval Leprosy Houses in today's Brandenburg and Berlin ( memento of October 11, 2016 in the Internet Archive ), Die Klapper 1998, accessed October 11, 2016
- ↑ About Duke Swantibor of Pomerania taking possession of the Beeskow rule in the last years of the 14th century. In: General Archive for the History of the Prussian State. Volume 3. Berlin / Posen / Bromberg 1830, pp. 130-136 ( full text )
- ↑ Federal Statistical Office (Ed.): Municipalities 1994 and their changes since 01.01.1948 in the new federal states . Metzler-Poeschel, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 .
- ^ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. Landkreis Oder-Spree . Pp. 14-17
- ↑ Population in the state of Brandenburg from 1991 to 2015 according to independent cities, districts and municipalities , Table 7
- ^ Office for Statistics Berlin-Brandenburg (Ed.): Statistical report AI 7, A II 3, A III 3. Population development and population status in the state of Brandenburg (respective editions of the month of December)
- ^ Result of the local elections on May 26, 2016
- ↑ wahlen.beeskow.de Former mayors
- ^ Result of the mayoral election on September 24, 2017
- ↑ Coat of arms information on the service portal of the state administration of Brandenburg
- ^ Website of the music museum Burg Beeskow
- ^ Franz-Josef Sehr : Development of fire protection . In: Freiwillige Feuerwehr Obertiefenbach e. V. (Ed.): 125 years of the Obertiefenbach volunteer fire brigade . Reference 2005, ISBN 978-3-926262-03-5 , pp. 116-117 .
- ↑ Music Museum starts in Kaufhalle . In: Märkische Onlinezeitung , May 21, 2016
- ↑ Homeless man was robbed and set on fire. In: Berliner Zeitung . July 3, 2004
- ^ Website for the film Weltstadt
- ^ Obituary by Otto Hoffmann
Bad Saarow | Beeskow | Berkenbrück | Briesen (Mark) | Brieskow-Finkenheerd | Diensdorf-Radlow | Eisenhüttenstadt | Erkner | Friedland | Fürstenwalde / Spree | Gosen-Neu Zittau | Gross Lindow | Grünheide (Mark) | Grunow-Dammendorf | Jacobsdorf | Long choice | Lawitz | Mixdorf | Garbage rose | Neißemünde | Neuzelle | Ragow-Merz | Rough | Reichenwalde | Rietz-Neuendorf | Schlaubetal | Schöneiche near Berlin | See you | Spreenhagen | Steinhöfel | Storkow (Mark) | Dive | Vogelsang | Wendisch Rietz | Wiesenau | Woltersdorf | Ziltendorf