Luebben (Spreewald)

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Lübben (Spreewald)
Luebben (Spreewald)
Map of Germany, position of the city of Lübben (Spreewald) highlighted

Coordinates: 51 ° 57 '  N , 13 ° 54'  E

Basic data
State : Brandenburg
County : Dahme-Spreewald
Height : 50 m above sea level NHN
Area : 120.85 km 2
Residents: 14,022 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 116 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 15907
Area code : 03546
License plate : LDS, KW, LC, LN
Community key : 12 0 61 316
City structure: 6 districts or city ​​districts

City administration address : 		Poststrasse 5
15907 Lübben
Website : www.luebben.de
Mayor : Lars Kolan ( SPD )
Location of the district town of Lübben (Spreewald) in the district of Dahme-Spreewald
Alt Zauche-Wußwerk Bersteland Bestensee Byhleguhre-Byhlen Drahnsdorf Eichwalde Golßen Groß Köris Halbe Heideblick Heidesee Jamlitz Kasel-Golzig Königs Wusterhausen Krausnick-Groß Wasserburg Lieberose Lübben Luckau Märkisch Buchholz Märkische Heide Mittenwalde Münchehofe Neu Zauche Rietzneuendorf-Staakow Schlepzig Schönefeld Schönwald Schulzendorf Schwerin Schwielochsee Spreewaldheide Steinreich Straupitz (Spreewald) Teupitz Unterspreewald Wildau Zeuthen Brandenburgmap
About this picture

Lübben (Spreewald) , Lubin (Błota) in Lower Sorbian , is the district town of the Dahme-Spreewald district in Niederlausitz in the state of Brandenburg . Since June 2, 1999, the city has been a state-approved resort .

The Spreewaldstadt is part of the official settlement area of ​​the Sorbs / Wends in Brandenburg.

geography

Location of Lübben in the Spreewald

Rivers

The Spree , the Berste , the Burg-Lübbener Canal, the Red Nile and the Great Fliess , which form the southeastern border, flow through the city of Lübben .

City structure

The city of Lübben (Spreewald) is divided into seven districts, two inhabited districts and five residential areas:

The former residential areas Deichsiedlung (Nasypowe sedlišćo) , Gubener Vorstadt (Gubinske pśedměsto) and post offices (Postowe twarjenja) as well as the former Treppendorfer residential area extension (Wutwaŕki) are no longer officially identified.

history

Place name

The name of the city is probably derived from a Slavic personal name "Luba". Many legends and stories in the city relate to the Sorbian goddess of love and fertility, Liuba . A memorial stone in the grove between the old town and the train station commemorates her , and a school in the city bears her name.

12th to 19th centuries

The castle Luebben was as urbs lubin in 1150 for the first time in an inventory of the possessions of the monastery Nienburg mentioned.

Between 1210 and 1220 the Magdeburg city law was introduced in Lübben. The urban development was favored by the strategically and logistically outstanding geographical location between Ober- and Unterspreewald .

Paul Gerhardt Church
Lübben Castle City and Regional Museum

Around 1300 the town became the property of the Dobrilugk Monastery ( Doberlug-Kirchhain ), under whose rule it remained until 1329. It was then acquired by Duke Rudolf of Saxony . After long armed conflict came Lubben 1373 together with the Lower Lausitz under the rule of Emperor Charles IV. , Of the Margravate in the Bohemian crown incorporated . The Saxon princes remained the lords of Lübben until 1422. In the time of the Hussite Wars , Lower Lusatia became the pledge of the bailiffs appointed by the Bohemian king. During this time Lübben became more and more a free sovereign city, even if the sovereign Hans von Polenz (1422–1437) resided in the sovereign castle of Lübben. On October 18, 1448, the city was occupied by the Brandenburg margrave Friedrich II . This forced the brothers von Polenz to sell him the town and castle of Lübben for only 10,000 Rhenish guilders . Since 1462 Lübben was again directly under the rule of the Bohemian kings and came under the rule of the Habsburgs as part of the crown in 1526 . Lübben became part of Electoral Saxony in 1623 (finally 1635) together with the entire Lower Lusatia .

During the Thirty Years' War , the city of Lübben and the surrounding settlements were repeatedly victims of pillaging and pillaging troops from various fighting parties.

Lübben had been the capital of the Lower Lusatia margravate since the 15th century . There had Landvogt its headquarters and most of the diets of Niederlausitzer stalls were held in Lubben. In 1815 Lower Lusatia became Prussian, the margravate was attached to the province of Brandenburg and Lübben lost its function as the capital of the region that had been autonomous for centuries . It became the district town of the Lübben district in the Prussian province of Brandenburg .

Lübben had been the garrison of the Brandenburg Jäger Battalion No. 3 since 1827 .

20th century

During the time of National Socialism , the synagogue of the Jewish community in today's Kirchstrasse , built around the turn of the century, was desecrated and destroyed during the pogrom night of 1938. Since 1988 a memorial stone in the garden behind the new building No. 3/4 has been a reminder of the church. The Jewish cemetery was also destroyed and the tombstones were used for paving the streets. In 1955 the VVN erected a memorial for the dead in the extension of the Majoransheide .

At the end of the Second World War , Lübben briefly became a focal point in history in the Battle of Berlin : In the planning of the Red Army's attack , the interface between the two Soviet army groups, the 1st Belarusian Front of Marshal Zhukov and the 1st Ukrainian Front was located of Marshal Konev at Guben . Since the formation on the Oder, but not the further advance (and thus the conquest of Berlin) was clearly assigned to one of the two fronts and the two marshals vied for the favor of Stalin , he drew a dividing line on the map from the Oder straight to Lübben . There the line ended and Stalin declared that the one in command whose troops reached the place first should march into Berlin from the south.

Since Zhukov's troops made slow progress in front of the Seelow Heights after the attack began on April 16, Konjew was able to reach the area around Lübben on the following day with a daring advance of his 3rd Guards Panzer Army. Stalin gave him permission to attack Berlin directly. The city itself was defended by the German 9th Army and only fell a few days later. In the fierce house-to-house fighting, 85 percent of Lübben was destroyed. Over 300 soldiers from both sides and 500 civilians lost their lives.

From 1952 to 1990 Lübben was the district town of the Lübben district in the GDR district of Cottbus , and from 1990 to 1993 in the state of Brandenburg .

The GDR established one of its largest armaments factories near Lübben, which manufactured ammunition for the NVA until 1990 .

Since 1990

Extensive administrative changes were made after German reunification , and in 1993 Lübben gained the status of the district town of the Dahme-Spreewald district. She shares the offices with Königs Wusterhausen , located near Berlin . The district office and youth welfare office are located in Lübben, while Königs Wusterhausen, for example, houses the responsible tax office and a youth detention center.

With the start of the archaeological preliminary investigations in July 2002, extensive redesign and development of the city center began. Between 2004 and 2011, new residential and commercial buildings were built around the market square. The redesigned marketplace was inaugurated in 2006. Since 2010, houses on Brückenplatz that had been destroyed in the Second World War have been rebuilt.

On September 23, 2008, the city received the title “ Place of Diversity ” awarded by the federal government .

Population development

Population development of Lübben from 1875 to 2017
year Residents
1875 5,843
1890 6,431
1910 8,103
1925 7,866
1933 8,051
1939 10.100
1946 9,433
1950 9,155
1964 12,354
1971 13,038
1981 14,277
year Residents
1985 14,364
1989 14,245
1990 14,044
1991 13,834
1992 13,844
1993 15,139
1994 15.202
1995 15.091
1996 15,070
1997 15,054
1998 14,998
year Residents
1999 15,095
2000 15,025
2001 14,845
2002 14,897
2003 14,807
2004 14,751
2005 14,627
2006 14,557
2007 14,346
2008 14,250
2009 14,179
year Residents
2010 14,122
2011 * 13,869
2012 13,815
2013 13,707
2014 13,672
2015 13,824
2016 13,861
2017 13,964
2018 14,024
2019 14,022

Territory of the respective year, number of inhabitants: as of December 31 (from 1991), from 2011 based on the 2011 census

* The population for 2011 was given as 14 047 before the 2011 census , and then as 13 869.

language

Bilingual lettering on the Lübben town hall

Until the death of the deacon Fritze in 1790, Lower Sorbian (Wendish) was preached in Lübben , since then only in German. The population of the surrounding villages Neuendorf, Treppendorf, Groß Lubolz and Hartmannsdorf, which around 1750 was still almost entirely Wendish, was subsequently Germanized. Arnošt Muka found no Wendish residents there in 1884.

politics

City Council

Local elections 2019
Turnout: 56.2%
 %
30th
20th
10
0
24.0%
22.9%
20.1%
13.4%
11.4%
7.0%
Pro Lübben
SF

The city council assembly of the city of Lübben consists of 22 city councilors in addition to the full-time mayor. The local election on May 26, 2019 resulted in the following distribution of seats:

Party / group of voters Seats
Pro Lübben 5
CDU 5
Community of voters diestadtfraktion 4th
SPD 3
The left 3
Alliance 90 / The Greens 2

mayor

  • 1990–2014: Lothar Bretterbauer ( CDU ), resigned for health reasons in August 2014
  • 2014–2015: Frank Neumann (independent), acting
  • since 2015: Lars Kolan ( SPD )

Lars Kolan was elected for a term of eight years in the mayoral election on February 15, 2015 with 63.1% of the valid votes (turnout 49.5%).

coat of arms

The coat of arms was approved on March 14, 1995.

Blazon : "In gold, a black eagle with a red tongue and red fangs."

Town twinning

Awards and honors

Sights and culture

Buildings and cultural monuments

Lübben Castle (south side)
Castle Island Lübben
House Burglehn on the site of the old Slavic castle

In the list of architectural monuments in Lübben (Spreewald) and in the list of ground monuments in Lübben (Spreewald) are the monuments entered in the list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg.

Museums

Green spaces

Liuba stone in the Lübben grove

Beauty in Lubben are adjacent to the grove and the Island of Love , the castle island that exists in its present form since the 1998th In the years after the Second World War , the remains of the rubble that the war had left accumulated there. The island was later redesigned, creating rivers and a stepped hill . A water playground and another sand playground were also built. Today concerts and cultural events take place there. South of the city was the Slavic castle Lübben in the Middle Ages , the remains of which around the Haus Burglehn inn can still be guessed.

The approximately 20 hectare Lübbener Hain lies between the old town and the train station and is the remainder of an alluvial forest at the mouth of the Berste . It was already mentioned in the Middle Ages. In the grove there are around 220 English oaks with an age of around 180 to 250 years and a height of around 30 meters. A memorial stone commemorates the Slavic goddess of love and fertility, Liuba . It is believed that there was a place of worship in the grove for their worship.

Events

Lübben is the center and starting point of the open-air art festival aquamediale , which takes place in the summer months and is visited by over 100,000 guests every year.

Economy and Infrastructure

Established businesses

The health sector is particularly well represented in the district town with its three clinics . The clinics have supraregional importance and a catchment area as far as Berlin.

tourism

For Lübben, as a state-recognized resort , tourism is one of the most important branches of the economy. With 3714 guest beds, around 1500 jobs are assigned to him. According to statistical figures from the tourism association Lübben (Spreewald) und Umgebung e. V. in 2010 a total of 55,776 overnight guests with 298,048 overnight stays in the city.

traffic

Lübben railway station (Spreewald)

education

As of 2018 there are the following schools in Lübben:

  • Liuba Elementary School
  • Evangelical primary school
  • Friedrich Ludwig Jahn Primary School
  • "Spreewald School" high school
  • Paul-Gerhardt-Gymnasium
  • Upper School Center
  • Special school for the mentally handicapped
  • General special school "Schule am Neuhaus"
  • District Music School Dahme-Spreewald

Sports

The most important sports clubs in the city are the Grün-Weiß Lübben football club , which plays in the Brandenburg League in the 2018/19 season , the HC Spreewald handball club and the Lübben 94 dance club, which is responsible for training school sports teachers in the state of Brandenburg .

The most important sports facilities in Lübben are the Stadium of Friendship of Nations and the multi-purpose hall "Blaues Wunder". There is also a youth fire brigade in Lübben.

Personalities

See: List of personalities of the city of Lübben (Spreewald)

Trivia

literature

Source editions

  • Woldemar Lippert : Document book of the city of Lübben.
    • Volume 1: The Lübben City Books 1382–1526 . Baensch Foundation, Dresden 1911
    • Volume 2: The Lübben city accounts of the 15th and 16th centuries . Baensch Foundation, Dresden 1919
    • Volume 3: The documents of the city and the office of Lübben, the rule of Zauche, Pretschen and Leuthen . Baensch Foundation, Dresden 1933
  • Peter von Gebhardt (editor): The log book of the masonry trade in Lübben from 1645 to 1715. In: Archives for family research and all related areas. 6th year, issue 11, November 1929, pp. 369–395
  • Otto Fischer: The Lübben subscription book. In: Archives for kin research and all related areas. 11th year, issue 2, February 1934, pp. 45–48; Volume 3, March 1934, pp. 79-83, p. 91; No. 4, April 1934, pp. 104-107, 128; No. 6, June 1934, pp. 180-184; Issue 7, July 1934, pp. 212-214; No. 8, August 1934, pp. 243-249; Issue 9, September 1934, pp. 284-288; Issue 11, November 1934, pp. 348-351; 12th year, Issue 8, August 1935, pp. 250-253: Issue 9, September 1935, pp. 286-289; Issue 12, December 1935, pp. 385-388

Secondary literature

  • Johann Wilhelm Neumann : History of the district town of Lübben in the Markgrafthum Niederlausitz . Alfa-Verlags-Gesellschaft, Lübben 2000, ISBN 3-935513-01-1 (reprint of the Lübben, Driemel, 1846 and 1857 edition).
  • Christine-Hildegard Steuer: Contributions to the history of the city of Lübben. Development, constitution, economy, population and their names. Dissertation, Humboldt University, Berlin 1941/1958.
  • Götz von Houwald : The Niederlausitz manors and their owners . Volume 3: Lübben district (= library of family history sources, volume 32). Degener, Neustadt an der Aisch 1984, ISBN 3-7686-4109-0 , pp. 9-74, 287-321, 354-362
  • Friedrich Herrbruck [u. a.] (texts), Hans Huwer [u. a.] (Photos): Lübben, our twin town in the Spreewald. A city portrait (= Neunkircher booklet, booklet 10). Neunkirchen tourist office, Neunkirchen 1989
  • City administration Lübben (Ed.): Lübben - a gem of Niederlausitz . 1st edition. Heimat-Verlag, Lübben 1993, ISBN 3-929600-04-8 .
  • Rolf Ebert: Lübben and Lower Lusatia. Volume 1, Herms, Lübben im Spreewald 1993; Volume 2, 1997; Volume 3, 2001
  • Annegret Weiland: Festschrift Lübben 850 years: 1150–2000 . Heimat-Verlag, Lübben 1999, ISBN 3-929600-17-X .
  • Axel Pinkow: Lübben. Historical postcards in words and pictures. Self-published, Königs Wusterhausen 1999.
  • Rolf Ebert: On the history of the city of Lübben (Spreewald). Chronological outline . Heimat-Verlag, Lübben 2003, ISBN 3-929600-27-7 .
  • Klaus Neitmann , Kathrin Schröder and Kärstin Weirauch: "Has become the ornament of the country". Lübben (Spreewald) in the mirror of archival sources (= individual publication of the Brandenburg State Main Archives, Volume 2). be.bra Wissenschaft verlag, Berlin 2006, ISBN 978-3-937233-28-4

Web links

Commons : Lübben  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Lübben in the Topographia Superioris Saxoniae (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts
Wikivoyage: Lübben (Spreewald)  - travel guide

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Population in the State of Brandenburg according to municipalities, offices and municipalities not subject to official registration on December 31, 2019 (XLSX file; 223 KB) (updated official population figures) ( help on this ).
  2. ↑ Date according to the city website
  3. ↑ Press release from the Brandenburg Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy from September 9, 2016
  4. ↑ Lübben - numbers, facts on the city's website
  5. ^ Service portal of the state administration Brandenburg. City of Lübben (Spreewald)
  6. ↑ Reinhard E. Fischer : The place names of the states of Brandenburg and Berlin. Age - origin - meaning (= Brandenburg historical studies, volume 13). be.bra Wissenschaft verlag, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-937233-30-X , p. 108.
  7. ↑ After: Peter Gosztony (Ed.): The battle for Berlin in eyewitness reports. Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, Munich 1985, ISBN 3-423-02718-5 , p. 119 f.
  8. ^ City of Lübben. History. 2006-2010. Lübben's city center gets a new face on luebben-stadtleben.de
  9. ↑ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. Dahme-Spreewald district (PDF) pp. 22-25
  10. ↑ Population in the state of Brandenburg from 1991 to 2015 according to independent cities, districts and municipalities , Table 7
  11. ^ Office for Statistics Berlin-Brandenburg (Ed.): Statistical report AI 7, A II 3, A III 3. Population development and population status in the state of Brandenburg (respective editions of the month of December)
  12. ^ Richard Andree : Wendish wandering studies. Stuttgart 1874, p. 175
  13. ↑ Ernst Tschernik: The development of the Sorbian population. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1954, p. 110ff.
  14. ^ Result of the local election on May 26, 2019
  15. ↑ Personal declaration by the mayor in the Lübbener Stadtanzeiger, No. 07/2014, p. 2 (PDF; 2.36 MB)
  16. ↑ Brandenburg Local Election Act, Section 74
  17. ^ Result of the mayoral election on February 15, 2015
  18. ↑ Coat of arms information on the service portal of the state administration of Brandenburg
  19. ↑ a b draft resolution 2011/068 a . (PDF; 1.8 MB) at luebben-rathaus.de
  20. ↑ Lübben (Spreewald) ( Memento from October 6, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) on dahme-spreewald.de
  21. ↑ City of Lübben (Spreewald) ( memento from September 5, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) on orte-der-vielfalt.de
  22. ↑ kletterwald-luebben.de
  23. ↑ Lübbener Hain on the website of the city of Lübben, accessed on May 5, 2016.
  24. ↑ aquamediale.de - Homepage , accessed on October 27, 2015
  25. ↑ Dismantling of bombs in the Spreewald. In: Thüringische Landeszeitung. June 30, 2009
  26. ↑ spreewald-feldmann.de
  27. ↑ Quality report 2010. (PDF; 2.7 MB) of the Asklepios specialist clinic Lübben
  28. ↑ Who is occupying us? on the website of the Rehabilitation Center Lübben
  29. ↑ Numbers and facts on luebben.de
  30. ^ The tourism industry in the Spreewald city of Lübben and the surrounding area today on luebben.de
  31. ↑ Tourist association on spreewaldstadt-luebben.de
  32. ↑ schools on luebben-stadtleben.de