Luckau
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Coordinates: 51 ° 51 ' N , 13 ° 43' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Brandenburg | |
| County : | Dahme-Spreewald | |
| Height : | 63 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 207.43 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 9565 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 46 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 15926 | |
| Primaries : | 03544, 035324 (Fürstlich Drehna) , 035439 (Schlabendorf am See) , 035454 (Uckro) , 035456 (Duben, Terpt, Willmersdorf-Stöbritz) | |
| License plate : | LDS, KW, LC, LN | |
| Community key : | 12 0 61 320 | |
| LOCODE : | DE LRD | |
City administration address : |
Am Markt 34 15926 Luckau |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Gerald Lehmann ( independent ) | |
| Location of the city of Luckau in the Dahme-Spreewald district | ||
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Luckau ( Łukow in Lower Sorbian ) is a town in the Dahme-Spreewald district in Brandenburg .
geography
The area of the city of Luckau in Niederlausitz, with 207.44 square kilometers, is one of the largest municipalities in Germany (91st place out of 100) and is larger than the city of Stuttgart, for example. It extends along the north side of the Lausitzer Grenzwall and is traversed by Berste and Wudritz , both of which flow into the Spree . The highest point of the municipality is the Mühlenberg in the south at 120 m above sea level. NHN . Between the districts of Fürstlich Drehna and Schlabendorf as well as Beesdau (municipality of Heideblick), charred open-cast mines that are being recultivated are reminiscent of the most north-westerly of the mining areas in the Lusatian lignite district . The southern half of the city's area is embedded in the Niederlausitzer Landrücke Nature Park .
Neighboring communities
In the district of Dahme-Spreewald, the municipality of Heideblick , which is free of charge, borders in the south-west , in the north - in the Unterspreewald district - the municipalities of Drahnsdorf , Kasel-Golzig and Bersteland , and in the northeast the district town of Lübben (Spreewald) borders on Luckau. In the east and southeast, Luckau borders the cities of Lübbenau / Spreewald and Calau in the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district. In the south, Luckau borders the communities of Massen-Niederlausitz and Crinitz in the Kleine Elster-Niederlausitz district in the Elbe-Elster district. In the northwest (south of the Dahme , which forms the border with Drahnsdorf there) there is a short border to the municipality of Dahmetal in the Dahme / Mark district in the Teltow-Fläming district.
City structure
The following districts and inhabited districts belong to Luckau:
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The municipality part Wittmannsdorf (Witanojce) as well as the residential areas Calauer Vorstadt, Sando (Žandow) and Sandoer Vorstadt belong to the core town of Luckau .
history
The oldest surviving document that mentions the city of Luckau ( Sorbian Łukow ) dates from 1230. In 1276 the place was mentioned as Lukkowe . In 1351 the Luckau Treaty was signed . As a wealthy city, it became one of the capitals of Lower Lusatia in 1492 .
With the Peace of Prague in 1635, the Saxon Elector was enfeoffed with the Lower Lusatia margraviate , which until then had been under Bohemian suzerainty.
In the Thirty Years' War the Swedes expanded the city as a main base; it suffered severe destruction as a result of the subsequent clashes.
On June 4, 1813, during the wars of freedom in the battle near Luckau, the advance of French units on Berlin was thwarted by the allied Russian - Prussian troops. As part of a troop inspection, Napoleon stayed in Luckau on July 20 and 21, 1813. He moved into quarters on the upper floor of the summer house of the businessman Vogt. This merchant was then the richest man in town. He was so rich that even the city of Luckau borrowed money from him. As it was very cold that July night, Napoleon had a copper hot water bottle brought to the bed. This hot water bottle can still be seen in the Niederlausitz Museum in Luckau today .
By resolution of the Congress of Vienna in 1815, Lower Lusatia was Prussian , the Margraviate was dissolved and the area of Lower Lusatia and thus also the city of Luckau became part of the Province of Brandenburg .
From 1816 to 1952 the city was the administrative seat of the Luckau district and a well-known mud bath at the beginning of the 20th century . From 1952 to 1993 Luckau was the seat of the district of Luckau (until 1990 in the GDR district of Cottbus ).
At the time of National Socialism and during the Second World War, the Alteno air base was located in the Alteno district . It mainly served to train pilots in the Air Force. It was not until 1944/45 that there were active flying units here. Later the air forces of the National People's Army used the airfield as a decentralization airfield for the Fighter Wing 1 "Fritz Schmenkel" .
In 1953 there was an incident at Uckro train station during the escape of the Czech brothers Mašín to West Berlin , which triggered a large manhunt by the People's Police and resulted in several deaths.
In 2000 Luckau was the location of the Brandenburg State Horticultural Show . Among other things, a nine-hectare city park was created.
Incorporations
Sando was incorporated in 1950, and Wittmannsdorf was added in 1957. Gießmannsdorf followed in 1997. In 1998 two more municipalities were incorporated, at the end of 1999 six. Freesdorf was incorporated on December 31, 2000. Two more locations followed at the end of 2001. Uckro was added in 2002. Four other municipalities were incorporated in 2003.
| Former parish | date | annotation |
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| Alteno | 03/15/1973 | Incorporation to Duben |
| Mountains | December 31, 1998 | |
| Cahnsdorf | 10/26/2003 | |
| Duben | 10/26/2003 | |
| Egsdorf | December 31, 1999 | |
| Frankendorf | 07/01/1950 | Incorporation to Görlsdorf |
| Freesdorf | December 31, 2000 | |
| Princely Drehna | 07/01/1950 01/01/1991 12/31/1999 |
Renaming to Drehna Renaming of Drehna incorporation to Luckau |
| Garrenchen | 07/01/1950 | Incorporation to Görlsdorf |
| Giessmannsdorf | 11/30/1997 | |
| Görlsdorf | 10/26/2003 | |
| Kaden | 03/15/1973 | Incorporation to Duben |
| Karche | 01/01/1957 | Merger with Zaacko to form Karche-Zaacko |
| Karche-Zaacko | December 31, 1999 | |
| Kreblitz | December 31, 1999 | |
| Kümmritz | December 31, 1999 | |
| Pelkwitz | 08/01/1973 | Incorporation to Zöllmersdorf |
| Presehnchen | 07/01/1950 | Incorporation to Schlabendorf |
| Rudingsdorf | 04/01/1974 | Incorporation to Gießmannsdorf |
| Sando | 07/01/1950 | |
| Schlabendorf | 10/26/2003 | |
| Clods | 07/01/1950 | Incorporation to Karche |
| Stiebsdorf | 08/06/1964 | Incorporation to Drehna |
| Stöbritz | 10/01/1962 | Merger with Willmersdorf to Willmersdorf-Stöbritz |
| Shock village | 01/01/1957 | Incorporation to Egsdorf |
| Terpt | December 31, 2001 | |
| Tugam | 01/01/1961 | Incorporation to Drehna |
| Uckro | 06/01/2002 | |
| Wanninchen | 07/01/1950 | Incorporation to Görlsdorf |
| Wierigsdorf | 04/14/1966 | Incorporation to Gießmannsdorf |
| Willmersdorf | 10/01/1962 | Merger with Stöbritz to Willmersdorf-Stöbritz |
| Willmersdorf-Stöbritz | December 31, 1999 | |
| Wittmannsdorf | 01/01/1957 | |
| Zaacko | 01/01/1957 | Merger with Karche to form Karche-Zaacko |
| Zieckau | 09/01/1998 | |
| Zöllmersdorf | December 31, 2001 |
Population development
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luckau.de Territory of the respective year, number of inhabitants: As of December 31 (from 1991), from 2011 based on the 2011 census
politics
City Council
The city council of Luckau consists of 18 members and the full-time mayor with the following distribution of seats:
| Party / group of voters | Seats |
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| CDU | 3 |
| SPD | 3 |
| Luckau Land | 2 |
| Independent voter community | 2 |
| AfD | 2 |
| FDP | 2 |
| The left | 2 |
| Alliance 90 / The Greens | 1 |
| Individual applicant Andreas Jahnke | 1 |
(As of: local election on May 26, 2019 )
mayor
- 1990–2010: Harry Müller (independent)
- since 2010: Gerald Lehmann (independent)
Lehmann was elected the new mayor in the runoff election on October 11, 2009. He was confirmed in office for a further eight years on September 24, 2017 with 78.5% of the valid votes.
coat of arms
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The Luckau coat of arms was approved on January 4, 2005.
Blazon : "In silver on a green lawn, a striding, resisting gold-armed red bull with a tail flicked over the back."
It is a talking coat of arms . The symbol of the Evangelist Luke is the bull. The coat of arms of Niederlausitz, of which Luckau was once the capital, was derived from the coat of arms of Luckau.
Town twinning
- Sława (German Schlawa), Poland
- Warburg , North Rhine-Westphalia
- Merzig , Saarland, since 2009
- friendly relationship with Ilsede , Lower Saxony , since 1990
Sights and culture
In the list of architectural monuments in Luckau and in the list of ground monuments in Luckau , the cultural monuments entered in the monuments list of the state of Brandenburg are recorded. The old town of Luckau has been largely spared from war and other destruction in the last centuries and is characterized by historical buildings from the 17th to the 20th century in a rare unity. The city is a member of the working group "Cities with historic city centers" in the state of Brandenburg.
Architectural monuments
- Evangelical St. Nikolai Church
- The Gothic two-tower hall church was built from 1375 to around 1437. In the 15th century, further extensions and modifications were made. In the church fire of 1644, large parts of the medieval furnishings were lost. The interior was restored under the direction of the architects Petzsch and Bärgt in a rich baroque style . The organ , which was built between 1672 and 1674 by the Leipzig organ builder Christoph Donat , is particularly beautiful ; it has a richly structured baroque front. Around 2002 renovations were carried out on the church.
- Hausmannsturm with St. Georgen chapel
- Built around the 13th century, the chapel has served secular purposes since the Reformation .
- City fortifications
- Large parts of the old 1800 m long city wall from the 13th and 14th centuries have been preserved. The red tower is particularly striking .
- Baroque gabled houses
- The market square is lined with numerous baroque houses from the 17th century, which were last restored in the 1990s. Some of these buildings were richly stuccoed by Italian Baroque builders and provided with magnificent facades.
- town hall
- Erected in the 17th century, later encased in a classical style.
- Former monastery / prison
- From 1916 to 1918 the socialist politician Karl Liebknecht was imprisoned in the Luckau correctional facility, which had been housed in a former Dominican monastery (1291–1546) from the Middle Ages near the market since 1747 . This is reminiscent of a bronze statue by the sculptor Theo Balden , which was erected on the market square in 1969 and moved to its current location after 1990 in a green area on the city wall in the area of the prison. During the Nazi era , around 1,000 mostly political prisoners were imprisoned here, including Wolfgang Abendroth , Robert Uhrig and Günther Weisenborn . After the detention center was closed in April 2005, parts of the film " Four Minutes ", which won the German Film Prize 2007 (for 2006), were shot there. After restoration, the Niederlausitz Museum was opened in the former monastery church on November 28, 2008. It had been housed elsewhere in the old town until then.
- Village churches
- In the districts there are field stone churches , mainly from the 13th or 14th century, such as the village church Zöllmersdorf , village church Uckro , the village church Stöbritz and the village church Zieckau .
Monuments and memorials
- VVN monument
- in the city park , dates from 1949 and commemorates the victims of fascism
- Memorial stone for political prisoners
- since 1946/47 in the cemetery on Lübbener Strasse (field 87) on a grave of honor, it commemorates 25 political prisoners who perished in the penitentiary.
- Memorial plaque for prisoners from the Soviet special camp Sachsenhausen
- Of 800 people transferred from the Soviet special camp, at least 23 died in Luckau. Since 2002 a plaque on the city wall of the north promenade approx. 100 m north of the Liebknecht monument has been commemorating this.
- Honorary grave with memorial stone
- in the Am Borchold forest in the Uckro district for eight Soviet prisoners of war who died in 1942
- Boulder in Dahmer Straße 2
- in front of the primary school of the local part Uckro , the words of the Communists Robert Uhrig to the resistance against Nazism recalls
Museums
Niederlausitz-Museum Luckau
As part of the Brandenburg Land Year 2008, the Niederlausitz Museum Luckau was reopened in the Kulturkirche, once the church of the Dominican monastery founded in 1291 and most recently a prison until 2005. It is in the tradition of the Kreis-Heimatmuseum founded in 1912. The collection, with over 15,000 objects, mainly relates to northwestern Lower Lusatia with the old district of Luckau. In the exhibitions "Luckau - Gate to Niederlausitz. Humans - Culture - Nature" with catalog (awarded the Designer Prize of the State of Brandenburg in 2010) and "In prison. Everyday prison life and penal system in Luckau (1747 - 2005)" the visitor becomes aware of history Luckaus and the region with its special features. Special exhibitions, educational activities and guided tours, a reference library complete the educational and adventure offer.
- Museum of Humor and Satire
- In the former juvenile detention center is the Museum of Humor and Satire of the Brandenburg Cartoon Museum Foundation with permanent and special exhibitions, one of the main topics being GDR caricatures .
Economy and Infrastructure
Luckau is shown as a basic center with partial functions of a middle center. The city has several industrial areas: Luckau East and West as well as the industrial area Luckau-Alteno. Supraregional companies are Wolffkran International AG, Keimfarben GmbH and JD Geck GmbH. The Fürstlich Drehna brewery, which has existed since 1745, is located in the Fürstlich Drehna district. Until his bankruptcy, Schlecker also operated a large distribution warehouse that is currently unused.
traffic
The Luckau-Uckro train station is about 10 km west of the city center in the Uckro district on the Berlin – Dresden railway line with the regional express line RE 5 Rostock –Berlin– Elsterwerda .
The Luckau Zentrum (formerly Luckau ) station on the Uckro – Lübben branch line (as well as the Zöllmersdorf stop ) has been in operation since Deutsche Bahn AG ceased passenger traffic on February 28, 1995 (Luckau – Uckro line) and June 1, 1996 (Luckau – Lübben route) operated by the private Deutsche Regionalisenbahn in seasonal traffic until 2008 . Until 1944 there was also a connection to Finsterwalde from the station , which today only exists between Crinitz and Finsterwalde except for the former station buildings and is used seasonally as a museum railway.
Luckau can be reached with a PlusBus and other regional bus routes through the regional transport company Dahme-Spreewald .
Luckau lies at the junction of the federal highways 87 ( Herzberg (Elster) - Lübben ), B 96 ( Zossen - Finsterwalde ) and B 102 (to Jüterbog ). The Luckau bypass was completed in 2003/2004. About ten kilometers east of the city is the Duben motorway junction on the A 13 motorway . The village church of the Duben district is also a motorway church . An information board on the motorway indicates the historic town center of Luckau.
Former Alteno airfield
The planning of a UN health center has been advanced at the former Alteno airfield since 2007. In 2011 this project failed because it was not possible to agree on the sale with some landowners.
Until it was shut down by the Bundeswehr , Alteno, a district of Duben, had a military airfield with a fixed runway, a tank farm and an ammunition store. There were also remote-controlled, stationary automatic radio beacons of the type PAR-8 in the main landing direction near Alteno "A" 1000 m and in Groß Radden "AO" 4000 m. In the GDR, the airfield was last used by Jagdfliegergeschwader 1 (JG-1) of the Air Force of the National People's Army at the Holzdorf Air Base near Jessen (Elster) as an alternative, field and training airfield. The nickname of the airfield was Arno. Until 2009, motorsport events of the multi-purpose facility (MZA) Luckau were held on this site. After temporary use as a storage area for wind turbines , Wirsol Solar AG built a solar park with a peak output of 21 MWp on the eastern part of the runway at the beginning of 2012 . The commercial area around the former airport has a rail connection from Lübben.
Wind turbines
There are numerous wind turbines in the area of the city , especially on the Dubener Platte there is a large wind farm.
Personalities
Honorary citizen
- Constantin von Solms-Sonnewalde (1815–1890), district administrator in the Luckau district (1870)
- Harry Müller (* 1946), 1990-2010 Mayor of Luckau (2017)
sons and daughters of the town
- Johann Christian Adami (1662–1715), Protestant theologian, general superintendent in Lübben
- Christian Siegmund Georgi (1702–1771), Protestant theologian
- Heinrich Wilhelm von Zeschau (1760–1832), Saxon lieutenant general
- Johann Baumgarten (1765–1843), botanist
- Friedrich Gottlieb Heinrich Fielitz the Younger (1774–1813), physician, editor and author
- Heinrich Anschütz (1785–1865), actor
- Heinrich August Fielitz (1797–1873), physician
- Leopold von Loën (1817–1895), Prussian general
- Hugo Jentsch (1840–1916), regional historian and researcher of prehistory
- Robert Behla (1850–1921), physician, secret medical councilor
- Arthur Zapp (1852–1925), writer
- Theodor Schulze (1878–1926), teacher, archivist, publicist, born in Alt-Schlabendorf (today's district of Schlabendorf), later director of the Anhalt State Archives in Zerbst
- Heinrich Gustav Apel (1895–1975), puppeteer
- Otto Schmidt (1896–1964), jockey
- Erich Domaschk (1908–1974), Wehrmacht officer in World War II and co-founder of the Association of German Officers (BDO)
- Hans-Detlev Hennig (1927–2017), sculptor
- Günter Kochan (1930–2009), composer
- Georg Müller (* 1930), mineralogist
- Herbert Helmrich (1934–2017), politician (CDU)
- Jürgen Kißner (1942–2019), cyclist and trainer
- Carola Holland (* 1947), illustrator
- Katrin Martin (* 1950), actress
- Gerd-Rüdiger Hoffmann (* 1952), politician (Die Linke), 2004–2014 member of the Brandenburg State Parliament
- Felix Geisler (* 1997), soccer player
Personalities associated with Luckau
- Friedrich Gottlieb Heinrich Fielitz the Elder (1749–1820), physician and author, Stadtphysicus von Luckau
- Johann Gottlieb Lehmann (1782–1837), grammar school director in Luckau and philologist
- Eugen Lasch (1870–1911), musician and composer, until 1901 teacher and organist at the Nikolaikirche
- Karl Liebknecht (1871–1919), socialist politician and revolutionary, from 1916 to 1918 prisoner in Luckau prison
literature
- Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Margraviate Nieder-Lausitz in the middle of the 19th century . Volume 3, 1st edition, Brandenburg 1856, pp. 600-608 ( online ).
- Georg Hille: Chronological directory of the documents in the town hall archive in Luckau in Niederlausitz . In: New Lausitz magazine . Published by EE Struve on behalf of the Upper Lusatian Society of Sciences. Görlitz 1869, pp. 63-141 ( online ).
Web links
- City of Luckau
- Extensive city-historical representation in the monument protection statute, § 3 Justification of the protection status ( Memento of December 2, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population in the State of Brandenburg according to municipalities, offices and municipalities not subject to official registration on December 31, 2019 (XLSX file; 223 KB) (updated official population figures) ( help on this ).
- ^ Main statute of the city of Luckau - reading version including 3rd amendment . Luckau December 12, 2013 ( PDF; 27.4 KB [accessed July 4, 2015]).
- ^ A b Service portal of the state administration of the state of Brandenburg: City of Luckau
- ↑ Inge Bily. Place names book of the Middle Elbe region ( Memento from March 7, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) - Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 1996. ISBN 3-05-002505-0 ; ISBN 978-3-05-002505-6 .
- ↑ Federal Statistical Office (Ed.): Municipalities 1994 and their changes since 01.01.1948 in the new federal states . Metzler-Poeschel, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 .
- ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1997
- ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1998
- ↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1999
- ^ Official Journal for Brandenburg Common Ministerial Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, Volume 12, 2001, Number 2, Potsdam, January 10, 2001, p. 43, PDF .
- ↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2001
- ↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2002
- ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2003
- ^ City of Luckau. Retrieved April 18, 2019 .
- ^ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. Landkreis Dahme-Spreewald , pp. 22-25
- ↑ Population in the state of Brandenburg from 1991 to 2015 according to independent cities, districts and municipalities , Table 7
- ^ Office for Statistics Berlin-Brandenburg (Ed.): Statistical report AI 7, A II 3, A III 3. Population development and population status in the state of Brandenburg (respective editions of the month of December)
- ^ Result of the local election on May 26, 2019
- ↑ Luckau says thank you to Harry Müller. In: Lausitzer Rundschau . January 31, 2010.
- ↑ Brandenburg Local Election Act, Section 74 .
- ^ Result of the mayoral election on September 24, 2017 .
- ↑ Coat of arms information on the service portal of the state administration of Brandenburg
- ↑ Entry about the partner communities on the website of the community Ilsede.Accessed on May 10, 2019, 5:07 pm
- ↑ brauerei-fuerstlich-drehna.de
- ^ No UN clinic in Luckau . pnn.de, March 25, 2011.
- ↑ WIRSOL Solar AG sells 21 megawatt solar park in Brandenburg. January 13, 2012, accessed April 30, 2012 .
- ↑ State Main Archives Saxony-Anhalt, Magdeburg Department, Rep. H Rösa, No. 1491.
- ↑ New honorary citizen in Luckau. In: Lausitzer Rundschau . July 10, 2017.
- ↑ Theodor Schulze at www.literaturport.de
- ↑ It is with great pleasure that I take up my pen ( Memento from April 14, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ The Apels - a family of puppeteers from Dresden between the German Empire and the GDR ( Memento from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Kasper, why do you have such golden threads? ( Memento from September 12, 2012 in the web archive archive.today )
Alt Zauche-Wußwerk (Stara Niwa-Wózwjerch) | Bersteland | Bestensee | Byhleguhre-Byhlen (Běła Góra-Bělin) | Drahnsdorf | Eichwalde | Golßen | Groß Köris | Half | Heideblick | Heidesee | Jamlitz | Kasel-Golzig | Königs Wusterhausen | Krausnick-Groß Wasserburg | Love rose | Lübben (Spreewald) (Lubin / Błota) | Luckau | Märkisch Buchholz | Märkische Heide (Markojska Góla) | Mittenwalde | Münchehofe | New Zauche (Nowa Niwa) | Rietzneuendorf-Staakow | Schlepzig (Slopišća) | Schönefeld | Schönwald | Schulzendorf | Schwerin | Schwielochsee (Gójacki Jazor) | Spreewaldheide (Błośańska Góla) | Steinreich | Straupitz (Spreewald) (Tšupc (Błota)) | Teupitz | Unterspreewald | Wildau | Zeuthen