Robert Uhrig

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Memorial plaque on the house at Wartburgstrasse 4, in Berlin-Schöneberg
Memorial plaque , Eichborndamm 107, in Berlin-Borsigwalde

Robert "Robby" Uhrig (born March 8, 1903 in Leipzig , † August 21, 1944 in Brandenburg ) was a German communist . As a resistance fighter against National Socialism , he was murdered in 1944.

Life

The trained toolmaker had been a member of the KPD since 1920 . He was married to Charlotte Uhrig.

Robert Uhrig worked at the Osram company in Berlin-Moabit , where he was a member of the KPD company organization and headed the illegal company cell from 1933 . He was arrested by the Gestapo as early as 1934 and had to serve a sentence in Luckau prison until 1936 . After his release in the summer of 1936, he resumed underground activities and was a member of the Berlin KPD leadership.

Formation of the Uhrig Group

From 1938 on, Robert Uhrig built up a network of various resistance groups in many Berlin factories and thus headed one of the largest anti-fascist resistance organizations in Berlin. A number of members had already been organized in communist resistance groups in which metal workers were active in previous years. The Uhrig organization cooperated with groups in Essen, Hanover, Hildesheim, Munich, Dortmund and Hamburg. There were international contacts as far as Prague and Copenhagen as well as the Netherlands. This establishment of a nationwide illegal network under the strictest conspiracy despite the Gestapo and factory security was a great achievement of the group at Uhrig. The work in or with the group did not depend on party affiliation or social origin. Communists, social democrats, workers, engineers, intellectuals, civil servants and OKH officers worked together here. However, communist-oriented metalworkers dominated the group.

Through Uhrig's contacts with Wilhelm Guddorf , John Sieg and others, there were intensive connections to the Red Orchestra . From 1940/1941 there was close cooperation with Beppo Römer . Charlotte Bischoff , who entered Germany illegally in 1941 on a cargo ship, brought instructions from the secret service of the Communist International and took over important courier services.

Uhrig and Römer published the underground newspaper information service at regular intervals. The group “called for acts of sabotage and sought information on the economic and military situation. The aim of the group was to establish a socialist state after the fall of the Hitler dictatorship. ” Werner Seelenbinder worked for a time with the Uhrig group. Even Ernst Knaack , Paul Schultz-Liebisch and Charlotte Eisenblätter were members of Uhrigs group.

In February 1942, Robert Uhrig and 200 other members of the group were arrested. Uhrig and about 40 of his companions came as prisoners in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp near Oranienburg . On June 7, 1944, Uhrig was sentenced to death by the People's Court . The sentence was carried out by beheading on August 21, 1944 in the Brandenburg penitentiary .

Companies with operating cells of the Uhrig Group (selection)

  • AEG: Hennigsdorf plant, Oberspree cable plant, Moabit turbine, typograph
  • Auer (Weissensee), Alkett , Argus
  • Bamag-Meguin, Bergmann, BMW (Spandau), Borsig, Bucharski
  • Daimler-Benz, German Arms and Munitions Factory (DWM), Dürener Metallwerke
  • Gaubschat (Neukölln), Dr. Klaus Gfettwart, gray
  • Heinkel (Oranienburg)
  • Knorr brake,
  • Lindner, Lorenz (Tempelhof), lion
  • Mauser
  • Nileswerke (Weissensee)
  • Osram (Moabit)
  • Pirsch shipyard (Oberschöneweide), Prometheus (Reinickendorf)
  • Siemens-Schuckert
  • Dr. Thiedig
  • Gear factory Friedrichshafen

Honors

Until the political change in the GDR, the following were named after Robert Uhrig:

In addition, on March 1, 1970, the 16th motorized rifle regiment stationed in Bad Frankenhausen in the 11th motorized rifle division of the NVA was named after Uhrig.

literature

  • Wolfgang Benz , Walter H. Pehle (Hrsg.): Lexicon of the German resistance. Frankfurt am Main 2001, ISBN 3-596-15083-3 , pp. 311-313.
  • Stefanie Endlich: Paths of Remembrance. Memorial sites and locations for the victims of National Socialism in Berlin and Brandenburg . Metropol, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-938690-45-1 .
  • Hermann Weber , Andreas Herbst : German communists . Biographisches Handbuch 1918 to 1945. Second, revised and greatly expanded edition. Karl Dietz Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-320-02130-6 ( online [accessed February 25, 2020]).
  • Gert Rosiejka: The Red Chapel. "Treason" as an anti-fascist resistance. Results Verlag, Hamburg 1986, ISBN 3925622160 .
  • Luise Kraushaar : Berlin Communists in the Fight Against Fascism 1936–1942. Robert Uhrig and comrades. Dietz-Verlag, Berlin 1980.
  • Hans-Rainer Sandvoss : The “other” capital of the Reich: Resistance from the workers' movement in Berlin from 1933 to 1945 . Lukas-Verlag, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-936872-94-1 .

Web links

Commons : Robert Uhrig  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ German communists , see literature.
  2. ↑ Stefan Heinz : Moscow's mercenaries? The "Unified Association of Berlin Metal Workers": Development and Failure of a Communist Union, Hamburg 2010, p. 473 ff.
  3. ^ From our illegal struggle , in: Neues Deutschland from August 27, 1947, p. 3.
  4. ↑ Wolfgang Benz: Opposition and resistance of the labor movement Federal Agency for Civic Education
  5. ^ Hans-Joachim Fieber: Resistance in Berlin against the Nazi regime from 1933 to 1945 . Volume IV. Trafo Verlag, Berlin 2002, ISBN 3896263501 , sv Uhrig, Robert .
  6. ↑ Chronicle of MSR 16 , accessed on July 16, 2013.
personal data
SURNAME Watch out, Robert
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Uhrig, Robby (nickname)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German communist and resistance fighter
DATE OF BIRTH March 8, 1903
PLACE OF BIRTH Leipzig
DATE OF DEATH August 21, 1944
Place of death Brandenburg