Berlin-Borsigwalde

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Borsigwalde
district of Berlin
Berlin Heiligensee Konradshöhe Frohnau Tegel Hermsdorf Waidmannslust Lübars Märkisches Viertel Borsigwalde Wittenau Reinickendorf BrandenburgBorsigwalde on the map of Reinickendorf
About this picture
Coordinates 52 ° 34 '59 "  N , 13 ° 18' 40"  E Coordinates: 52 ° 34 '59 "  N , 13 ° 18' 40"  E
surface 2.0 km²
Residents 6777 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 3389 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation Oct. 1, 1920
District number 1211
Administrative district Reinickendorf

Borsigwalde is a district in the Berlin district of Reinickendorf . Until 2012, Borsigwalde was part of the Wittenau district .

location

Borsigwalde is bounded to the west and north by Tegel , and the district of Reinickendorf joins in the southwest . In the east, the north ditch forms a geographical border with the historic center of Wittenau .

history

industrialization

Advertisement for Borsigwalder Terrain-Aktiengesellschaft from 1912
Historic facades along Rärmstrasse

At the end of the 19th century, the Borsig company moved its production to a new plant in Tegel . Since there was not enough living space available near the new plant for workers and employees, a plant settlement was to be built. To this end, the Terraingesellschaft Tegel mbH was founded, whose task was to acquire building land. Ultimately, by the end of 1895, the terrestrial company bought an area of ​​200  acres (around 51  hectares ) of land from the community of Dalldorf (later Wittenau), which until then had been leased as pasture. The terrestrial company first laid a road network there and then sold the prepared building land to the Borsig company, which in the following years built residential buildings both itself and through building cooperatives in which it played a major role. The first houses were on 1 October 1899 at the area of today's street Holzhauser be obtained, by the year 1900, the houses were in Straßenzug Räuschstraße built between Holzhauserstraße and Ernst road. This road train is completely preserved until today and is available as of buildings under monument protection .

The buildings in Borsigwalde were deliberately designed to deviate from the style of the tenements customary at the time in downtown Berlin. This can still be seen today on the facades of the houses: red brick and clinker were used as visible building materials, and the decorations with half-timbered gables and carvings create a resemblance to the late Gothic and Renaissance townhouse architecture . As a further contrast to the city center, side wings and rear buildings were dispensed with, instead each apartment building had its own garden behind the house.

Although a school had existed since 1900 (the building of today's Stötzner School), only about half of the apartments in Borsigwalde were actually inhabited by employees of the Borsig company. According to contemporary records, the reason for this is that the workers tried to avoid becoming too dependent on the company. Then there were the catastrophic hygienic conditions: Although between 3,000 and 4,000 people were already living in the 80 houses, there were neither water pipes nor a sewerage system. There was also no garbage disposal, which made the situation even worse; there were even cases of typhoid . For these reasons, Borsig was reported several times by the tenants.

Since the residents of the factory estate tried to find an independent name early on, belonging to Dalldorf and the associated association with the insane asylum there did not affect the development of Borsigwald. More and more Berlin companies and citizens were drawn to the vicinity of the new Borsigwerke, so that finally in 1908 the municipality of Wittenau had a gas works, an electricity works and a sewerage pumping station built in the industrial area that makes up the southern part of Borsigwald. The spiritual well-being of the Borsigwald people was also taken care of with the construction of a rectory that year. the wooden church structure existed until construction began on the new church in 1969.

The time of the world wars

The increasing number of construction activities not only led to an increasing number of residents in Borsigwald, but also to rising land prices, so that three to four-story houses were finally built at the beginning of the 1920s and the tenants' gardens were reduced or even completely eliminated. The primary school building in Sommerfelder Strasse was completed as early as 1914 (today part of the Benjamin Franklin High School), but after the First World War the building was initially used as a barracks. It wasn't until 1919 that students finally moved into the building.

Commemorative plaque for the members of the Mannhart group with a quote from Julius Fučík

At the height of the global economic crisis , around 90 percent of the 6,500 inhabitants of Borsigwald were unemployed. That changed after the “ seizure of power ” by the National Socialists in early 1933: in the course of the armament of the Wehrmacht , the settlement benefited from the metal and armaments industry that was located between Eichborndamm and Holzhauser Strasse in the 1930s. Companies such as Krupp , Alkett or the Dürener Metallwerke produced there in close proximity to the German arms and ammunition factories . The increased influx of Catholic workers from the Rhineland led to the establishment of a separate parish in Rärmstrasse. With the regional reform of 1938 not only the district boundaries were shifted, the course of the district boundaries was also changed. So it is that the Russian Orthodox cemetery is now part of the Tegel district instead of Borsigwalde. In this cemetery there are collective graves in which the deceased children of Russian forced laborers from the camps in Borsigwalde and Tegel-Süd are buried. In front of Schubartstrasse 55 today a plaque commemorates seven members of the Mannhart group around Max Klesse , who had to pay with their lives for the resistance they organized at Rheinmetall-Borsig .

Occupation and the Cold War

In addition to the damage caused by the air war , Borsigwalde also had to cope with the dismantling of a large part of its industry after the end of the war . Not only the works of the former main employer Rheinmetall - Borsig in Tegel, but also the Alkett works on Breitenbachstrasse were dismantled by both the Soviet and French troops. The Berlin blockade contributed to the fact that an economic upswing could only be recorded from 1953 onwards. The industrial area in the south remained the industrial focus in Borsigwalde; companies such as Waggon-Union produced here until the 1990s. The economic upturn was also evident in various construction activities, for example the Church of All Saints' Day was inaugurated by the Catholic community in Rärmstrasse in 1955, and the new building for the Protestant community in Tietzstrasse was not completed until 1970. But not only the public law churches invested in Borsigwalde, also the public sector: The construction of a youth club in Tietzstraße in 1964 was followed by the inauguration of the Borsigwalde elementary school on Miraustraße on August 19, 1974. Up until this point in time, the primary school students shared the building on Sommerfelder Straße with the students from the secondary school, which has been named after Benjamin Franklin since November 9, 1967 . The Toulouse Lautrec School was opened in 1986 in the immediate vicinity of the new primary school, and it took the requirements of physically handicapped students into account as early as the planning phase. The new Humboldt Hospital building was opened on the site east of the two schools as early as 1985 .

After reunification

Borsigwalde coat of arms

Borsigwalde also felt the emigration of Berlin's industry, but in the meantime one can refer to successful industrial and commercial settlements here. In 1992 the new building of the mechanical engineering company Korsch AG was inaugurated, and an indoor go-kart track has been located on the former industrial site on northern Miraustraße since 1996 . The former site of the Waggon-Union has been converted into an industrial park since 1997, and the space was initially marketed under the name Factory Village , now known as Holzhauser Markt . In 2000, the medium-sized meat and sausage manufacturer mago Kohn & Kempkes , which has been based in Borsigwalde since 1984, expanded its production space , and since 2005 a branch of Toys “Я” Us has existed in the listed RABOMA machine factory . But the classic industry is still represented in Borsigwalde, names such as Novelis and Linde AG are internationally known .

As a result of a resolution of the Reinickendorfer district council assembly on March 14, 2012, the district office declared the location of Borsigwalde to be the 11th part of the district on April 24, 2012, and the resolution was announced in the official gazette on May 18, 2012. The district coat of arms selected on the basis of a call for ideas was established with effect from November 20, 2012.

traffic

The bus line 125 through the historic center of Borsigwalde connects the district directly with Tegel and the local S-Bahn station , the express bus X33 connects Borsigwalde with the Wittenau and Spandau stations . The Borsigwerke underground station can be reached via a pedestrian bridge.

Borsigwalde borders in the west on the Kremmener Bahn , which is served by the S25 S-Bahn . In the course of the next stage of expansion of the section between Schönholz and Tegel, the construction of a new stop on Holzhauser Straße is planned for Borsigwalde.

Personalities

See also

literature

  • Klaus Schlickeiser: Borsigwalde - then and now, living and industry . Ed .: Support group for culture and education in Reinickendorf e. V. 1st edition. Wiesjahn, Berlin 1989.
  • Klaus Schlickeiser: Walks in Borsigwalde . Ed .: Support group for culture and education in Reinickendorf e. V. 1st edition. Berlin 2011, DNB  101102098X .
  • Eva Lindner: Freedom for Borsigwalde . In: Berliner Morgenpost . December 11, 2011 (for a fee [accessed on March 13, 2012]).

Web links

Commons : Berlin-Borsigwalde  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Michael Zaremba : Reinickendorf in the course of history . 1st edition. be.bra verlag, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-930863-63-4 , p. 76-80 .
  2. ↑ Axel Reibe: Reinickendorf . Ed .: Wolfgang Ribbe (=  history of the Berlin administrative districts . Volume 4 ). 1st edition. Colloquium Verlag, Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-7678-0714-9 , pp. 62 .
  3. ^ Fritz Neumeyer: Werkwohnungsbau in Berlin and its development in the 19th and early 20th centuries . Berlin 1977, p. 170 . In: Axel Reibe: Reinickendorf . Ed .: Wolfgang Ribbe (=  history of the Berlin administrative districts . Volume 4 ). 1st edition. Colloquium Verlag, Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-7678-0714-9 , pp. 62 .
  4. ↑ Friedel Fielitz: Borsigwalde once: Reports and narratives . Ed .: Support group for culture and education in Reinickendorf e. V. Berlin 1987, DNB  881210900 , p. 11 .
  5. ^ A b Friedel Fielitz: Borsigwalde once: reports and narratives . Ed .: Support group for culture and education in Reinickendorf e. V. Berlin 1987, DNB  881210900 , p. 13 .
  6. ↑ Colony Borsigwalde in the monument database of the State of Berlin. In: berlin.de. Senate Department for Urban Development and the Environment, March 25, 2008, accessed on March 12, 2012 .
  7. ↑ Friedel Fielitz: Borsigwalde once: Reports and narratives . Ed .: Support group for culture and education in Reinickendorf e. V. Berlin 1987, DNB  881210900 , p. 19 .
  8. ↑ a b c d Gerd Koischwitz: Six villages in swamp and sand - history of the Reinickendorf district of Berlin . The North Berlin Wilhelm Möller oHG, Berlin 1984, DNB  871131145 , p. 91 .
  9. ↑ a b Axel Reibe: Reinickendorf . Ed .: Wolfgang Ribbe (=  history of the Berlin administrative districts . Volume 4 ). 1st edition. Colloquium Verlag, Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-7678-0714-9 , pp. 63 .
  10. ^ Klaus Schlickeiser: Festschrift 650 Years Wittenau 1351-2001 . Ed .: Support group for culture and education in Reinickendorf e. V. Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-927611-16-6 , pp. 13-17 .
  11. ↑ Friedel Fielitz: Borsigwalde once: Reports and narratives . Ed .: Support group for culture and education in Reinickendorf e. V. Berlin 1987, p. 70 .
  12. ^ Benjamin Franklin Oberschule in the monument database of the State of Berlin. In: berlin.de. Senate Department for Urban Development and the Environment, March 25, 2008, accessed on March 12, 2012 .
  13. ↑ Axel Reibe: Reinickendorf . Ed .: Wolfgang Ribbe (=  history of the Berlin administrative districts . Volume 4 ). 1st edition. Colloquium Verlag, Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-7678-0714-9 , pp. 86 f .
  14. ↑ Marlies Emmerich: Most of the locations are now forgotten . In: Berliner Zeitung , December 9, 1999
  15. ↑ Michael Zaremba : Reinickendorf in the course of history . 1st edition. be.bra verlag, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-930863-63-4 , p. 138 .
  16. ↑ Axel Reibe: Reinickendorf . Ed .: Wolfgang Ribbe (=  history of the Berlin administrative districts . Volume 4 ). 1st edition. Colloquium Verlag, Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-7678-0714-9 , pp. 94 .
  17. ↑ Picture gallery 4. In: borsigwalde.eu. André Stubbe, accessed on March 14, 2012 : “The youth clubhouse was built according to a competition design by the architects Jan and Rolf Rave. The foundation stone was laid on June 19, 1964, and the building was handed over to its intended use on September 14. "
  18. ^ The schools. In: borsigwalde.eu. André Stubbe, accessed on March 14, 2012 : "The inauguration of the Borsigwalder primary school took place on August 19, 1974."
  19. ↑ Dorothea Minkels : A short chronicle of the school. (PDF; 266 kB) (No longer available online.) In: franklin.cidsnet.de. Benjamin Franklin High School, June 2002, archived from the original on October 5, 2011 ; accessed on March 14, 2012 : "At the suggestion of the Dittberner school council, the 2nd OR Reinickendorf was given the name of the tolerant American statesman, physicist and philosopher Benjamin Franklin on November 9, 1967." Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked . Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.franklin.cidsnet.de
  20. ^ Witt: On the history of the sponsorship group. (No longer available online.) In: tls.cidsnet.de. Support group for handicapped children e. V., 1998, archived from the original on February 1, 2014 ; accessed on March 14, 2012 : "After the Toulouse Lautrec School was opened in 1986, the support group moved to this school building and has been working for the students of this facility ever since." Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.tls.cidsnet.de
  21. ↑ Michael Zaremba : Reinickendorf in the course of history . 1st edition. be.bra verlag, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-930863-63-4 , p. 103 .
  22. ↑ KORSCH AG Berlin. (No longer available online.) In: korsch.com. Korsch Aktiengesellschaft, formerly in the original ; Retrieved March 14, 2012 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.korsch.com  
  23. ↑ route. (No longer available online.) In: kartland.de. Cart Connection GmbH, archived from the original on December 28, 2011 ; Retrieved March 14, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kartland.de
  24. ↑ Art and commerce revive former industrial wastelands . In: Berliner Morgenpost . July 31, 2002 ( chargeable [accessed February 26, 2012]).
  25. ↑ Realized projects: Holzhauser Markt. DWI Grundbesitz GmbH, accessed on February 26, 2012 .
  26. ↑ History - from family business to regional market leader. In: mago-wurst.de. Golßener und mago Vertriebs oHG, accessed on March 14, 2012 .
  27. ↑ Toys “R” Us celebrated its 5th anniversary in Reinickendorf . In: Berlin Week . November 30, 2011 ( cduborsigwalde.de [PDF; accessed on March 14, 2012]).
  28. ^ Borsigwalde: 11th district of Reinickendorf . ( Memento of the original from July 21, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Printed matter No. 0020 / XIX of BVV Reinickendorf (including map of the district boundaries), April 25, 2012. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.berlin.de
  29. ↑ Official Journal No. 20, p. 771.
  30. ↑ Printed matter 0317 / XIX. (No longer available online.) BVV Reinickendorf, November 20, 2012, formerly in the original ; Retrieved April 22, 2013 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.berlin.de  
  31. ↑ Printed matter 13/596. (PDF; 14.4 kB) Answer to Small Question No. 393th Berlin House of Representatives , June 11, 1996, accessed on March 23, 2012 .
  32. ↑ Dorothea Minkels: A short chronicle of the school. (PDF; 266 kB) (No longer available online.) In: franklin.cidsnet.de. Benjamin Franklin High School, June 2002, archived from the original on October 5, 2011 ; Retrieved March 14, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.franklin.cidsnet.de
  33. ↑ Marcus Böttcher: On a foray with Mayor Balzer: This is my Borsigwalde . In: Berliner Kurier . May 26, 2012 ( berliner-kurier.de ).